Supersymmetry, Supergravity, and Unification PDF
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SUPERSYMMETRY, SUPERGRAVITY, AND UNIFICATION This unique book gives a modern account of particle physics and gravity based on supersymmetry and supergravity, two of the most significant developments in theoretical physics since general relativity. It begins with a brief overview of the history of unification and then goes into a detailed exposition of both fundamental and phenomenological topics. The topics in fundamental physics include Einstein gravity, Yang–Mills theory, anomalies, the standard model, supersymmetry,andsupergravityandtheconstructionofsupergravitycouplings with matter and gauge fields as well as computational techniques for SO(10) couplings. The topics of phenomenological interest include implications of supergravity models at colliders, CP violation, and proton stability, as well as topics in cosmology such as inflation, leptogenesis, baryogenesis, and dark matter. The book is intended for graduate students and researchers seeking to master the techniques for building unified models. pran nathisMatthewsUniversityDistinguishedProfessorofPhysicsatNorth- easternUniversityinBoston.Hehasmadepioneeringcontributionstothedevel- opment of supergravity theory and its applications to particle physics including the mSUGRA model. He has also contributed to the development of effective Lagrangian methods, pion physics, current algebra, solving the U(1) problem, dark matter and proton stability in unified models. He is the founding chair of the Supersymmetry and Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY) con- ference and the Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS) symposium. He is a Fellow of both the American Physical Society and of the American Associa- tion for the Advancement of Science, and a recipient of the Humboldt Prize in physics. CAMBRIDGE MONOGRAPHS ON MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS General Editors: P. V. Landshoff, D. R. Nelson, S. Weinberg S.J.AarsethGravitational N-BodySimulations: ToolsandAlgorithms† J.Ambjørn,B.DurhuusandT.JonssonQuantumGeometry:AStatistical FieldTheory Approach† A.M.AnileRelativistic FluidsandMagneto-fluids:WithApplications inAstrophysics and PlasmaPhysics J.A.deAzc´arragaandJ.M.IzquierdoLieGroups,LieAlgebras,Cohomology andSome Applications inPhysics† O.Babelon,D.BernardandM.TalonIntroduction toClassical IntegrableSystems† F.BastianelliandP.vanNieuwenhuizenPathIntegralsandAnomaliesinCurvedSpace† D.BaumannandL.McAllisterInflation andStringTheory V.BelinskiandE.VerdaguerGravitational Solitons† J.BernsteinKineticTheoryintheExpandingUniverse† G.F.BertschandR.A.BrogliaOscillationsinFiniteQuantumSystems† N.D.BirrellandP.C.W.DaviesQuantumFieldsinCurvedSpace† K.Bolejko,A.Krasin´ski,C.HellabyandM-N.C´el´erierStructuresintheUniversebyExact Methods: Formation,Evolution,Interactions D.M.BrinkSemi-Classical Methods forNucleus-NucleusScattering† M.BurgessClassical CovariantFields† E.A.CalzettaandB.-L.B.HuNonequilibriumQuantumFieldTheory S.CarlipQuantumGravityin2+1Dimensions† P.CartierandC.DeWitt-MoretteFunctionalIntegration:ActionandSymmetries† J.C.CollinsRenormalization: AnIntroduction toRenormalization, theRenormalization Group andtheOperator-Product Expansion† P.D.B.CollinsAnIntroduction toReggeTheoryandHighEnergyPhysics† M.CreutzQuarks,GluonsandLattices† P.D.D’EathSupersymmetricQuantumCosmology† J.Derezin˜skiandC.G´erardMathematics ofQuantization andQuantumFields F.deFeliceandD.BiniClassicalMeasurements inCurvedSpace-Times F.deFeliceandC.J.SClarkeRelativityonCurvedManifolds† B.DeWittSupermanifolds, 2nd edition† P.G.O.FreundIntroduction toSupersymmetry† F.G.FriedlanderTheWaveEquationonaCurvedSpace-Time† J.L.FriedmanandN.StergioulasRotatingRelativistic Stars Y.FrishmanandJ.SonnenscheinNon-PerturbativeFieldTheory:FromTwoDimensional Conformal FieldTheory toQCDinFourDimensions J.A.FuchsAffineLieAlgebrasandQuantumGroups: AnIntroduction, withApplications in Conformal FieldTheory† J.FuchsandC.SchweigertSymmetries,LieAlgebrasandRepresentations: AGraduateCourse forPhysicists† Y.FujiiandK.MaedaTheScalar-TensorTheoryofGravitation† J.A.H.Futterman,F.A.Handler,R.A.MatznerScatteringfromBlackHoles† A.S.Galperin,E.A.Ivanov,V.I.OgievetskyandE.S.SokatchevHarmonicSuperspace† R.GambiniandJ.PullinLoops, Knots,GaugeTheories andQuantumGravity† T.GannonMoonshinebeyondtheMonster:TheBridgeConnectingAlgebra,ModularFormsand Physics† M.Go¨ckelerandT.Schu¨ckerDifferentialGeometry,GaugeTheories,andGravity† C.Go´mez,M.Ruiz-AltabaandG.SierraQuantumGroups inTwo-Dimensional Physics† M.B.Green,J.H.SchwarzandE.WittenSuperstringTheoryVolume1:Introduction M.B.Green,J.H.SchwarzandE.WittenSuperstringTheoryVolume2:LoopAmplitudes, AnomaliesandPhenomenology V.N.GribovTheTheoryofComplexAngularMomenta:GribovLecturesonTheoretical Physics† J.B.GriffithsandJ.Podolsky´ExactSpace-Times inEinstein’sGeneralRelativity† S.W.HawkingandG.F.R.EllisTheLargeScaleStructureofSpace-Time† F.IachelloandA.ArimaTheInteractingBosonModel† F.IachelloandP.vanIsackerTheInteractingBoson-FermionModel† C.ItzyksonandJ.M.DrouffeStatisticalFieldTheoryVolume1:FromBrownian Motionto Renormalization andLatticeGaugeTheory† C.ItzyksonandJ.M.DrouffeStatistical FieldTheoryVolume2:StrongCoupling,MonteCarlo Methods, Conformal FieldTheory andRandom Systems† G.JaroszkiewiczPrinciplesofDiscreteTimeMechanics C.V.JohnsonD-Branes† P.S.JoshiGravitational CollapseandSpacetime Singularities† J.I.KapustaandC.GaleFinite-Temperature FieldTheory:PrinciplesandApplications, 2nd edition† V.E.Korepin,N.M.BogoliubovandA.G.IzerginQuantumInverseScatteringMethodand Correlation Functions† J.KroonConformal Methods inGeneralRelativity M.LeBellacThermalFieldTheory† Y.MakeenkoMethods ofContemporary GaugeTheory† N.MantonandP.SutcliffeTopological Solitons† N.H.MarchLiquidMetals:Concepts andTheory† I.MontvayandG.Mu¨nsterQuantumFieldsonaLattice† P.NathSupersymmetry,Supergravity,andUnification L.O’RaifeartaighGroupStructureofGaugeTheories† T.Ort´ınGravityandStrings,2nd edition T.Ort´ınGravityandStrings A.M.OzoriodeAlmeidaHamiltonian Systems:Chaos andQuantization† L.ParkerandD.TomsQuantumFieldTheoryinCurvedSpacetime:QuantizedFieldsand Gravity R.PenroseandW.RindlerSpinorsandSpace-Time Volume1:Two-SpinorCalculusand Relativistic Fields† R.PenroseandW.RindlerSpinorsandSpace-Time Volume2:SpinorandTwistor Methods in Space-Time Geometry† S.PokorskiGaugeFieldTheories,2nd edition† J.PolchinskiStringTheoryVolume1:AnIntroduction totheBosonicString† J.PolchinskiStringTheoryVolume2:SuperstringTheoryandBeyond† J.C.PolkinghorneModels ofHighEnergyProcesses† V.N.PopovFunctionalIntegrals andCollectiveExcitations† L.V.ProkhorovandS.V.ShabanovHamiltonian Mechanics ofGaugeSystems S.RaychaudhuriandK.SridharParticlePhysicsofBraneWorldsandExtraDimensions A.RecknagelandV.SchiomerusBoundary Conformal FieldTheory andtheWorldsheet ApproachtoD-Branes R.J.RiversPathIntegralMethods inQuantumFieldTheory† R.G.RobertsTheStructureoftheProton:DeepInelasticScattering† C.RovelliQuantumGravity† W.C.SaslawGravitational PhysicsofStellarandGalacticSystems† R.N.SenCausality,Measurement TheoryandtheDifferentiableStructureofSpace-Time M.ShifmanandA.YungSupersymmetricSolitons H.Stephani,D.Kramer,M.MacCallum,C.HoenselaersandE.HerltExactSolutionsof Einstein’sFieldEquations,2nd edition† J.StewartAdvancedGeneralRelativity† J.C.TaylorGaugeTheoriesofWeakInteractions† T.ThiemannModernCanonical QuantumGeneralRelativity† D.J.TomsTheSchwingerActionPrincipleandEffectiveAction† A.VilenkinandE.P.S.ShellardCosmic StringsandOtherTopological Defects† R.S.WardandR.O.Wells,JrTwistor GeometryandFieldTheory† E.J.WeinbergClassical SolutionsinQuantumFieldTheory:Solitons andInstantons inHigh EnergyPhysics J.R.WilsonandG.J.MathewsRelativistic NumericalHydrodynamics† † Availableinpaperback Supersymmetry, Supergravity, and Unification PRAN NATH Northeastern University, Boston UniversityPrintingHouse,CambridgeCB28BS,UnitedKingdom OneLibertyPlaza,20thFloor,NewYork,ny10006,USA 477WilliamstownRoad,PortMelbourne,vic3207,Australia 4843/24,2ndFloor,AnsariRoad,Daryaganj,Delhi 110002,India 79AnsonRoad,#0604/06,Singapore079906 CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learningandresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9780521197021 (cid:2)c PranNath2017 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2017 PrintedintheUnitedKingdombyClays,StIvesplc A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Names:PranNath,1939–author. Title:Supersymmetry,supergravity,andunification/PranNath, NortheasternUniversity,Boston. Othertitles:Cambridgemonographsonmathematicalphysics. Description:Cambridge,UnitedKingdom; NewYork,NY:CambridgeUniversityPress,[2017]| Series:Cambridgemonographsonmathematicalphysics| Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. Identifiers:LCCN2016026402| ISBN9780521197021(hardback;alk.paper)| ISBN0521197023(hardback;alk.paper) Subjects:LCSH:Supersymmetry.|Supergravity.|Unifiedfieldtheories. Classification:LCCQC174.17.S9P732017|DDC530.14/23–dc23 LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2016026402 ISBN978-0-521-19702-1Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof URLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredtointhispublication, anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchwebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. SUPERSYMMETRY, SUPERGRAVITY, AND UNIFICATION This unique book gives a modern account of particle physics and gravity based on supersymmetry and supergravity, two of the most significant developments in theoretical physics since general relativity. It begins with a brief overview of the history of unification and then goes into a detailed exposition of both fundamental and phenomenological topics. The topics in fundamental physics include Einstein gravity, Yang–Mills theory, anomalies, the standard model, supersymmetry,andsupergravityandtheconstructionofsupergravitycouplings with matter and gauge fields as well as computational techniques for SO(10) couplings. The topics of phenomenological interest include implications of supergravity models at colliders, CP violation, and proton stability, as well as topics in cosmology such as inflation, leptogenesis, baryogenesis, and dark matter. The book is intended for graduate students and researchers seeking to master the techniques for building unified models. pran nathisMatthewsUniversityDistinguishedProfessorofPhysicsatNorth- easternUniversityinBoston.Hehasmadepioneeringcontributionstothedevel- opment of supergravity theory and its applications to particle physics including the mSUGRA model. He has also contributed to the development of effective Lagrangian methods, pion physics, current algebra, solving the U(1) problem, dark matter and proton stability in unified models. He is the founding chair of the Supersymmetry and Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY) con- ference and the Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS) symposium. He is a Fellow of both the American Physical Society and of the American Associa- tion for the Advancement of Science, and a recipient of the Humboldt Prize in physics. CAMBRIDGE MONOGRAPHS ON MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS General Editors: P. V. Landshoff, D. R. Nelson, S. Weinberg S.J.AarsethGravitational N-BodySimulations: ToolsandAlgorithms† J.Ambjørn,B.DurhuusandT.JonssonQuantumGeometry:AStatistical FieldTheory Approach† A.M.AnileRelativistic FluidsandMagneto-fluids:WithApplications inAstrophysics and PlasmaPhysics J.A.deAzc´arragaandJ.M.IzquierdoLieGroups,LieAlgebras,Cohomology andSome Applications inPhysics† O.Babelon,D.BernardandM.TalonIntroduction toClassical IntegrableSystems† F.BastianelliandP.vanNieuwenhuizenPathIntegralsandAnomaliesinCurvedSpace† D.BaumannandL.McAllisterInflation andStringTheory V.BelinskiandE.VerdaguerGravitational Solitons† J.BernsteinKineticTheoryintheExpandingUniverse† G.F.BertschandR.A.BrogliaOscillationsinFiniteQuantumSystems† N.D.BirrellandP.C.W.DaviesQuantumFieldsinCurvedSpace† K.Bolejko,A.Krasin´ski,C.HellabyandM-N.C´el´erierStructuresintheUniversebyExact Methods: Formation,Evolution,Interactions D.M.BrinkSemi-Classical Methods forNucleus-NucleusScattering† M.BurgessClassical CovariantFields† E.A.CalzettaandB.-L.B.HuNonequilibriumQuantumFieldTheory S.CarlipQuantumGravityin2+1Dimensions† P.CartierandC.DeWitt-MoretteFunctionalIntegration:ActionandSymmetries† J.C.CollinsRenormalization: AnIntroduction toRenormalization, theRenormalization Group andtheOperator-Product Expansion† P.D.B.CollinsAnIntroduction toReggeTheoryandHighEnergyPhysics† M.CreutzQuarks,GluonsandLattices† P.D.D’EathSupersymmetricQuantumCosmology† J.Derezin˜skiandC.G´erardMathematics ofQuantization andQuantumFields F.deFeliceandD.BiniClassicalMeasurements inCurvedSpace-Times F.deFeliceandC.J.SClarkeRelativityonCurvedManifolds† B.DeWittSupermanifolds, 2nd edition† P.G.O.FreundIntroduction toSupersymmetry† F.G.FriedlanderTheWaveEquationonaCurvedSpace-Time† J.L.FriedmanandN.StergioulasRotatingRelativistic Stars Y.FrishmanandJ.SonnenscheinNon-PerturbativeFieldTheory:FromTwoDimensional Conformal FieldTheory toQCDinFourDimensions J.A.FuchsAffineLieAlgebrasandQuantumGroups: AnIntroduction, withApplications in Conformal FieldTheory† J.FuchsandC.SchweigertSymmetries,LieAlgebrasandRepresentations: AGraduateCourse forPhysicists† Y.FujiiandK.MaedaTheScalar-TensorTheoryofGravitation† J.A.H.Futterman,F.A.Handler,R.A.MatznerScatteringfromBlackHoles† A.S.Galperin,E.A.Ivanov,V.I.OgievetskyandE.S.SokatchevHarmonicSuperspace† R.GambiniandJ.PullinLoops, Knots,GaugeTheories andQuantumGravity† T.GannonMoonshinebeyondtheMonster:TheBridgeConnectingAlgebra,ModularFormsand Physics† M.Go¨ckelerandT.Schu¨ckerDifferentialGeometry,GaugeTheories,andGravity† C.Go´mez,M.Ruiz-AltabaandG.SierraQuantumGroups inTwo-Dimensional Physics† M.B.Green,J.H.SchwarzandE.WittenSuperstringTheoryVolume1:Introduction M.B.Green,J.H.SchwarzandE.WittenSuperstringTheoryVolume2:LoopAmplitudes, AnomaliesandPhenomenology V.N.GribovTheTheoryofComplexAngularMomenta:GribovLecturesonTheoretical Physics† J.B.GriffithsandJ.Podolsky´ExactSpace-Times inEinstein’sGeneralRelativity† S.W.HawkingandG.F.R.EllisTheLargeScaleStructureofSpace-Time† F.IachelloandA.ArimaTheInteractingBosonModel† F.IachelloandP.vanIsackerTheInteractingBoson-FermionModel† C.ItzyksonandJ.M.DrouffeStatisticalFieldTheoryVolume1:FromBrownian Motionto Renormalization andLatticeGaugeTheory† C.ItzyksonandJ.M.DrouffeStatistical FieldTheoryVolume2:StrongCoupling,MonteCarlo Methods, Conformal FieldTheory andRandom Systems† G.JaroszkiewiczPrinciplesofDiscreteTimeMechanics C.V.JohnsonD-Branes† P.S.JoshiGravitational CollapseandSpacetime Singularities† J.I.KapustaandC.GaleFinite-Temperature FieldTheory:PrinciplesandApplications, 2nd edition† V.E.Korepin,N.M.BogoliubovandA.G.IzerginQuantumInverseScatteringMethodand Correlation Functions† J.KroonConformal Methods inGeneralRelativity M.LeBellacThermalFieldTheory† Y.MakeenkoMethods ofContemporary GaugeTheory† N.MantonandP.SutcliffeTopological Solitons† N.H.MarchLiquidMetals:Concepts andTheory† I.MontvayandG.Mu¨nsterQuantumFieldsonaLattice† P.NathSupersymmetry,Supergravity,andUnification L.O’RaifeartaighGroupStructureofGaugeTheories† T.Ort´ınGravityandStrings,2nd edition T.Ort´ınGravityandStrings A.M.OzoriodeAlmeidaHamiltonian Systems:Chaos andQuantization† L.ParkerandD.TomsQuantumFieldTheoryinCurvedSpacetime:QuantizedFieldsand Gravity R.PenroseandW.RindlerSpinorsandSpace-Time Volume1:Two-SpinorCalculusand Relativistic Fields† R.PenroseandW.RindlerSpinorsandSpace-Time Volume2:SpinorandTwistor Methods in Space-Time Geometry† S.PokorskiGaugeFieldTheories,2nd edition† J.PolchinskiStringTheoryVolume1:AnIntroduction totheBosonicString† J.PolchinskiStringTheoryVolume2:SuperstringTheoryandBeyond† J.C.PolkinghorneModels ofHighEnergyProcesses† V.N.PopovFunctionalIntegrals andCollectiveExcitations† L.V.ProkhorovandS.V.ShabanovHamiltonian Mechanics ofGaugeSystems S.RaychaudhuriandK.SridharParticlePhysicsofBraneWorldsandExtraDimensions A.RecknagelandV.SchiomerusBoundary Conformal FieldTheory andtheWorldsheet ApproachtoD-Branes R.J.RiversPathIntegralMethods inQuantumFieldTheory† R.G.RobertsTheStructureoftheProton:DeepInelasticScattering† C.RovelliQuantumGravity† W.C.SaslawGravitational PhysicsofStellarandGalacticSystems† R.N.SenCausality,Measurement TheoryandtheDifferentiableStructureofSpace-Time M.ShifmanandA.YungSupersymmetricSolitons H.Stephani,D.Kramer,M.MacCallum,C.HoenselaersandE.HerltExactSolutionsof Einstein’sFieldEquations,2nd edition† J.StewartAdvancedGeneralRelativity† J.C.TaylorGaugeTheoriesofWeakInteractions† T.ThiemannModernCanonical QuantumGeneralRelativity† D.J.TomsTheSchwingerActionPrincipleandEffectiveAction† A.VilenkinandE.P.S.ShellardCosmic StringsandOtherTopological Defects† R.S.WardandR.O.Wells,JrTwistor GeometryandFieldTheory† E.J.WeinbergClassical SolutionsinQuantumFieldTheory:Solitons andInstantons inHigh EnergyPhysics J.R.WilsonandG.J.MathewsRelativistic NumericalHydrodynamics† † Availableinpaperback
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