Table Of ContentIssues in Hispanic and
11
Lusophone Linguistics
Spanish-English
Codeswitching
in the Caribbean
and the US
Edited by Rosa E. Guzzardo Tamargo,
Catherine M. Mazak
and M. Carmen Paraita Couto
John Benjamins Publishing Company
Spanish-English Codeswitching in the Caribbean and the US
Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics (IHLL)
issn 2213-3887
IHLL aims to provide a single home for the highest quality monographs and edited volumes
pertaining to Hispanic and Lusophone linguistics. In an effort to be as inclusive as possible, the
series includes volumes that represent the many sub-fields and paradigms of linguistics that
do high quality research targeting Iberian Romance languages. IHLL considers proposals that
focus on formal syntax, semantics, morphology, phonetics/phonology, pragmatics from any
established research paradigm, as well as psycholinguistics, language acquisition, historical
linguistics, applied linguistics and sociolinguistics. The editorial board is comprised of experts
in all of the aforementioned fields.
For an overview of all books published in this series, please see http://benjamins.com/catalog/ihll
Editors
Jennifer Cabrelli Amaro Kimberly L. Geeslin
University of Illinois at Chicago Indiana University
Editorial Board
Patrícia Amaral Michael Iverson Liliana Sánchez
Indiana University Indiana University Rutgers University
Sonia Colina Matthew Kanwit Ana Lúcia Santos
University of Arizona University of Pittsburgh Universidade de Lisboa
João Costa Paula Kempchinsky Scott A. Schwenter
Universidade Nova de Lisboa University of Iowa Ohio State University
Inês Duarte Naomi Lapidus Shin Carmen Silva-Corvalán
Universidade de Lisboa University of New Mexico University of Southern
California
Daniel Erker Juana M. Liceras
Boston University University of Ottawa Miquel Simonet
University of Arizona
Timothy L. Face John M. Lipski
University of Minnesota Pennsylvania State University Megan Solon
State University of New York
Sónia Frota Gillian Lord
Universidade de Lisboa University of Florida Juan Uriagereka
University of Maryland
Ángel J. Gallego Jairo Nunes
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Universidade de São Paulo Elena Valenzuela
University of Ottawa
María del Pilar García Mayo Acrisio Pires
Universidad del País Vasco University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Bill VanPatten
Michigan State University
Anna Gavarró Pilar Prieto
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Universitat Pompeu Fabra
Volume 11
Spanish-English Codeswitching in the Caribbean and the US
Edited by Rosa E. Guzzardo Tamargo, Catherine M. Mazak
and M. Carmen Parafita Couto
Spanish-English Codeswitching
in the Caribbean and the US
A descriptive and prescriptive analysis
Edited by
Rosa E. Guzzardo Tamargo
University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras
Catherine M. Mazak
University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez
M. Carmen Parafita Couto
Leiden University
John Benjamins Publishing Company
Amsterdam / Philadelphia
TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of
8
the American National Standard for Information Sciences – Permanence
of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ansi z39.48-1984.
doi 10.1075/ihll.11
Cataloging-in-Publication Data available from Library of Congress:
lccn 2016021969 (print) / 2016032010 (e-book)
isbn 978 90 272 5810 6 (Hb)
isbn 978 90 272 6667 5 (e-book)
© 2016 – John Benjamins B.V.
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any
other means, without written permission from the publisher.
John Benjamins Publishing Company · https://benjamins.com
Table of contents
Acknowledgements viii
Introduction
Multiple influencing factors, diverse participants, varied techniques:
Interdisciplinary approaches to the study of Spanish-English codeswitching 1
Rosa E. Guzzardo Tamargo, Catherine M. Mazak,
and M. Carmen Parafita Couto
Part I. Codeswitching, identity, attitudes, and language politics
Chapter 1
Spanglish: Language politics versus el habla del pueblo 11
Ana Celia Zentella
Chapter 2
Codeswitching and identity among Island Puerto Rican bilinguals 37
Marisol Pérez Casas
Chapter 3
Codeswitching among African-American English, Spanish
and Standard English in computer-mediated discourse:
The negotiation of identities by Puerto Rican students 61
Arlene Clachar
Part II. Links between codeswitching and language proficiency and fluency
Chapter 4
Hablamos los dos in the Windy City: Codeswitching among
Puerto Ricans, Mexicans and MexiRicans in Chicago 83
Lourdes Torres and Kim Potowski
vi Spanish-English Codeswitching in the Caribbean and the US
Chapter 5
Language dominance and language nativeness:
The view from English-Spanish codeswitching 107
Juana M. Liceras, Raquel Fernández Fuertes, and Rachel Klassen
Chapter 6
The role of unintentional/involuntary codeswitching:
Did I really say that? 139
John M. Lipski
Part III. Codeswitching in written corpora
Chapter 7
The stratification of English-language lone-word and multi-word
material in Puerto Rican Spanish-language press outlets:
A computational approach 171
Barbara E. Bullock, Jacqueline Serigos, and Almeida Jacqueline Toribio
Chapter 8
Socio-pragmatic functions of codeswitching in Nuyorican
and Cuban American literature 191
Cecilia Montes-Alcalá
Chapter 9
“Show what you know”: Translanguaging in dynamic assessment
in a bilingual university classroom 215
Catherine M. Mazak, Rosita L. Rivera, and Glory J. Soto
Part IV. Bilingual structure in codeswitching
Chapter 10
Tú y yo can codeswitch, nosotros cannot: Pronouns
in Spanish-English codeswitching 237
Kay González-Vilbazo and Bryan Koronkiewicz
Chapter 11
On the productive use of ‘hacer + V’ in Northern Belize
bilingual/trilingual codeswitching 261
Osmer Balam and Ana de Prada Pérez
Table of contents vii
Chapter 12
Mixed NPs in Spanish-English bilingual speech: Using a corpus-based
approach to inform models of sentence processing 281
Jorge R. Valdés Kroff
Chapter 13
Comprehension patterns of two groups of Spanish-English
bilingual codeswitchers 301
Rosa E. Guzzardo Tamargo and Paola E. Dussias
Index 323
Acknowledgements
The editors would like to deeply thank the following scholars who served as ex-
ternal reviewers on this volume’s chapters: Hilton Alers, Shanon Bischoff, Laura
Callahan, Kevin Carroll, Diana Carter, Ricia Chansky, Elizabeth Dayton, Mar-
garet Deuchar, Nelson Flores, Melvin González, Luis López, Veronica Loureiro-
Rodríguez, Rocío Pérez, Jorge Schmidt, Sandra Soto, Nancy Stern, Antje
Muntendam, Eva Rodríguez González, Elaine Shenk, Ji Young Shim, Janet Van
Hell. We would also like to thank Lauren Pérez Mangonéz, El Mauder and Myrthe
Wildeboer for their assistance at different stages.
Introduction
Multiple influencing factors, diverse
participants, varied techniques:
Interdisciplinary approaches to the study
of Spanish-English codeswitching
Rosa E. Guzzardo Tamargo,* Catherine M. Mazak,*
and M. Carmen Parafita Couto**
* Universidad de Puerto Rico / ** Leiden University
Over the past 40 years, research in bilingual Spanish-English communities
(e.g., Dussias, 2003; Fishman et al., 1971; Lance, 1975; Lipski, 1985; Otheguy &
Zentella, 2012; Pfaff, 1979; Poplack, 1980; Timm, 1975; Toribio, 2001; Torres
Cacoullos & Travis, 2010; Valdés-Fallis, 1976; Zentella, 1997) has significantly
advanced the linguistic, social, and psychological understanding of codeswitch-
ing (hereafter CS). This volume provides a sample of the most recent studies on
Spanish- English CS both in the Spanish-speaking Caribbean and among Spanish-
English bilinguals in the United States. With the purpose of supplying an updat-
ed knowledge base on Spanish-English CS as well as innovative methodological
tools for this type of research, the collection brings together the work of leading
scholars representing diverse disciplinary perspectives within linguistics, includ-
ing psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, theoretical linguistics, and applied lin-
guistics. The chapters in this volume present various methodological approaches,
including the collection of naturalistic oral and written data, the use of reading
comprehension tasks, the elicitation of acceptability judgments, and computa-
tional methods. Over the years, the importance of using varied techniques and
strategies to study CS in the search for converging evidence has become clear
(Gullberg, Indefrey, & Muysken, 2009; Isurin, Winford, & de Bot, 2009; Munarriz
& Parafita Couto, 2014; Stell & Yapko, 2015; Thomas & Mennen, 2014). By unit-
ing different, and often conflicting, theoretical and applied perspectives through
the study of a common topic, this volume pushes the boundaries of the current
understanding of Spanish-English CS.
Our main goal with this volume is to go beyond the limits of different fields
in order to achieve a multidisciplinary account of the ways in which Spanish-
doi 10.1075/ihll.11.001int
© 2016 John Benjamins Publishing Company
