SQL Anywhere® Server SQL Reference - SyBooks Online

1038 Pages·2006·5.7 MB·English

SQL Anywhere® Server
SQL Reference
Published: October 2006
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Copyright © 2006 iAnywhere Solutions, Inc. Portions copyright © 2006 Sybase, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Contents
About This Manual ...................................................................................... xi
SQL Anywhere documentation ................................................................................ xii
Documentation conventions .................................................................................... xv
Finding out more and providing feedback ............................................................. xix
I. Using SQL .................................................................................................. 1
SQL Language Elements ............................................................................................ 3
Keywords ............................................................................................................... 4
Identifiers ............................................................................................................... 7
Strings .................................................................................................................... 8
Constants ............................................................................................................... 9
Operators ............................................................................................................. 11
Expressions ......................................................................................................... 15
Search conditions ................................................................................................ 20
Special values ...................................................................................................... 30
Variables .............................................................................................................. 37
Comments ........................................................................................................... 43
NULL value .......................................................................................................... 44
SQL Data Types ......................................................................................................... 47
Character data types ........................................................................................... 48
Numeric data types .............................................................................................. 56
Money data types ................................................................................................ 65
Bit array data types .............................................................................................. 66
Date and time data types ..................................................................................... 68
Binary data types ................................................................................................. 75
Domains ............................................................................................................... 79
Data type conversions ......................................................................................... 81
Java and SQL data type conversion .................................................................... 87
SQL Functions ........................................................................................................... 91
Function types ..................................................................................................... 92
Alphabetical list of functions .............................................................................. 102
SQL Statements ....................................................................................................... 287
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Using the SQL statement reference .................................................................. 293
ALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR statement [ESQL] .................................................. 297
ALTER DATABASE statement .......................................................................... 299
ALTER DBSPACE statement ............................................................................ 302
ALTER DOMAIN statement ............................................................................... 304
ALTER EVENT statement ................................................................................. 305
ALTER FUNCTION statement ........................................................................... 307
ALTER INDEX statement .................................................................................. 308
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW statement ......................................................... 310
ALTER PROCEDURE statement ...................................................................... 312
ALTER PUBLICATION statement [MobiLink] [SQL Remote] ............................ 314
ALTER REMOTE MESSAGE TYPE statement [SQL Remote] ......................... 316
ALTER SERVER statement ............................................................................... 318
ALTER SERVICE statement .............................................................................. 320
ALTER STATISTICS statement ......................................................................... 324
ALTER SYNCHRONIZATION SUBSCRIPTION statement [MobiLink] ............. 326
ALTER SYNCHRONIZATION USER statement [MobiLink] .............................. 328
ALTER TABLE statement .................................................................................. 330
ALTER TRIGGER statement ............................................................................. 339
ALTER VIEW statement .................................................................................... 340
ATTACH TRACING statement .......................................................................... 342
BACKUP statement ........................................................................................... 344
BEGIN statement ............................................................................................... 349
BEGIN TRANSACTION statement [T-SQL] ...................................................... 352
BREAK statement [T-SQL] ................................................................................ 354
CALL statement ................................................................................................. 355
CASE statement ................................................................................................ 357
CHECKPOINT statement .................................................................................. 359
CLEAR statement [Interactive SQL] .................................................................. 360
CLOSE statement [ESQL] [SP] ......................................................................... 361
COMMENT statement ....................................................................................... 363
COMMIT statement ........................................................................................... 365
CONFIGURE statement [Interactive SQL] ......................................................... 367
CONNECT statement [ESQL] [Interactive SQL] ................................................ 368
CONTINUE statement [T-SQL] .......................................................................... 371
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CREATE DATABASE statement ....................................................................... 372
CREATE DBSPACE statement ......................................................................... 378
CREATE DECRYPTED FILE statement ............................................................ 380
CREATE DOMAIN statement ............................................................................ 382
CREATE ENCRYPTED FILE statement ............................................................ 384
CREATE EVENT statement .............................................................................. 387
CREATE EXISTING TABLE statement ............................................................. 392
CREATE EXTERNLOGIN statement ................................................................. 394
CREATE FUNCTION statement ........................................................................ 396
CREATE INDEX statement ............................................................................... 402
CREATE LOCAL TEMPORARY TABLE statement .......................................... 406
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW statement ...................................................... 408
CREATE MESSAGE statement [T-SQL] ........................................................... 410
CREATE PROCEDURE statement ................................................................... 412
CREATE PROCEDURE statement [T-SQL] ...................................................... 421
CREATE PUBLICATION statement [MobiLink] [SQL Remote] ......................... 423
CREATE REMOTE MESSAGE TYPE statement [SQL Remote] ...................... 427
CREATE SCHEMA statement ........................................................................... 429
CREATE SERVER statement ............................................................................ 431
CREATE SERVICE statement ........................................................................... 434
CREATE STATISTICS statement ...................................................................... 438
CREATE SUBSCRIPTION statement [SQL Remote] ........................................ 439
CREATE SYNCHRONIZATION SUBSCRIPTION statement [MobiLink] .......... 441
CREATE SYNCHRONIZATION USER statement [MobiLink] ........................... 444
CREATE TABLE statement ............................................................................... 446
CREATE TRIGGER statement .......................................................................... 458
CREATE TRIGGER statement [T-SQL] ............................................................ 462
CREATE VARIABLE statement ......................................................................... 463
CREATE VIEW statement ................................................................................. 465
DEALLOCATE statement .................................................................................. 468
DEALLOCATE DESCRIPTOR statement [ESQL] ............................................. 469
Declaration section [ESQL] ................................................................................ 470
DECLARE statement ......................................................................................... 471
DECLARE CURSOR statement [ESQL] [SP] .................................................... 472
DECLARE CURSOR statement [T-SQL] ........................................................... 476
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DECLARE LOCAL TEMPORARY TABLE statement ........................................ 477
DELETE statement ............................................................................................ 479
DELETE (positioned) statement [ESQL] [SP] .................................................... 481
DESCRIBE statement [ESQL] ........................................................................... 483
DESCRIBE statement [Interactive SQL] ............................................................ 487
DETACH TRACING statement .......................................................................... 489
DISCONNECT statement [ESQL] [Interactive SQL] .......................................... 490
DROP statement ................................................................................................ 491
DROP CONNECTION statement ...................................................................... 493
DROP DATABASE statement ........................................................................... 494
DROP EXTERNLOGIN statement ..................................................................... 495
DROP PUBLICATION statement [MobiLink] [SQL Remote] ............................. 496
DROP REMOTE MESSAGE TYPE statement [SQL Remote] .......................... 497
DROP SERVER statement ................................................................................ 498
DROP SERVICE statement ............................................................................... 499
DROP STATEMENT statement [ESQL] ............................................................ 500
DROP STATISTICS statement .......................................................................... 501
DROP SUBSCRIPTION statement [SQL Remote] ............................................ 502
DROP SYNCHRONIZATION SUBSCRIPTION statement [MobiLink] .............. 504
DROP SYNCHRONIZATION USER statement [MobiLink] ............................... 505
DROP VARIABLE statement ............................................................................. 506
EXCEPT operation ............................................................................................ 507
EXECUTE statement [ESQL] ............................................................................ 508
EXECUTE statement [T-SQL] ........................................................................... 510
EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement [SP] ............................................................ 512
EXIT statement [Interactive SQL] ...................................................................... 515
EXPLAIN statement [ESQL] .............................................................................. 517
FETCH statement [ESQL] [SP] .......................................................................... 519
FOR statement .................................................................................................. 523
FORWARD TO statement ................................................................................. 526
FROM clause ..................................................................................................... 528
GET DATA statement [ESQL] ........................................................................... 535
GET DESCRIPTOR statement [ESQL] ............................................................. 537
GET OPTION statement [ESQL] ....................................................................... 539
GOTO statement [T-SQL] .................................................................................. 540
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GRANT statement ............................................................................................. 541
GRANT CONSOLIDATE statement [SQL Remote] ........................................... 546
GRANT PUBLISH statement [SQL Remote] ..................................................... 548
GRANT REMOTE statement [SQL Remote] ..................................................... 549
GRANT REMOTE DBA statement [MobiLink] [SQL Remote] ........................... 551
GROUP BY clause ............................................................................................ 552
HELP statement [Interactive SQL] ..................................................................... 555
IF statement ....................................................................................................... 556
IF statement [T-SQL] ......................................................................................... 558
INCLUDE statement [ESQL] .............................................................................. 560
INPUT statement [Interactive SQL] ................................................................... 561
INSERT statement ............................................................................................. 566
INSTALL JAVA statement ................................................................................. 570
INTERSECT operation ...................................................................................... 572
LEAVE statement .............................................................................................. 573
LOAD STATISTICS statement .......................................................................... 575
LOAD TABLE statement .................................................................................... 576
LOCK TABLE statement .................................................................................... 584
LOOP statement ................................................................................................ 586
MESSAGE statement ........................................................................................ 588
OPEN statement [ESQL] [SP] ........................................................................... 592
OUTPUT statement [Interactive SQL] ............................................................... 595
PARAMETERS statement [Interactive SQL] ..................................................... 599
PASSTHROUGH statement [SQL Remote] ...................................................... 600
PREPARE statement [ESQL] ............................................................................ 601
PREPARE TO COMMIT statement ................................................................... 603
PRINT statement [T-SQL] .................................................................................. 604
PUT statement [ESQL] ...................................................................................... 605
RAISERROR statement [T-SQL] ....................................................................... 607
READ statement [Interactive SQL] .................................................................... 609
READTEXT statement [T-SQL] ......................................................................... 611
REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW statement ................................................... 612
REFRESH TRACING LEVEL statement ........................................................... 614
RELEASE SAVEPOINT statement .................................................................... 616
REMOTE RESET statement [SQL Remote] ...................................................... 617
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REMOVE JAVA statement ................................................................................ 618
REORGANIZE TABLE statement ...................................................................... 619
RESIGNAL statement ........................................................................................ 621
RESTORE DATABASE statement .................................................................... 622
RESUME statement ........................................................................................... 624
RETURN statement ........................................................................................... 625
REVOKE statement ........................................................................................... 627
REVOKE CONSOLIDATE statement [SQL Remote] ........................................ 629
REVOKE PUBLISH statement [SQL Remote] ................................................... 630
REVOKE REMOTE statement [SQL Remote] ................................................... 631
REVOKE REMOTE DBA statement [SQL Remote] .......................................... 632
ROLLBACK statement ....................................................................................... 633
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT statement ........................................................... 634
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION statement [T-SQL] .............................................. 635
ROLLBACK TRIGGER statement ..................................................................... 636
SAVE TRANSACTION statement [T-SQL] ........................................................ 637
SAVEPOINT statement ..................................................................................... 638
SELECT statement ............................................................................................ 639
SET statement ................................................................................................... 646
SET statement [T-SQL] ..................................................................................... 648
SET CONNECTION statement [Interactive SQL] [ESQL] ................................. 651
SET DESCRIPTOR statement [ESQL] .............................................................. 652
SET OPTION statement .................................................................................... 654
SET OPTION statement [Interactive SQL] ........................................................ 657
SET REMOTE OPTION statement [SQL Remote] ............................................ 658
SET SQLCA statement [ESQL] ......................................................................... 660
SETUSER statement ......................................................................................... 661
SIGNAL statement ............................................................................................. 663
START DATABASE statement .......................................................................... 664
START ENGINE statement [Interactive SQL] .................................................... 666
START JAVA statement .................................................................................... 667
START LOGGING statement [Interactive SQL] ................................................. 668
START SUBSCRIPTION statement [SQL Remote] .......................................... 669
START SYNCHRONIZATION DELETE statement [MobiLink] .......................... 671
STOP DATABASE statement ............................................................................ 673
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STOP ENGINE statement ................................................................................. 674
STOP JAVA statement ...................................................................................... 675
STOP LOGGING statement [Interactive SQL] ................................................... 676
STOP SUBSCRIPTION statement [SQL Remote] ............................................ 677
STOP SYNCHRONIZATION DELETE statement [MobiLink] ............................ 678
SYNCHRONIZE SUBSCRIPTION statement [SQL Remote] ............................ 679
SYSTEM statement [Interactive SQL] ............................................................... 681
TRIGGER EVENT statement ............................................................................. 682
TRUNCATE TABLE statement .......................................................................... 683
UNION operation ............................................................................................... 685
UNLOAD statement ........................................................................................... 687
UNLOAD TABLE statement ............................................................................... 689
UPDATE statement ........................................................................................... 692
UPDATE (positioned) statement [ESQL] [SP] ................................................... 696
UPDATE statement [SQL Remote] .................................................................... 699
VALIDATE statement ......................................................................................... 702
WAITFOR statement ......................................................................................... 704
WHENEVER statement [ESQL] ......................................................................... 706
WHILE statement [T-SQL] ................................................................................. 707
WINDOW clause ................................................................................................ 708
WRITETEXT statement [T-SQL] ........................................................................ 711
II. System Objects .................................................................................... 713
Tables ....................................................................................................................... 715
System tables .................................................................................................... 716
Diagnostic tracing tables .................................................................................... 727
Other tables ....................................................................................................... 743
Views ........................................................................................................................ 745
System view definitions in Sybase Central ........................................................ 746
System views ..................................................................................................... 747
Consolidated views ............................................................................................ 804
Compatibility views ............................................................................................ 819
System Procedures ................................................................................................. 829
System procedure overview .............................................................................. 830
System procedures ............................................................................................ 831
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System extended procedures ............................................................................ 948
Adaptive Server Enterprise system and catalog procedures ............................. 959
Index .................................................................................................................................. 961
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