This page intentionally left blank Statistical Methods Eighth Edition Psychology for DAVID C. HO WEL L University of Vermont Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States This page intentionally left blank This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keyword for materials in your areas of interest. Statistical Methods for Psychology, © 2013, 2010 Wadsworth, Cengage Learning Eighth Edition ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright David C. Howell herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not Senior Publisher: Linda Schreiber-Ganster limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web Executive Editor: Jon-David Hague distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval Acquisitions Editor: Timothy Matray systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of Assistant Editor: Paige Leeds the publisher. Editorial Assistant: Lauren K. Moody Senior Media Editor: Mary Noel For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Marketing Program Manager: Sean Foy Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706. For permission to use material from this text or product, Art Direction, Production Management, and submit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions. Composition: PreMediaGlobal Further permissions questions can be e-mailed to Cover Direction: Pamela A. E. Galbreath [email protected]. Manufacturing Planner: Karen Hunt Rights Acquisitions Specialist: Library of Congress Control Number: 2011934926 Don Schlotman Cover Designer: Angie Wang, Design is Play ISBN-13: 978-1-111-83548-4 ISBN-10: 1-111-83548-9 Cover/Interior Section Opener Image: © Jens Ottoson/Shutterstock.com Wadsworth 20 Davis Drive Belmont, CA 94002-3098 USA Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions with offi ce locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan. Locate your local offi ce at www.cengage.com/global. Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education, Ltd. To learn more about Wadsworth, visit www.cengage.com/Wadsworth Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred online store www.cengagebrain.com. Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 15 14 13 12 11 To Donna This page intentionally left blank Brief Contents CHAPTER 1 Basic Concepts 1 CHAPTER 2 Describing and Exploring Data 15 CHAPTER 3 The Normal Distribution 63 CHAPTER 4 Sampling Distributions and Hypothesis Testing 83 CHAPTER 5 Basic Concepts of Probability 107 CHAPTER 6 Categorical Data and Chi-Square 137 CHAPTER 7 Hypothesis Tests Applied to Means 177 CHAPTER 8 Power 229 CHAPTER 9 Correlation and Regression 251 CHAPTER 10 Alternative Correlational Techniques 303 CHAPTER 11 Simple Analysis of Variance 325 CHAPTER 12 Multiple Comparisons Among Treatment Means 369 CHAPTER 13 Factorial Analysis of Variance 411 CHAPTER 14 Repeated-Measures Designs 457 CHAPTER 15 Multiple Regression 507 CHAPTER 16 Analyses of Variance and Covariance as General Linear Models 573 CHAPTER 17 Meta-Analysis and Single-Case Designs 623 CHAPTER 18 Resampling and Nonparametric Approaches to Data 657 v This page intentionally left blank