The Analysis of the Self: A Systematic Approach to the Psychoanalytic Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorders PDF
Preview The Analysis of the Self: A Systematic Approach to the Psychoanalytic Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorders
THE ANALYSIS OF THE SELF heinz kohut (1913–81) received his medical degree from the University of Vienna and trained in neurology and psy- chiatry at the University of Chicago, where he was professorial lecturer in psychiatry at the time of his death in 1981. He graduated from the Institute for Psychoanalysis in Chicago and served there as a faculty member and training analyst. Dr. Kohut was president of the American Psychoanalytic Association (1964–65), vice president of the International Psychoanalytic Association (1965–73), vice president of the Sigmund Freud Archives (1971–81), and a member of the Austrian Academy of Science. He received the Cross of Honor from the Austrian government and an honorary doctorate of science from the University of Cincinnati. His publications include The Analysis of the Self; The Restoration of the Self; four volumes of Selected Writings; How Does Analysis Cure?; and The Curve of Life, a compilation of his correspondence—the latter two in print from the University of Chicago Press. THE ANALYSIS OF THE SELF A Systematic Approach to the Psychoanalytic Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorders By Heinz Kohut, M.D. the university of chicago press Chicago & London The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637 The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., London Copyright © 1971 by Thomas A. Kohut All rights reserved. Originally published 1971 in The Monograph Series of the Psychoanalytic Study of the Child University of Chicago Press edition 2009 Printed in the United States of America 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 1 2 3 4 5 ISBN-13: 978-0-226-45012-4 (paper) ISBN-10: 0-226-45012-0 (paper) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kohut, Heinz. The analysis of the self : a systematic approach to the psychoanalytic treatment of narcissistic personality disorders / by Heinz Kohut. p. cm. ISBN-13: 978-0-226-45012-4 (alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-226-45012-0 (alk. paper) 1. Transference (Psychology) 2. Narcissism. 3. Personality disorders. I. Title. RC506.K64 2009 616.89’17—dc22 2009013137 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Perma- nence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992. For B. and G. CONTENTS A cknow ledgments Xl Preface xiii 1. INTRODUCTORY CONSIDERATIONS Part I The Therapeutic Activation of the Omnipotent Object 2. THE IDEALIZING TRANSFERENCE 37 3. A CLINICAL ILLUSTRATION OF IDEALIZING TRANSFERENCE 57 4. CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC ASPECTS OF THE IDEALIZING TRANSFERENCE 74 The Idealizing Transference Distinguished from Mature Forms of Idealization 74 Varieties of Idealizing Transference 78 The Process of Working Through and Other Clinical Problems in the Idealizing Transference 86 Part II The Therapeutic Activation of the Grandiose Self 5. TYPES OF MIRROR TRANSFERENCES: A CLASSIFICA- TION ACCORDING TO DEVELOPMENTAL CONSIDERA- TIONS 105 The Merger Through the Extension of the Grandiose Self 114 The Alter-Ego Transference or Twinship 115 The Mirror Transference in the Narrower Sense 115 Clinical Examples 126 6. TYPES OF MIRROR TRANSFERENCES: A CLASSIFICA- TION ACCORDING TO GENETIC-DYNAMIC CONSIDER- ATIONS 133 The Primary Mirror Transference 134 The Reactive Mobilization of the Grandiose Self 135 The Secondary Mirror Transference 137 7. THE THERAPEUTIC PROCESS IN THE MIRROR TRANSFERENCES 143 Acting Out in the Narcissistic Transferences: The Problem of Therapeutic Activism 155 The Goals of the Working-Through Process Con- cerning the Activated Grandiose Self 168 The Functions of the Analyst in the Analysis of the Mirror Transference 175 The Significance of the Mirror Transference as the Instrumentality of the Working-Through Process 190 General Remarks about the Mechanisms Which Bring about Therapeutic Progress in Psycho- analysis 196 Part III Clinical and Technical Problems in the Narcissistic Transferences 8. GENERAL REMARKS ABOUT NARCISSISTIC TRANSFER- ENCES 203 Theoretical Considerations 203 Clinical Considerations 221 Traumatic States 229 9. CLINICAL ILLUSTRATION OF THE NARCISSISTIC TRANSFERENCES 239 10. SOME REACTIONS OF THE ANALYST TO THE IDEALIZING TRANSFERENCE 260 II. SOME REACTIONS OF THE ANALYST TO THE MIRROR TRANSFERENCES 270 12. SOME THERAPEUTIC TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE ANALYSIS OF NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITIES 296 Increase and Expansion of Object Love 296 Progressive and Integrative Developments within the Narcissistic Realm 298 Empathy 300 Creativeness 308 Humor and Wisdom 324 Bibliography 329 Concordance of Cases 343 Index 345
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