Sustainability in the Design, Synthesis and Analysis of Chemical Engineering Processes

409 Pages·2016·26.474 MB·English

by  Gerardo Ruiz Mercado, Heriberto Cabezas

SUSTAINABILITY IN THE
DESIGN, SYNTHESIS
AND ANALYSIS OF
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
PROCESSES
Edited by
GERARDO RUIZ-MERCADO
HERIBERTO CABEZAS
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DEDICATION
To my mother and father, Ana and Gerardo, to my wonderful wife, Carola, to my
daughters, Itzel and Eluney, and to my sisters, Ana M. and Yenis.
Gerardo Ruiz-Mercado
To my parents, Heriberto Cabezas y Cl(cid:1)avelo and Ana Rosa B. Fern(cid:1)andez y Sanchez de
Cabezas, and to my sister, Ana C. Cabezas y Fern(cid:1)andez de Gonzalez, because without
their love and support so many years ago, nothing would have been possible.
Heriberto Cabezas
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
BHAVIK R. BAKSHI
Bhavik R. Bakshi is a Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at
Ohio State University. He also holds appointments in civil, environmental, and
geodetic engineering at Ohio State University and as a Visiting Professor at the Indian
Institute of Technology in Mumbai, India. His research is developing methods and
applications for assessing and designing sustainable systems while taking into account
interactions between technological and ecological systems. He received his chemical
engineering degrees from the University of Bombay and the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (MIT), with a minor in technology and environmental policy from MIT
and Harvard.
BOTOND BERTOK
BotondBertokgraduatedasMasterofEngineeringinInformationTechnologyin
1999attheUniversityofPannonia(UP),Veszprem,Hungary,andgothisPhDinITin
2004.CurrentlyheisassociateprofessorattheFacultyofInformationTechnologyatthe
UP. His research area is development of methods and software for computer-aided
process design and optimization based on mathematical modeling. In the last decade he
has developed courses and educational programs on process modeling and optimization
including a graduate specialization program on supply chain optimization in the petro-
leumindustryincooperationwithMOL,theHungarianoilandgascompany.Hehasled
numerous R&D projects resulting in software for improving efficacy, safety, and sus-
tainability of complex production systems, logistic networks, and supply chains. He has
more than 120 international publications and more than 380 citations according to
Google Scholar.
NAVDEEP BHADBHADE
Navdeep Bhadbhade has a master’s degree from Wayne State University. Before
joining the master’s degree program he earned his Bachelor’s degree in Chemical
EngineeringfromtheUniversityofPune(India).Hisresearchinterestsaremathematical
modeling,simulation,optimization,andprocesscontrolfordynamicprocessesincluding
electroplating processes.
j
xiii
xiv AbouttheAuthors
DEBANGSU BHATTACHARYYA
Professor Bhattacharyya is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of
Chemical Engineering at West Virginia University. Prior to this appointment he spent
3years as a Research Associate Professor at West Virginia University and more than
10years in the Refineries Division of Indian Oil Corporation Limited. His broad
research interests are in the area of process systems engineering.
ProfessorBhattacharyyareceivedhisPhDinChemicalEngineeringfromtheClarkson
University, New York, in 2008. He has published more than 50 research papers and
authored/coauthored more than 130 international presentations and 50 posters. He is a
coauthorofthepopularchemicalengineeringdesignbookAnalysis,Synthesis,andDesign
ofChemicalProcesses.Heisamemberoftheprestigious2015R&D100(widelyrecognized
as the “Oscars of Invention”) winning team in the Software/Services category.
ANA CARVALHO
Ana Isabel Carvalho obtained her degree in Chemical Engineering in 2005. In
2009 she finished her PhD in Chemical Engineering. She is currently an Assistant
Professor at Instituto Superior Técnico in Portugal. She is aresearcher at theCentre for
ManagementStudiesofInstitutoSuperiorTécnico(CEG-IST).Herresearchinterestsare
related to sustainability, more specifically applied to process design and retrofit. She has
also been working in sustainable supply chains, definition assessment, and optimization.
Life cycle assessment for environmental and social evaluation are also on her research
work. She has published several papers in peer-reviewed international journals and has
extensively presented her work at national and international conferences. She has been
awarded several national and international awards in pedagogical and scientific activities
(e.g., Sustainable Engineering Forum Student Paper AwardeAIChE).
DAVID J.C. CONSTABLE
David J.C. Constable is the Director of the American Chemical Society’s Green
(cid:1)
ChemistryInstitute .Inthisroleheworkstocatalyzeandenabletheimplementationof
green chemistry and engineering throughout the global chemistry enterprise. David has
workedinavarietyofindustrialpositionsinaerospaceanddefense,pharmaceuticals,and
thechemical industry. Inthose roles he haslargely beeninvolved inassisting companies
with the development and implementation of programs, systems, tools, and methodol-
ogiesthatintegratedsustainability,lifecycleinventoryassessment,greenchemistry,green
technology,energy,andenvironmental,healthandsafetyactivitiesintoexistingbusiness
processes.
AbouttheAuthors xv
URMILA DIWEKAR
Dr. Urmila Diwekar is currently the President of the Vishwamitra Research
Institute(VRI,www.vri-custom.org),anonprofitresearchorganizationthatshefounded
in 2004 to pursue multidisciplinary research in the areas of optimization under uncer-
tainty and computer-aided design applied to energy, environment, and sustainability.
From2002to2004shewasaProfessorintheDepartmentsofChemicalEngineering,Bio
Engineering,andIndustrialEngineering,andintheInstituteforEnvironmentalScience
and Policy, at the University of Illinois at Chicago. From 1991 to 2002 she was on the
faculty of the Carnegie Mellon University. She is the author of more than 155 peer-
reviewedresearchpapers,hasgivenover325presentationsandseminars,andhaschaired
numerous sessions in national and international meetings. She has been the principal
adviser to 40 PhD and MS students, and has advised 13 postdoctoral fellows and
researchers.
MAHMOUD M. EL-HALWAGI
Dr.MahmoudM.El-HalwagiistheMcFerrinProfessorofChemicalEngineering
at Texas A&M University. He received his PhD in Chemical Engineering from the
University of California, Los Angeles, and his MS and BS from Cairo University.
Dr. El-Halwagi has about 30years of experience in the areas of process integration,
sustainable design, and optimization. He has served as a consultant to a wide variety of
gas, fuel, chemical, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical industries. He is the coauthor of
about200papersand60bookchapters.Heisalsotheauthor/coauthor/coeditorofnine
booksincludingthreetextbooksonsustainableprocessdesignandintegration.Heisthe
recipient of several awards including the American Institute of Chemical Engineers
SustainableEngineering Forum(AIChESEF) Research ExcellenceAward,theDuPont
Excellence Award in Safety, Health and the Environment, and the National Science
Foundation’s National Young Investigator Award.
MICHAEL GONZALEZ
Michael is currently Chief of the Systems Analysis Branch in the US Environ-
mental Protection Agency’s (US EPA’s) Office of Research and Development. His
branch conducts life cycle assessment, impact assessment, and sustainable chemistry
research.MichaelhasalsoservedastheSeniorAdvisorofGreenChemistrytotheOffice
of Research and Development (ORD) and was responsible for integrating green
chemistry and engineering into ORD’s research portfolio.
Michael’s research interests focus on the design of green chemical synthesis routes,
withan emphasis on theintersection of chemistry and chemicalengineering.Michael is
xvi AbouttheAuthors
also a coinventor and developer of the Environmental Protection Agency GREEN-
SCOPEtool,whichevaluatesachemicalprocessforitssustainabilityvalueintheareasof
environment, efficiency, energy, and economics.
Michael earned his BS in Chemistry from the University of TexaseEl Paso in 1992
andhisPhDinInorganicChemistryfromtheUniversityofFloridain1998.Michaelhas
published several articles in the areas of sustainability, green chemistry and engineering,
and sustainability indicators for chemical processes.
ANTHONY HALOG
Dr. Anthony Halog is a Lecturer in Industrial Ecology at the University of
Queensland, Australia. His research focuses on the sustainability of the humanenature
complexitythroughunderstandingthenexusofmaterialandenergysystems.Dr.Halog
is interested in the life cycle of manufactured goods and, ultimately, wastesdand in the
environmental benefits and economic potential of circular and green economy. His
Research Group in Industrial Ecology and Circular Economy at the University of
Queensland endeavors to provide service/expertise for industry clients in transforming
existing linear system-based value chains and operations toward circularity, which en-
hances their resource efficiency and productivity, creates added value products from
wastes, and reduces their emissions into the environment for more sustainable con-
sumption and production in the future.
ISTVA(cid:1)N HECKL
Istv(cid:1)an Heckl studied Information Technologies at the University of Pannonia in
Veszprém, Hungary. He got his PhD with the supervision of Professor Ferenc Friedler
in2007.HeworksasanassociateprofessorattheUniversityofPannonia.Heisalecturer
in the subjects of C programming, C++ programming, and elements of the theory of
computation,amongothers.Hewasthesupervisorof11BScandMScthesesandisthe
leader of several research and development projects. For example, the ProdSim project
developed a product pipeline simulator to MOL (the major Hungarian oil company).
ProdSim is capable of validating the short-term scheduling of the pipelines. As a result,
planningperiodscouldbeincreasedfrom5to6daystouptoamonth.Hisresearcharea
includesprocesssynthesis,optimization,separationnetworksynthesis,andsustainability.
YINLUN HUANG
Dr. Yinlun Huang is a Professor of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
at Wayne State University, where he directs the Laboratory for Multiscale Complex
AbouttheAuthors xvii
Systems Science and Engineering. His research has been mainly focused on the
fundamental study of multiscale complex systems science and sustainability science,
with applied study on engineering sustainability, including sustainable nanomaterial
development, integrated design of sustainable product and process systems, and
manufacturing sustainability. Dr. Huang is currently directing the National Science
Foundationefunded Sustainable Manufacturing Advances in Research and Tech-
nology Coordination Network (SMART CN), which involves many domestic and
foreign universities and national organizations and university centers. Among many
honors, Dr. Huang was a recipient of the Michigan Green Chemistry Governor’s
Award in 2009, the AIChE Research Excellence in Sustainable Engineering Award in
2010, and the NASF Scientific Achievement Award in 2013. He is an elected AIChE
Fellow.
YUAN JIANG
Ms Jiang is currently a graduate research assistant and PhD candidate of the
DepartmentofChemicalEngineeringatWestVirginiaUniversity,workingontechno-
economic analysis of coal biomass to liquids plants with carbon capture and storage and
sustainable process design. Before that she received her BS degree in Chemical Engi-
neering from the East China University of Science and Technology. Jiang’s research
focuses on energy conversion and process systems engineering, including unit and
system-level simulation, design, analysis, and optimization of processes utilizing coal
biomass and shale gas/natural gas.
CONCEPCIO(cid:1)N “CONCHITA” JIMÉNEZ-GONZA(cid:1)LEZ
Dr. Concepcio(cid:1)n Jiménez-Gonz(cid:1)alez is a Program Lead for Global Manufacturing
and Supply at GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). Prior to this role, she had a series of roles of
increasingresponsibility,includingDirectorofNewProductDevelopmentandDirector
of Operational Sustainability, among others. She has lived and worked in Mexico, the
UnitedKingdom,andtheUnitedStates.BeforeGSKsheworkedforGeoEnvironmental
Consultants, Instituto Tecnolo(cid:1)gico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM)
(Mexico), and as a visiting researcher at Pfizer.
In addition to her job at GSK she is an adjunct professor in Chemical and Biomol-
ecular Engineering at North Carolina State University (NCSU), and serves on the
Governing Board of the American Chemistry Society’s Green Chemistry Institute.
She holds a PhD in Chemical Engineering from NCSU, an MS in Environmental
EngineeringfromITESM,Mexico,andaBSinChemicalandIndustrialEngineeringat
the Chihuahua Institute of Technology, Mexico.
xviii AbouttheAuthors
PARASKEVI KARKA
Paraskevi Karka graduated from the National Technical University of Athens
(NTUA), School of Chemical Engineering, in 2006. Currently, she is a PhD
candidate at the NTUA, School of Chemical Engineering in the Department of
Process Analysis and Plant Design. She holds two MSc degrees in the fields of Energy
Production and Management (School of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
NTUA, 2010) and in Systems of Energy and Environmental Management (School of
Chemical Engineering, NTUA, and Department of Industrial Management of the
University of Piraeus, 2010). Her research interests include life cycle analysis and
sustainability assessment of industrial processes. She has participated in various national
and European research projects related to biomass utilization processes and the design
of biorefineries.
YASUNORI KIKUCHI
Yasunori Kikuchi is a project associate professor, Presidential Endowed Chair for
the “Platinum Society” and Department of Chemical System Engineering at the Uni-
versity of Tokyo (UTokyo),Tokyo, Japan. He is concurrently a visiting associate pro-
fessoratChibaUniversityinKashiwa,Japan,avisitingscholar,InternationalInstitutefor
Carbon-NeutralEnergyResearchatKyushuUniversityinFukuoka,Japan,andaproject
fellow at the Center for Research and Development Strategy in the Japan Science and
Technology Agency in Tokyo. He received a PhD degree from the Department of
Chemical System Engineering at UTokyo. He has been honored by the Society of
Chemical Engineers, Japan Award for Outstanding Young Researcher (2016) and the
Institute of Life Cycle Assessment, Japan Award for Outstanding Paper (2011).
ANTONIS KOKOSSIS
Dr.Kokossis,FIChemE,FIEE,FRSA,andFIET,isaProfessorofProcessSystems
Engineering at the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA). He holds a
Diploma in Chemical Engineering from NTUAand a PhDfrom Princeton University.
He has expertise in process systems design and integration, renewable energy systems,
polygeneration, biorefineries, and industrial symbiosis. His research has addressed the
designofmultiphasereactors,complexseparationandreactive-separationsystems,energy
and power networks, and environmental problems across a wide spectrum of app-
lications. He holds 142 communications in international conferences, 129 publications
in peer-reviewed journals, and 41 invited lectures in conferences at universities and
multinational companies. He is a National Representative of the International Energy
AbouttheAuthors xix
Agency,theGreekSecretaryforResearchandTechnologyinClimateChange,andthe
Computer Aided Process Engineering Group at the European Federation of Chemical
Engineering.
SHUYUN LI
Shuyun received her BSdegree from Northeast Petroleum University in 2007 and
MSdegreefromtheChinaUniversityofPetroleumin2010,bothinChemicalEngineering.
Upon her master’s degree graduation, she worked as a process engineer at Beijing
Petrochemical Engineering Co., Ltd. on simulation and design of refinery processes
from2010to2013.SheiscurrentlypursuingaPhDdegreeinChemicalEngineeringatWest
Virginia University. Her research mainly focuses on integrating advanced process control
withsustainabilityassessmenttoolsforoptimizationandevaluationofenergysystems.
FERNANDO V. LIMA
Dr. Lima joined the faculty as an Assistant Professor of Chemical Engineering at
WestVirginiaUniversityin2013.Hisresearchinterestsareintheareasofprocessdesign
and optimization, advanced control and state estimation, emerging energy systems, and
sustainability. His current research focuses on modeling, optimization, and control of
advanced energy plants for maximized efficiency and sustainability.
He received his BS degree from the University of S~ao Paulo in 2003 and his PhD
from Tufts Universityin 2007,both in Chemical Engineering.Upon completionof his
PhD he was a Research Associate at the University of WisconsineMadison and a
Postdoctoral Associate at the University of Minnesota. Dr. Lima has authored and
coauthored numerous publications and presentations in process systems engineering,
energy, and sustainability.
LE QUYEN LUU
Ms Quyen Luu is a 5-year experienced researcher of sustainable energy devel-
opment from the Institute of Energy Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and
Technology.Quyendidhermaster’sonEnvironmentManagementattheUniversityof
Queensland, Australia, with the support from an Australia Awards Scholarship. She got
the Dean’s Commendation for her achievements during her study, and received the
Young Southeast Asian Leaders Initiative scholarship to work with the US local gov-
ernment on their environmental sustainability programs. Quyen participated in several
projects of bringing equity in energy access to disadvantaged people, and developing a
renewable energy mix for isolated areas. She is now working on the upscaling of