Temporomandibular Disorders: A Translational Approach From Basic Science to Clinical Applicability

218 Pages·2018·6.55 MB·English

by  Henry A. Gremillion

Henry A. Gremillion
Gary D. Klasser
Editors
Temporomandibular
Disorders
A Translational Approach
From Basic Science to
Clinical Applicability
123
Temporomandibular Disorders
Henry A. Gremillion • Gary D. Klasser
Editors
Temporomandibular
Disorders
A Translational Approach From Basic
Science to Clinical Applicability
Editors
Henry A. Gremillion Gary D. Klasser
School of Dentistry School of Dentistry
Louisiana State University Health Louisiana State University Health
Science Center Center
New Orleans New Orleans
Louisiana Louisiana
USA USA
ISBN 978-3-319-57245-1 ISBN 978-3-319-57247-5 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57247-5
Library of Congress Control Number: 2017951906
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We dedicate this book to our families who provided us with
their unconditional support in our efforts. We would also like to
dedicate this book to the various authors who unselfishly
contributed the vast amount of materials that allowed us in
bringing this book to print. Additionally, we dedicate the book
to the many practitioners who, on a daily basis, try their utmost
in improving and enhancing the quality of life of their patients
who are suffering from the pain and dysfunction of
temporomandibular disorders.
Foreword
The diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular disorders is one of the
most challenging problems confronting clinicians. The problems exist
because there is a diverse collection of disorders affecting the masticatory
system with similar symptoms and signs of pain and/or dysfunction. There
are several diagnostic classification systems, which are often nonspecific and
confusing. There is controversy about the appropriate treatment protocols
with treatments often based on one’s philosophy of etiology of the condition.
Often the approach to diagnosis and treatment of the patient is more compli-
cated than is necessary. This publication Temporomandibular Disorders: A
Translational Approach From Basic Science to Clinical Applicability covers
the topic from fundamentals and principles to management principles. The
topics are beneficial to all levels of care providers, be they students, residents,
academic, or clinical providers in a variety of disciplines.
This book is organized into four parts. The first part discusses the anatomy
and physiology of the masticatory system in a clinically applicable manner.
The second part focuses on the normal function of the masticatory muscles
and temporomandibular joint. This second part establishes the foundation for
discussing dysfunction of the masticatory system, which is done in Part III. In
Part III, myogenous and arthrogenous disorders are discussed in a scientific,
but at the same time, clinically relevant manner. Finally, in Part IV, the man-
agement of muscle-based conditions and temporomandibular joint as well as
psychosocial considerations in TMD is presented.
This publication provides clinical care providers with information on sev-
eral disciplines including dentistry, medicine, physical therapy, pharmacol-
ogy, and psychology as a comprehensive book on Temporomandibular
Disorders. It is evidence based and at the same time clinically relevant. This
publication should be in the library of every person providing care to patients
with TMD.
Gainesville, FL, USA M. Franklin Dolwick
vii
Preface
When we discussed editing a book devoted to temporomandibular disorders
(TMD), a key question arose. This question revolved around the notion as to
whether or not the community of clinician-scientists needed an additional
resource regarding this condition. There are certainly many well-written
books both currently and historically that have broached this very subject.
Many of the leaders in the field of TMD, much to their credit, have provided
clinician-scientists with excellent resources to enhance their understanding of
the complexities of this disorder. Understanding this and knowing that we
have been lifelong students in this discipline, we decided to provide an evi-
dence-based approach to the understanding, diagnosis, and management of
TMD from a different paradigm. We envisioned the book as though one were
taking a journey and therefore constructed the book to have a beginning, mid-
dle, and end guided by following a translational approach from basic sciences
to clinical applications. We start the book with an exploration of the funda-
mental principles guiding the masticatory system to highlight the importance
and influence of embryology on the masticatory system during function and
dysfunction. We then transition into an in-depth overview of the anatomy and
physiology of this system. This is followed by a comprehensive discussion as
to the normal function of the masticatory system incorporating both muscles
and temporomandibular joints. Now that the reader has gained an apprecia-
tion and understanding for normal we feel confident in presenting details as
to the possible dysfunctions which may arise in the masticatory system.
Management principles ensue, following an evidence-based or best practices
approach, thereby enlightening the clinician-scientist as to the various alter-
natives to be considered when managing this multifactorial condition. The
book concludes with a chapter devoted exclusively to the psychosocial con-
siderations needed to better understand the complexities of the patients’ total
mind and body when confronted with the experience of pain.
Our goal for this book is to aid the novel practitioner in gaining recogni-
tion and an understanding of TMD to better provide assistance and direction
for their patients. We believe the book will also help the experienced practi-
tioner in enhancing their knowledge regarding the intricate mechanisms
involved in the etiopathogenesis of TMD and providing useful insights as to
various scientific-based interventions.
We hope that all who invest the time to read this book appreciate the
importance and relevance of its contents and can envision, as weaved through
our story, how basic science integrates and interplays with clinical
ix
x Preface
applications. Overall, we are all health care providers who have the privilege
and duty to serve our patients who put so much trust in our abilities.
Enjoy!
New Orleans, LA, USA Henry A. Gremillion
New Orleans, LA, USA Gary D. Klasser
Contents
Part I Fundaments and Principles
1 Embryology of the Masticatory System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Ronald C. Auvenshine
2 Anatomy of the Masticatory System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Homer Asadi and Alan Budenz
3 Physiology of the Masticatory System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Greg M. Murray and Christopher C. Peck
Part II Normal Function of the Masticatory System
4 Musculature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
James M. Hawkins, Istvan A. Hargitai,
and A. Dale Ehrlich
5 The Temporomandibular Joint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Istvan A. Hargitai, James M. Hawkins,
and A. Dale Ehrlich
Part III Dysfunction of the Masticatory System
6 Myogenous Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Heidi Crow, Yoly Gonzalez, and Shehryar N. Khawaja
7 Arthrogenous Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
John H. Campbell, Yoly Gonzalez, and Heidi Crow
Part IV Management Principles
8 Muscle-Based Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Steven L. Kraus, Steven D. Bender, and Janey Prodoehl
9 Temporomandibular Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Christopher J. Spencer and John P. Neary
10 Psychosocial Considerations in TMD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Emily J. Bartley, John E. Schmidt Jr, Charles R. Carlson,
and Roger B. Fillingim
xi
Part I
Fundaments and Principles