The architecture of cognition : rethinking Fodor and Pylyshyn's systematicity challenge PDF
Preview The architecture of cognition : rethinking Fodor and Pylyshyn's systematicity challenge
The Architecture of Cognition The Architecture of Cognition Rethinking Fodor and Pylyshyn’ s Systematicity Challenge edited by Paco Calvo and John Symons The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England © 2014 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. MIT Press books may be purchased at special quantity discounts for business or sales promotional use. For information, please email [email protected] or write to Special Sales Department, The MIT Press, 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142. This book was set in Stone Sans and Stone Serif by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited, Hong Kong. Printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available. ISBN: 978-0-262-02723-6 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 For Anabel, Brendan, Hortensia, Marie, Paquilo, and Zoe Contents Preface ix I 1 Systematicity: An Overview 3 John Symons and Paco Calvo 2 Can an ICS Architecture Meet the Systematicity and Productivity Challenges? 31 Brian P. McLaughlin 3 Tough Times to Be Talking Systematicity 77 Ken Aizawa II 4 PDP and Symbol Manipulation: What ’ s Been Learned Since 1986? 103 Gary Marcus 5 Systematicity in the Lexicon: On Having Your Cake and Eating It Too 115 Jeffrey L. Elman 6 Getting Real about Systematicity 147 Stefan L. Frank 7 Systematicity and the Need for Encapsulated Representations 165 Gideon Borensztajn, Willem Zuidema, and William Bechtel 8 How Limited Systematicity Emerges: A Computational Cognitive Neuroscience Approach 191 Randall C. O ’ Reilly, Alex A. Petrov, Jonathan D. Cohen, Christian J. Lebiere, Seth A. Herd, and Trent Kriete viii Contents 9 A Category Theory Explanation for Systematicity: Universal Constructions 227 Steven Phillips and William H. Wilson III 10 Systematicity and Architectural Pluralism 253 William Ramsey 11 Systematicity Laws and Explanatory Structures in the Extended Mind 277 Alicia Coram 12 Systematicity and Conceptual Pluralism 305 Fernando Mart í nez-Manrique 13 Neo-Empiricism and the Structure of Thoughts 335 Edouard Machery IV 14 Systematicity and Interaction Dominance 353 Anthony Chemero 15 From Systematicity to Interactive Regularities: Grounding Cognition at the Sensorimotor Level 371 David Travieso, Antoni Gomila, and Lorena Lobo 16 The Emergence of Systematicity in Minimally Cognitive Agents 397 Paco Calvo, Emma Mart í n, and John Symons 17 Order and Disorders in the Form of Thought: The Dynamics of Systematicity 435 Michael Silberstein Contributors 453 Index 457 Preface Is human thought systematic? How can we best explain it? The present volume aims to explore a variety of conceptual and empirical strategies for responding to these two questions. Twenty-five years after Jerry Fodor and Zenon Pylyshyn originally challenged connectionist theorists to explain the systematicity of cognition, our task in this volume is to reassess and rethink systematicity in the post-connectionist era. In their seminal “ Connectionism and Cognitive Architecture: A Critical Analysis ” ( Cognition 28: 3– 71, 1988), Fodor and Pylyshyn argued that the only way for connectionist theory to explain the systematicity of thought is by implementing a classical combinatorial architecture. Connectionist explanations, they claimed, are destined to fail, managing at best to inform us with respect to details of the neural substrate. Explanations at the cogni- tive level, they argue, simply must be classical insofar as adult human cognition is essentially systematic. It is difficult to overstate the importance of Fodor and Pylyshyn ’ s argument in cognitive science. In fact, it is not easy task to find an introductory text that does not give a central role to the “ systematicity challenge.” However, a quarter of a century later, we inhabit a post-connectionist world, where the disagreement is not between classical and connectionist models, but rather between cognitivism writ large and a range of method- ologies such as behavior-based AI, ecological psychology, embodied and distributed cognition, dynamical systems theory, and nonclassical forms of connectionism, among others. Thus, it is worth revisiting the initial challenge to connectionist theory, as originally formulated, in order to understand how the debate looks in this new context. The twenty-fifth anniversary of the publication of Fodor and Pylyshyn’ s critical analysis provides a suitable occasion to revisit the challenge. To this end, we organized a workshop entitled “ Systematicity and the Post- connectionist Era: Taking Stock of the Architecture of Cognition ” in the
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