Textbook of Clinical Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Third Edition

822 Pages·2012·16.541 MB·\822

by  David Moore (Author), Basant Puri (Author)

Textbook of Clinical
Neuropsychiatry and
Behavioral Neuroscience
Previously published as Textbook of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, this
third edition is thoroughly updated, redesigned and extended to
include the fundamentals of neuroscience and is now available in WITH VITALSOURCE®
EBOOK
print and Ebook formats..
From reviews of the previous editions: BNT
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‘Comprehensive and up to date … a reliable text dealing with common and rare neuropsychiatric e
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Canadian Journal of Psychiatry t
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‘Eminently readable, well organized and thorough … a very comprehensive coverage of
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neuropsychiatry … in very clear and concise terms, Moore brings neuropsychiatry alive.’ o
American Journal of Psychiatry ip
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‘In summary, this is an impressive single-author publication … the Textbook of Clinical s
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Neuropsychiatry is likely to become essential reading and an invaluable source of reference for ry
neuropsychiatrists.’ a
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‘Very comprehensive … up-to-date … serves not only as a textbook of neuropsychiatry, but also an N
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Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
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‘A valuable coverage of different neuropsychiatric disorders. The style is elegant and the text is uri
clearly written. Over 4000 references are included.’ n
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Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
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Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
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‘This textbook is defi nitely one to recommend and not just for psychiatrists but also neurologists and ed
colleagues working in neuro-rehabilitation.’ n
British Journal of Psychiatry
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‘This excellent text gives the reader an authoritative update on the growing specialty of
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neuropsychiatry. It is certainly comprehensive.’
Textbook of Clinical
Irish Medical Journal
‘An outstanding and comprehensive addition to the literature … impressive … encyclopedic, and
clearly written … I expect this second edition … to become one of the cornerstone references for
neuropsychiatrists. It is also an invaluable source of information about neuropsychiatric disorders Neuropsychiatry and
for trainees as well as practicing psychiatrists and neurologists.’ & M
Psychological Medicine
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‘This is a remarkable and epic piece of work that is both comprehensive and up to date. This u o Behavioral Neuroscience
textbook is now my fi rst port of reference when faced with any clinical question and should become r
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a standard reference text for anyone working or studying in the fi elds of neurology or psychiatry, i
paediatric or adult.’
From a review of the second edition, Cognitive Neuropsychiatry
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Textbook of Clinical Neuropsychiatry
and Behavioral Neuroscience
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Textbook of Clinical
Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral
Neuroscience
Third edition
David P Moore MD
Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; and
Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Neurosurgery (Division of Physical
Medicine and Rehabilitation), University of Louisville School of Medicine, Kentucky,
USA
Basant K Puri MA, PhD, MB, BChir, FRCPsych, MMath
Hammersmith Hospital and Imperial College London, UK
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2012 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
Version Date: 20150220
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4441-6488-6 (eBook - PDF)
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Dedication
Thisbookis dedicated toourfamilies andtothepatients who haveentrusted uswith theircare.Wealsowish toexpress
our gratitude to Professors Jeffrey Cummings and Michael Trimble, whose kind words have made this third edition
possible, andDr Moorewishesto add, as he hasin thefirst twoeditions, a special thanks toJamesW Jefferson, MD, for
whose example and guidance he remains forever grateful.
‘Scribereactum fidei est’
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Contents
Preface xv
PART I NEUROSCIENCE FUNDAMENTALS 1
1 Neuroscience fundamentals 3
1.1 Functional neuroanatomy 3
1.2 Functional neuroimaging 27
1.3 Neuropsychology 31
1.4 Neurophysiology 43
1.5 Molecular genetics 45
1.6 Psychoneuroendocrinology 50
1.7 Immunology 55
PART II DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT 63
2 Diagnostic assessment 65
2.1 Diagnostic interview 65
2.2 Mental statusexamination 67
2.3 Neurologic examination 72
2.4 Clinical neuroimaging 78
2.5 Electroencephalography 81
2.6 Lumbar puncture 92
PART III SIGNS, SYMPTOMS, ANDSYNDROMES 101
3 ‘Cortical’ signsandsymptoms 103
3.1 Aphasia 103
3.2 Alexia 107
3.3 Agraphia 108
3.4 Acalculia 108
3.5 Gerstmann’s syndrome 109
3.6 Hypergraphia 110
3.7 Aprosodia 110
3.8 Apraxia 113
3.9 Agnosias 114
3.10 Neglect 120
4 Abnormalmovements 128
4.1 Tremor 128
4.2 Myoclonus 130
4.3 Motor tics 132
viii Contents
4.4 Chorea 134
4.5 Athetosis 136
4.6 Ballism 137
4.7 Dystonia 138
4.8 Parkinsonism 142
4.9 Pure akinesia 146
4.10 Akathisia 147
4.11 Catatonia 148
4.12 Asterixis 152
4.13 Mirror movements 153
4.14 Pathologic startle 153
5 Other signsandsymptoms 165
5.1 Mutism 165
5.2 Akinetic mutism 166
5.3 Stuttering 168
5.4 Palilalia 169
5.5 Perseveration 169
5.6 Primitive reflexes 170
5.7 Pseudobulbar palsy andpathologicallaughter and crying 171
5.8 Emotional facialpalsy 172
5.9 Le fourireprodromique 173
5.10 Abulia 174
5.11 Environmental dependency syndrome 174
5.12 Kluver(cid:2)Bucy syndrome 175
5.13 Alien handsign 177
5.14 Balint’s syndrome 179
5.15 Phantom andsupernumerary limbs 179
5.16 Depersonalization 180
5.17 Obsessionsandcompulsions 181
5.18 Reduplicative paramnesia 183
5.19 Confabulation 183
5.20 Amusia 184
5.21 Foreign accent syndrome 185
5.22 Cataplexy 185
5.23 Sympathetic storm 186
5.24 Catastrophic reaction 186
5.25 Flattened affect 187
5.26 Inappropriate affect 187
5.27 Mannerisms 188
5.28 Stereotypies 188
5.29 Echolalia andechopraxia 189
5.30 Hallucinations anddelusions 190
5.31 Schneiderian first-rank symptoms 193
6 Syndromesofdisturbances ofconsciousnessand cognition 207
6.1 Stuporandcoma 207
6.2 Persistent vegetative stateandthe minimally consciousstate 220
6.3 Dementia 222
6.4 Mild cognitiveimpairment 229
6.5 Delirium 230
6.6 Amnesia 237
6.7 Mental retardation 241
Contents ix
7 Syndromesofdisturbances ofmoodandaffect 250
7.1 Depression 250
7.2 Apathy 255
7.3 Mania 256
7.4 Agitation 263
7.5 Anxiety 266
8 Other majorsyndromes 275
8.1 Psychosis 275
8.2 Personality change 281
8.3 Seizures andepilepsy 286
8.4 Stroke 312
8.5 Traumatic braininjury 327
8.6 Meningitis 332
8.7 Cerebral abscess 334
8.8 Acuteencephalitis 335
8.9 Pain 336
8.10 Somatoform disorders 337
8.11 Malingering andfactitious illness 345
PART IV SPECIFICDISORDERS 377
9 Neurodegenerative andmovementdisorders 379
9.1 Alzheimer’s disease 379
9.2 Pick’s disease 384
9.3 Frontotemporal lobar degeneration 385
9.4 Amyotrophic lateralsclerosis 388
9.5 Parkinson’sdisease 390
9.6 Dementia withlewy bodies 398
9.7 Progressive supranuclear palsy 400
9.8 Corticobasal ganglionicdegeneration 402
9.9 Multiple systematrophy 403
9.10 Huntington’sdisease 404
9.11 Choreoacanthocytosis 408
9.12 Fxtas 409
9.13 Senile chorea 410
9.14 Benign hereditary chorea 410
9.15 Dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy 411
9.16 Wilson’s disease 412
9.17 Spinocerebellar ataxia 413
9.18 Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration 415
9.19 Dopa-responsive dystonia 416
9.20 Primary torsion dystonia 417
9.21 Primary cervical dystonia 417
9.22 Task-specific dystonia 418
9.23 Meige’s syndrome 419
9.24 Spasmodic dysphonia 419
9.25 Tourette’s syndrome 420
9.26 Myotonicmuscular dystrophy 423
9.27 Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis 424
9.28 Metachromatic leukodystrophy 425
9.29 Adrenoleukodystrophy 426