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Technical reference manual RET 521*2.3 Transformer protection terminal PDF

455 Pages·2001·6.36 MB·English
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Preview Technical reference manual RET 521*2.3 Transformer protection terminal

Technical reference manual RET 521*2.3 Transformer protection terminal Contents Chapter Page Functional description 3 Design description 267 References 303 Index 305 Customer feedback report 309 Example configurations 311 Service Notes 453 2 Functional description The chapter “Functional description”. This chapter describes the functions and logics within protection terminal RET 521. The discription deals with how the functions are designed, how they operate, and their signals and setting parameters. For hardware descriptions refer to the chapter “Design descriptions”. RET 521 terminal functionality............................................................................. 13 Terminal identification ........................................................................................13 General ......................................................................................................... 13 Terminal identification settings......................................................................14 Setting the terminal clock .............................................................................. 14 Displaying terminal identification numbers....................................................15 I/O module identification ...............................................................................15 User configurable module identification ........................................................16 Analog input data ............................................................................................... 16 Setting the phase reference channel ............................................................ 16 Configuration for analog inputs ..................................................................... 17 Setting of current channels ......................................................................18 Setting of voltage channels......................................................................19 Service value report ...................................................................................... 19 Power transformer data...................................................................................... 20 Basic transformer data..................................................................................20 Vector group setting strings ..................................................................... 21 Two winding transformer system .................................................................. 23 Three winding transformer systems..............................................................23 Activation of setting groups ................................................................................ 25 General ......................................................................................................... 25 Internal events....................................................................................................25 Using the built-in HMI.................................................................................... 26 Using front-connected PC or SMS................................................................28 Using SCS ....................................................................................................30 Time synchronization ......................................................................................... 30 System overview...........................................................................................30 Design........................................................................................................... 31 Configuration.................................................................................................31 Setting date and time .................................................................................... 33 Error signals.................................................................................................. 34 TIME-SYNCERR...................................................................................... 34 TIME-RTCERR ........................................................................................35 1MRK 504 016-UEN 3 Functional description CAP 531 terminal diagram for Time function block.......................................36 CAP 531 signal lists for Time function block .................................................37 Setting table for time sources on built-in HMI ...............................................37 Restricted settings..............................................................................................37 General .........................................................................................................37 Installation and setting instructions ...............................................................38 Function block ...............................................................................................39 Inputs and outputs.........................................................................................39 Setting parameters and ranges.....................................................................40 Default configuration .....................................................................................40 Configuration overview.......................................................................................40 Description of configurations..............................................................................43 Configuration 1 (7I + 3U)...............................................................................43 Configuration 2 (2I + 8U)...............................................................................44 Configuration 3 (9I + 1U)...............................................................................44 Configuration No 4 (2x (7I + 3U)) ..................................................................45 Configuration No 5 ([8I+2U]&[9I+1U]) ...........................................................45 Configuration No 5a ([8I+2U]&[9I+1U]) .........................................................46 Configuration No 6 [9I+1U] ...........................................................................46 General functionality.............................................................................................47 Tripping logic (TR)..............................................................................................47 Summary of function .....................................................................................47 Description of logic........................................................................................47 Logic diagram................................................................................................48 Function block ...............................................................................................48 Input and output signals ................................................................................49 Setting parameters and ranges.....................................................................50 Terminal hardware structure (THWS) ................................................................50 Summary of application.................................................................................50 Summary of function .....................................................................................50 Description of logic........................................................................................50 Analogue input module (AIM) ..................................................................50 Binary input module (BIM) .......................................................................51 Binary output module (BOM) ...................................................................51 Input/output module (IOM) .......................................................................51 mA input module (MIM)............................................................................51 Terminal hardware structure (THWS) ......................................................51 Function block ...............................................................................................52 Analogue input module (AIM) ..................................................................52 Binary input module (BIM) .......................................................................55 Binary output module (BOM) ...................................................................56 4 1MRK 504 016-UEN Functional description Input/output module (IOM) .......................................................................57 mA input module (MIM)............................................................................58 Terminal HW structure (THWS) ............................................................... 59 Input and output signals................................................................................ 59 Setting parameters and ranges..................................................................... 61 Service report values .................................................................................... 62 Activation of setting groups (GRP)..................................................................... 65 Summary of function .....................................................................................65 Function block............................................................................................... 66 Input and output signals................................................................................ 66 Blocking during test (TEST) ...............................................................................66 Summary of function .....................................................................................66 Function block............................................................................................... 67 Input and output signals................................................................................ 67 No signal (NONE) ..............................................................................................67 Summary of function .....................................................................................67 Function block............................................................................................... 67 Input and output signals................................................................................ 68 Fixed signals (FIXD)...........................................................................................68 Summary of function .....................................................................................68 Function block............................................................................................... 68 Input and output signals................................................................................ 69 Fourier filter for single phase current (C1P) .......................................................69 Summary of function .....................................................................................69 Function block............................................................................................... 69 Input and output signals................................................................................ 70 Fourier filter for three phase current (C3P) ........................................................70 Summary of function .....................................................................................70 Function block............................................................................................... 70 Input and output signals................................................................................ 71 Sum function for three phase currents (C3C) ....................................................71 Summary of function .....................................................................................71 Function block............................................................................................... 72 Input and output signals................................................................................ 72 Fourier filter for single phase voltage (V1P).......................................................72 Summary of function .....................................................................................72 Function block............................................................................................... 73 Input and output signals................................................................................ 73 1MRK 504 016-UEN 5 Functional description Fourier filter for three phase voltage (V3P) ........................................................73 Summary of function .....................................................................................73 Function block ...............................................................................................74 Input and output signals ................................................................................74 Binary converter (CNV) ......................................................................................74 Summary of function .....................................................................................74 Function block ...............................................................................................77 Input and output signals ................................................................................77 Setting parameters and ranges.....................................................................78 Configurable logic (CL) ......................................................................................78 Summary of application.................................................................................78 Summary of function .....................................................................................78 Description of logic........................................................................................78 General ....................................................................................................78 Inverter (INV) ...........................................................................................79 OR............................................................................................................79 AND .........................................................................................................80 Timer ........................................................................................................80 TimerLong................................................................................................81 Pulse ........................................................................................................81 Set-Reset with memory............................................................................82 MOVE ......................................................................................................82 Function block ...............................................................................................83 Input and output signals ................................................................................86 Setting parameters and ranges.....................................................................89 Command function (CM/CD)..............................................................................90 Summary of application.................................................................................90 Summary of function .....................................................................................90 Description of logic........................................................................................90 General ....................................................................................................90 Single Command function........................................................................91 Multiple Command function .....................................................................91 Communication between terminals ..........................................................91 Function block ...............................................................................................92 Input and output signals ................................................................................93 Setting parameters and ranges.....................................................................94 ......................................................................................................................95 Protection functions .............................................................................................96 Frequency measurement function (FRME) ........................................................96 Summary of application.................................................................................96 Summary of function .....................................................................................97 Measuring principle .......................................................................................98 6 1MRK 504 016-UEN Functional description Logic diagram .............................................................................................104 Function block.............................................................................................105 ....................................................................................................................105 Input and output signals..............................................................................105 Service report values ..................................................................................106 Differential protection (DIFP)............................................................................106 Summary of application ..............................................................................106 Summary of function ...................................................................................107 Measuring principles ...................................................................................109 Some definitions and requirements .......................................................109 Power transformer connection groups ...................................................110 Determination of differential (operate) currents .....................................111 Calculation of fundamental harmonic differential currents .....................111 Power transformer correction factors.....................................................114 Power transformers with On-Load Tap-Changer (OLTC) ......................115 T configuration (Circuit-breaker-and-a-half configuration) .....................116 Instantaneous differential currents.........................................................117 Differential currents due to factors other than faults ..............................117 Elimination of zero-sequence currents from differential currents...........118 Detection of inrush magnetizing currents...............................................121 Detection of inrush .................................................................................123 Detection of overexcitation magnetizing currents ..................................125 Determination of bias current.................................................................126 Determination of bias current in breaker-and-a-half schemes ...............127 Restrained differential protection: operate - bias characteristics ...........127 Unrestrained (instantaneous) differential protection ..............................130 Stability of differential protection against heavy external faults .............130 Transformer differential protection: a summary of principles .................132 Logic diagram ............................................................................................134 Function block.............................................................................................135 Input and output signals..............................................................................136 Setting parameters and ranges...................................................................137 Service value report ....................................................................................137 Three/phase time overcurrent protection (TOC) ..............................................138 Summary of application ..............................................................................138 Summary of function ...................................................................................138 Measuring principles ...................................................................................138 Time characteristics ...............................................................................138 Calculation of IEC inverse delays ..........................................................144 Directional control of overcurrent protection ..........................................145 Logic diagram .............................................................................................148 Function block.............................................................................................149 Input and output signals..............................................................................150 Setting parameters and ranges...................................................................151 Service report values ..................................................................................152 1MRK 504 016-UEN 7 Functional description Restricted earth fault protection (REF).............................................................152 Summary of application...............................................................................152 Summary of function ...................................................................................153 Measuring principles ...................................................................................154 Fundamental principles of the restricted earth fault protection (REF)....154 REF as a Differential Protection.............................................................156 Calculation of Differential Current and Bias Current ..............................157 Detection of External Earth Faults .........................................................158 Algorithm of the restricted earth fault protection (REF) in short .............160 Logic diagram..............................................................................................161 Function block .............................................................................................161 Input and output signals ..............................................................................162 Setting parameter and ranges.....................................................................162 Service report values ..................................................................................162 Earth fault time-current protection (TEF)..........................................................163 Application of function .................................................................................163 Summary of function ...................................................................................164 Measuring principles ...................................................................................165 Non-directional earth fault protection .....................................................165 Logarithmic Curves ................................................................................171 Calculation of IEC inverse delays ..........................................................172 Directional control of the earth fault time current protection (TEF) ........173 Logic diagram..............................................................................................175 Function block .............................................................................................176 Input and output signals ..............................................................................178 Setting parameters and ranges...................................................................179 Service report values ..................................................................................180 Single/three-phase time overvoltage protection (TOV) ....................................180 Summary of application...............................................................................180 Summary of function ...................................................................................180 Measuring principles ...................................................................................181 General on TOV protection ....................................................................181 The three phase overvoltage protection ................................................182 The residual voltage protection..............................................................183 Single input overvoltage protection........................................................184 Logic diagrams...........................................................................................186 Function block .............................................................................................187 Input and output signals ..............................................................................189 Setting parameters and ranges...................................................................190 Service report values ..................................................................................190 Single/three-phase time undervoltage protection (TUV) ..................................190 Summary of application...............................................................................190 Summary of function ...................................................................................191 Measuring principles ...................................................................................191 8 1MRK 504 016-UEN Functional description General ..................................................................................................191 Application of function inputs .................................................................192 Application of function outputs ...............................................................192 Settings ..................................................................................................194 Application of TUV protection function service value.............................194 Function block.............................................................................................194 Input and output signals..............................................................................195 Setting parameters and ranges...................................................................196 Service report values ..................................................................................197 Thermal overload protection (THOL) ...............................................................197 Summary of application ..............................................................................197 Summary of function ...................................................................................198 Measuring principles ...................................................................................199 General ..................................................................................................199 Application of function outputs ...............................................................199 Function service values .........................................................................200 Application of function inputs .................................................................201 Application of inputs G3I and SIDE2W/SIDE3W ...................................202 Logic diagram .............................................................................................203 Function block.............................................................................................203 Input and output signals..............................................................................204 Setting parameters and ranges...................................................................205 Service report values ..................................................................................205 Overexcitation protection (V/Hz) (OVEX).........................................................206 Summary of function ...................................................................................206 Measuring principles ...................................................................................207 General ..................................................................................................207 OVEX variants .......................................................................................209 Operate time of the overexcitation protection. .......................................210 Cooling...................................................................................................214 OVEX protection function service report................................................214 Logic diagram .............................................................................................215 Function block.............................................................................................216 Input and output signals..............................................................................217 Setting parameters and ranges...................................................................218 Service report values ..................................................................................218 Voltage control (VCTR) ....................................................................................219 Summary of function ...................................................................................219 Measuring principles ...................................................................................219 VCTR Operation Mode (i.e. Control Location) .......................................219 Control Mode .........................................................................................219 Measured Quantities..............................................................................220 Voltage control for parallel transformers ................................................221 Manual Control of the parallel group (Adapt Mode) ...............................225 Logic diagram .............................................................................................227 1MRK 504 016-UEN 9

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