Study Guide for Fundamentals of Nursing The Art and Science of Nursing Care

434 Pages·2011·2.42 MB·English

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Seventh Edition
CAROL R. TAYLOR, PhD, MSN, RN
Center for Clinical Bioethics
Professor of Nursing
Georgetown University
Washington, DC
CAROL LILLIS, MSN, RN
Faculty Emerita, Assistant to the Provost
Delaware County Community College
Media, Pennsylvania
PRISCILLA LeMONE, DSN, RN, FAAN
Associate Professor Emerita, Sinclair School of Nursing
University of Missouri
Columbia, Missouri
Adjunct Associate Professor, College of Nursing
Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio
PAMELA LYNN, MSN, RN
Instructor
School of Nursing
Gwynedd-Mercy College
Gwynedd Valley, Pennsylvania
MARILEE LeBON, BA
Editor/Writer
Brigantine, New Jersey
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7th Edition
Copyright © 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Copyright © 2008, 2005, 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved. This book
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Printed in the United States of America.
ISBN: 978-0-7817-9386-5
Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe
generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for
errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and
make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy
of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation
remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments described and
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PPrreeffaaccee
Marilee LeBon, in close consultation with the DEVELOPING YOUR
authors of the seventh edition of Fundamentals KNOWLEDGE BASE
of Nursing: The Art and Science of Nursing Care,
has carefully developed this Study Guide. We
These exercises group similar types of questions
recognize that beginning students in nursing
together to help you learn the information in a
must learn an enormous amount of information
variety of formats. The types of questions
and skills in a short period of time. The Study
included follow the same format in each Study
Guide is structured to help you integrate the
Guide chapter, but not every type of question is
knowledge you have gained and begin to apply it
used in each chapter. The format includes:
to the practice of nursing. To help you accomplish
this goal, the following types of exercises are ■ Fill-in-the-Blanks
provided in each chapter of the Study Guide. ■ Identification Questions
■ Matching Exercises
■ Correct the False Statements
PRACTICING FOR NCLEX ■ Short Answer
Multiple Choice Questions:Each chapter contains a
APPLYING YOUR KNOWLEDGE
section of multiple choice questions presented in
the NCLEX-RN exam format.
Alternate-Format Questions:The alternate- These questions challenge you to reflect on the
format-style questions for the NCLEX-RN exam critical thinking and blended skills developed in
include the types of questions described below. the classroom and apply them to your own
Several of these types are provided in each practice of the art and science of nursing care.
chapter to help you become familiar with this
■ Critical Thinking Questions: these questions
NCLEX format. They are:
offer an exciting and practical means to
■ Multiple Response Questions: questions with a challenge the assumptions you bring to
detailed stem that require you to select more nursing and to “stretch” your application of
than 1 correct answer new theoretical concepts.
■ Prioritization Questions: questions with a ■ Reflective Practice Using Critical Thinking
detailed stem that require you to place the Skills: these exercises offer opportunities to
options provided in the correct order use your critical thinking ability and
■ Hot Spot Questions: questions that require you knowledge of blended skills to respond to real-
to identify a specific area on an illustrationor life scenarios, similar to those that may occur
a graph in your practice.
■ Fill-in-the-Blank Questions: questions that ■ Patient Care Studies: These studies in the
require you to perform a calculation that clinical nursing care chapters provide a
results in a very specific number answer unique opportunity for you to “encounter” an
■ Chart/Exhibit Questions: multiple choice actual patient, and to use the nursing process
questions with a detailed stem that require to assess and diagnose the patient’s nursing
you to review information in a chart or an needs and brainstorm ways to best meet these
exhibit in order to select the correct answer needs.
iii
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iv PREFACE
The answers to the Practicing for NCLEX, success as you begin the exciting journey toward
Developing Your Knowledge Base, and Patient becoming a nurse.
Care Study questions are included in the Answer
Key at the back of the book so that you can Carol R. Taylor
immediately assess your own learning as you Carol Lillis
complete each chapter. Priscilla LeMone
We hope you find this Study Guide to be Pamela Lynn
helpful and enjoyable, and we wish you every Marilee LeBon
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CCoonntteennttss
I CHAPTER 9
UNIT
Continuity of Care 44
FOUNDATIONS OF NURSING PRACTICE
CHAPTER 10
CHAPTER 1
Home Healthcare 49
Introduction to Nursing 1
III
CHAPTER 2 UNIT
Cultural Diversity 7 THE NURSING PROCESS
CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 11
Health and Illness 12 Blended Skills and Critical Thinking
Throughout the Nursing Process 54
CHAPTER 4
Health of the Individual, Family, CHAPTER 12
and Community 17 Assessing 60
CHAPTER 5 CHAPTER 13
Theory, Research, and Diagnosing 66
Evidence-Based Practice 22
CHAPTER 14
CHAPTER 6
Outcome Identification and Planning 72
Values, Ethics, and Advocacy 27
CHAPTER 15
CHAPTER 7
Implementing 79
Legal Implications of Nursing 33
CHAPTER 16
UNIT II Evaluating 84
COMMUNITY-BASED SETTINGS
CHAPTER 17
FOR PATIENT CARE
Documenting, Reporting, Conferring,
and Using Informatics 89
CHAPTER 8
Healthcare Delivery Systems 39
v
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vi CONTENTS
IV CHAPTER 29
UNIT
Medications 169
PROMOTING HEALTH ACROSS
THE LIFE SPAN
CHAPTER 30
Perioperative Nursing 178
CHAPTER 18
Developmental Concepts 96
VII
UNIT
CHAPTER 19
PROMOTING HEALTHY PHYSIOLOGIC
Conception Through Young Adult 103 RESPONSES
CHAPTER 20 CHAPTER 31
The Aging Adult 110 Hygiene 186
V CHAPTER 32
UNIT
Skin Integrity and Wound Care 194
ROLES BASIC TO NURSING CARE
CHAPTER 33
CHAPTER 21
Activity 204
Communicator 114
CHAPTER 34
CHAPTER 22
Rest and Sleep 215
Teacher and Counselor 122
CHAPTER 35
CHAPTER 23
Comfort 224
Nurse Leader and Manager 129
CHAPTER 36
VI
UNIT Nutrition 233
ACTIONS BASIC TO NURSING CARE
CHAPTER 37
CHAPTER 24 Urinary Elimination 243
Vital Signs 134
CHAPTER 38
CHAPTER 25 Bowel Elimination 251
Health Assessment 142
CHAPTER 39
CHAPTER 26 Oxygenation 262
Safety, Security, and Emergency
CHAPTER 40
Preparedness 151
Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base
CHAPTER 27 Balance 272
Asepsis and Infection Control 158
CHAPTER 28
Complementary and Alternative
Therapies 165
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CONTENTS vii
VIII CHAPTER 44
UNIT
Sensory Functioning 305
PROMOTING HEALTHY
PSYCHOSOCIAL RESPONSES
CHAPTER 45
Sexuality 312
CHAPTER 41
Self-Concept 283
CHAPTER 46
Spirituality 320
CHAPTER 42
Stress and Adaptation 290
ANSWER KEY 327
CHAPTER 43
Loss, Grief, and Dying 297
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