The Christian Doctrine of Apokatastasis Supplements to Vigiliae Christianae Texts and Studies of Early Christian Life and Language Editors J.denBoeft–B.D.Ehrman–J.vanOort D.T.Runia–C.Scholten–J.C.M.vanWinden VOLUME120 Thetitlespublishedinthisseriesarelistedatbrill.com/vcs The Christian Doctrine of Apokatastasis A Critical Assessment from the New Testament to Eriugena By IlariaL.E.Ramelli LEIDEN•BOSTON 2013 LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Ramelli,Ilaria,1973- TheChristiandoctrineofApokatastasis:acriticalassessmentfromtheNewTestamentto Eriugena/byIlariaL.E.Ramelli. pagescm.–(SupplementstoVigiliaeChristianae,ISSN0920-623X;VOLUME120) Includesindex. ISBN978-90-04-24509-9(alk.paper)–ISBN978-90-04-24570-9(e-book)1. Restorationism–Historyofdoctrines.2.Apokatastasis(TheGreekword)I.Title. BT263.R362013 234–dc23 2012049287 Thispublicationhasbeentypesetinthemultilingual“Brill”typeface.Withover5,100characters coveringLatin,IPA,Greek,andCyrillic,thistypefaceisespeciallysuitableforuseinthehumanities. Formoreinformation,pleaseseewww.brill.com/brill-typeface. ISSN0920-623X ISBN978-90-04-24509-9(hardback) ISBN978-90-04-24570-9(e-book) Copyright2013byKoninklijkeBrillNV,Leiden,TheNetherlands. KoninklijkeBrillNVincorporatestheimprintsBrill,GlobalOriental,HoteiPublishing, IDCPublishersandMartinusNijhoffPublishers. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,translated,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical, photocopying,recordingorotherwise,withoutpriorwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher. AuthorizationtophotocopyitemsforinternalorpersonaluseisgrantedbyKoninklijkeBrillNV providedthattheappropriatefeesarepaiddirectlytoTheCopyrightClearanceCenter, 222RosewoodDrive,Suite910,Danvers,MA01923,USA. Feesaresubjecttochange. Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper. ForDad, àbientôt Nonitaaeternumistudmortisessearbitrorregnumutestuitaeatqueiustitiae. […]Sieademaeternitasmortisponaturessequaeuitaeest, iamnoneritmorsuitaecontraria,sedaequalis: aeternumenimaeternocontrariumnonerit,sedidem. Nuncautemcertumestmortemuitaeessecontrarium: certumestergoquod,siuitaaeternaest,morsessenonpossitaeterna. […]Cummorsanimae,quaeestnouissimusinimicus,fueritdestructa, regnummortisparitercummortedestructumerit. (Origen,Comm.inRom.5,7) ΜηδενὸςτῶνπαρὰτοῦΘεοῦγεγονότωντῆςβασιλείαςτοῦΘεοῦἀποπίπτοντος. “NocreatureofGodwillfalloutoftheKingdomofGod.” (St.GregoryofNyssa,InIllud:TuncetIpseFilius14Downing) CONTENTS Acknowledgements..................................................... ix ListofAbbreviations.................................................... xi 1. TheRootsoftheDoctrineofApokatastasis ........................ 1 2. Origen’sFirstFollowersinAlexandriaandtheEast,andhisFirst “Detractors” ........................................................ 223 3. Origen’sApologistsandFollowers,theCappadocians,Evagrius, theAntiochenes,andFourth-CenturyLatinOrigenians............ 279 4. FromAugustinetoEriugena.Latin,GreekandSyriacReceptions ofOrigen’sApokatastasisTheory................................... 659 ByWayofConclusion:TheMainFeaturesoftheChristian ApokatastasisTheoryfromtheNewTestamenttoEriugena,and ItsTheologicalSignificance ........................................ 817 AncientAuthorsandSourcesIndex .................................... 827 ModernAuthorsIndex ................................................. 871 SubjectIndex ........................................................... 883 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thismonographistheresultofalmostfifteenyearsofscholarlyresearch.It isimpossibleformetojustlistallthescholarswhomIwouldliketothankfor havingdiscussedthistopicwithmeovertheseyears,aswellastheaudiences of all the lectures, classes, and seminars I have devoted to this theme in manyuniversitiesduringallthistime.Iwarmlythankallthecolleaguesand friendswho—inItaly,Europe,America,andIsrael—haveaccompaniedand gladdenedmedeeplyinmyresearchandacademicservicefortwodecades bynow,andtoallthosewhoassistmeineverything,atUniversity,athome, and everywhere. First and foremost, I testify to Heaven’s awesome help. SpecialgratitudeIwishtoexpresstoProfessorJandenBoeft,theanonymous readersandtheBoardofSupplementstoVigiliaeChristianae,aswellasto MattieKuiper,PeterBuschman,andBrill.ManythanksalsotoSydPalmer forthelaborioustaskofpreparingtheindexes.Iamprofoundlyhonoured thatmyworkhasbeenreceivedinthisprestigiousSeries.