Sound editing in Final Cut Studio: audio editing and sound design with Final Cut Pro 7 and Soundtrack Pro 3 PDF
Preview Sound editing in Final Cut Studio: audio editing and sound design with Final Cut Pro 7 and Soundtrack Pro 3
Apple Pro Training Series Sound Editing in Final Cut Studio Jeff Sobel Apple Pro Training Series: Sound Editing in Final Cut Studio Jeff Sobel Copyright © 2010 by Peachpit Press Published by Peachpit Press. For information on Peachpit Press books, contact: Peachpit Press 1249 Eighth Street Berkeley, CA 94710 (510) 524-2178 Fax: (510) 524-2221 http://www.peachpit.com To report errors, please send a note to [email protected]. Peachpit Press is a division of Pearson Education. Apple Series Editor: Serena Herr Project Editor: Stephen Nathans-Kelly Production Coordinator: Kim Wimpsett, Happenstance Type-O-Rama Technical Editor: Robert Brock Technical Reviewer: Christopher Phrommayon Copy Editor: Dave Awl Compositor: Maureen Forys, Happenstance Type-O-Rama Media Producer: Eric Geoffroy Indexer: Jack Lewis Cover Illustration: Kent Oberheu Cover Production: Happenstance Type-O-Rama Notice of Rights All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means, elec- tronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the pub- lisher. For information on getting permission for reprints and excerpts, contact [email protected]. Footage from Leverage used with permission, © 2008 Leverage Holdings, Inc. All rights reserved. “One Six Right” images and footage courtesy Terwilliger Productions © 2005–2007. All rights reserved. “Blind Date” footage courtesy Apple, Inc. All rights reserved. The projects and footage supplied with this book may only be used for educational purposes in association with the lessons included. Any other use, including but not limited to incorporating footage into another project, duplicating, or distributing footage, is expressly forbidden and requires explicit permissions from the copyright holders listed above. Notice of Liability The information in this book is distributed on an “As Is” basis, without warranty. While every precau- tion has been taken in the preparation of the book, neither the authors nor Peachpit Press shall have any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the instructions contained in this book or by the computer software and hardware products described in it. Trademarks Throughout this book trademarked names are used. Rather than put a trademark symbol in every occur- rence of a trademarked name, we state that we are using the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner with no intention of infringement of the trademark. ISBN 13: 978-0-321-64748-1 ISBN 10: 0-321-64748-3 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed and bound in the United States of America Contents at a Glance Getting Started ........................................ 1 Lesson 1 Sound Editing Basics ................................... 8 Lesson 2 Sound Mixing Basics .................................. 44 Lesson 3 Getting to Know Soundtrack Pro ........................ 82 Lesson 4 Fixing Audio Files .................................... 112 Lesson 5 Editing in Frequency Spectrum View ................... 158 Lesson 6 Recording in Soundtrack Pro .......................... 182 Lesson 7 Editing Dialogue ..................................... 212 Lesson 8 Automated Dialogue Replacement Using the Multitake Editor ............................ 244 Lesson 9 Spotting Sound Effects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 Lesson 10 Scoring Using Loops ................................. 294 Lesson 11 Advanced Mixing Techniques .......................... 328 Lesson 12 Conforming Multitrack Projects ....................... 356 Glossary ............................................ 370 Index .............................................. 384 iii Table of Contents Getting Started ............................. 1 Lesson 1 Sound Editing Basics ......................... 8 Understanding the Sound Editing Process ................. 10 Cleaning Dialogue. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Normalizing Audio .................................... 11 Normalizing a Group of Clips ........................... 14 Controlling Dynamic Range ............................ 14 Separating Signal from Noise ........................... 18 Controlling Audio Frequencies .......................... 23 Correcting Highs and Lows ............................. 26 Removing Hums ...................................... 27 Integrating Sound Effects ............................... 29 Constructing Ambiences ............................... 30 Editing Subframe Audio ................................ 34 Enhancing the Scene ................................... 38 Adding Music ........................................ 39 Lesson Review ........................................ 43 Lesson 2 Sound Mixing Basics ........................ 44 Mixing in Final Cut Pro ................................ 46 Fading In and Out .................................... 46 Using Audio Keyframes to Fade ......................... 50 Solo and Mute Controls ................................ 52 Engaging the Button Bar ............................... 55 Setting Audio Levels ................................... 56 The Audio Mixer Window .............................. 59 Setting Up Views in the Audio Mixer ..................... 61 Mixing On the Fly ..................................... 62 Controlling Keyframe Frequency ........................ 64 Resetting All Keyframes ................................ 65 Creating Perspective ................................... 66 iv Contents v Finishing Your Mix .................................... 68 Mixing in Soundtrack Pro .............................. 68 Sending to a Soundtrack Pro Multitrack Project ............ 69 Performing Basic Mixing Tasks .......................... 71 Muting and Soloing ................................... 71 Adding Fades ......................................... 72 Adjusting Levels ...................................... 75 Automating Level Changes ............................. 77 Returning to Final Cut Pro ............................. 78 Lesson Review ........................................ 80 Lesson 3 Getting to Know Soundtrack Pro ............. 82 Opening Sequences from Final Cut Pro ................... 84 Sending Sequences to Soundtrack Pro .................... 84 Exploring the Soundtrack Pro Editing Workspace .......... 87 Working with Panes ................................... 88 Working with Tabs .................................... 90 Using Window Layouts ................................. 92 Setting Project Properties ............................... 94 Setting the Sample Rate ................................ 94 Working with Timecode ................................ 96 Controlling Playback .................................. 97 J-K-L Playback ........................................ 99 Moving Around the Timeline .......................... 100 Positioning the Playhead .............................. 100 Using the Scrub Tool ................................. 101 Exploring the Track Header ............................ 102 Volume and Pan ..................................... 102 Mute and Solo ....................................... 104 Returning to Final Cut Pro ............................ 105 Lesson Review ....................................... 111 Lesson 4 Fixing Audio Files ......................... 112 Getting Ready to Perform Audio Restoration ............. 114 Sending Audio Files to Soundtrack Pro .................. 115 Exploring the File Editor Project View ................... 118 Using the Global Waveform View ....................... 122 Redrawing Waveforms ................................ 123 Analyzing an Audio File ............................... 125 Zooming In on Problems .............................. 129 vi Contents Fixing the Problems Soundtrack Pro Detects ............. 132 Working with Actions ................................. 134 Locating an Action ................................... 136 Reordering Actions ................................... 139 Removing Actions .................................... 139 Reducing Noise ...................................... 140 Exploring Noise ...................................... 140 Setting a Noise Print .................................. 142 Using the Reduce Noise Dialog ......................... 143 Bypassing Noise Reduction to Hear Your Original Sound ... 146 Adjusting the Noise Reduction Level .................... 147 Applying Noise Reduction ............................. 148 Refining Noise Reduction Settings ...................... 149 Rippling Your Changes to Final Cut Pro ................. 149 Using Soundtrack Pro Scripts to Speed Up Your Work ..... 151 Lesson Review ....................................... 156 Lesson 5 Editing in Frequency Spectrum View ......... 158 Using Frequency Spectrum View ....................... 160 Exploring the Frequency Spectrum View ................. 160 Linear Versus Logarithmic Scales ....................... 163 Controlling the Spectrum ............................. 164 Setting the Frequency Range ........................... 166 Adjusting the Spectrum Power Controls ................. 169 Adjusting View Color Scheme .......................... 171 Resetting the Frequency Spectrum View ................. 172 Working with Frequency .............................. 173 Removing Frequencies ................................ 178 Finishing Up ........................................ 180 Lesson Review ....................................... 180 Lesson 6 Recording in Soundtrack Pro ................ 182 Opening a Multitrack Project .......................... 184 Using the Timecode HUD ............................. 186 Working with Tracks .................................. 189 Creating Tracks ...................................... 189 Reordering Tracks .................................... 191 Deleting Tracks ...................................... 191 Naming Tracks ...................................... 192 Locking Tracks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192 Contents vii Setting Up for Recording .............................. 193 Choosing a Track to Record ............................ 194 Choosing a Recording Input ........................... 195 Choosing a Channel Configuration ..................... 196 Adjusting the Channel Setting .......................... 197 Displaying Recording Settings in the Track Header ........ 198 Recording a Single Take ............................... 199 Choosing a Recording Destination ...................... 199 Arming a Track for Recording .......................... 201 Setting a Recording Level .............................. 201 Resetting the Peak Indicator ........................... 202 Recording a Take ..................................... 203 Collecting the Project ................................. 205 Using Punch Recording ............................... 209 Lesson Review ....................................... 211 Lesson 7 Editing Dialogue .......................... 212 Using Soundtrack Pro’s Editing Tools .................... 214 Using the Selection Tool ............................... 214 Using the Blade Tool .................................. 217 Deleting Clips ....................................... 218 Using the Timeslice Tool .............................. 219 Arranging Clips ...................................... 220 Disabling Snapping Mode ............................. 221 Moving Clips in a Single Track ......................... 222 Nudging Clips Frame by Frame ........................ 224 Adjusting Clip Duration .............................. 225 Setting the Default Time Stretch Algorithm .............. 229 Truncating Overlapping Clips .......................... 230 Blending the Rerecorded Dialogue into the Scene ......... 234 Creating a Cycle Region ............................... 234 Adjusting Track Volume ............................... 235 Using Actions to Adjust Clip Volume .................... 236 Working with Ambient Noise .......................... 239 Lesson Review ....................................... 243 Lesson 8 Automated Dialogue Replacement Using the Multitake Editor .................. 244 About Multitake Editing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 Setting Up for Multitake Editing ........................ 246 viii Contents Creating a Guide Take ................................ 248 The Multitake Editor ................................. 251 Converting a Clip into a Multitake Clip .................. 251 Naming Takes ....................................... 252 Cycle Recording in the Multitake Editor ................. 253 Deleting a Take ...................................... 255 Adding a Prerecorded Take ............................ 256 Reordering Takes ..................................... 257 Auditioning Takes .................................... 258 Slipping Takes ....................................... 259 Creating a Composite Take ............................ 260 Splitting Takes ....................................... 260 Selecting Takes ....................................... 262 Using Transitions .................................... 263 Adding Transitions ................................... 264 Working with Fades .................................. 265 Lesson Review ....................................... 267 Lesson 9 Spotting Sound Effects ..................... 268 Setting Up for Spotting ............................... 270 Exploring the Bin and the Browser ...................... 272 Previewing Files in the Bin ............................. 273 Opening the Browser ................................. 274 Locating Files in the Browser ........................... 274 Adding Browser Files to Your Project .................... 275 Using the Multipoint Video HUD ....................... 278 Spotting with the Multipoint Video HUD ................ 279 Three-Point Edits .................................... 282 Using the Search Tab to Find and Spot Sound Effects ...... 285 Setting the End of Project Marker ....................... 291 Additional Practice ................................... 293 Lesson Review ....................................... 293 Lesson 10 Scoring Using Loops ....................... 294 Setting Up for Music Production ....................... 296 Switching the Project to the Beats-Based Ruler ............ 296 Searching the Apple Loops Library ...................... 298 Opening the Search Tab ............................... 298 Looping vs. Non-looping Files ......................... 302 Using Snapping to Place Clips in the Timeline ............ 303 Contents ix Setting the Tempo of the Project ........................ 305 Resizing Looping Files ................................ 307 Creating an Original Score Using Apple Loops ............ 309 Using Crossfades ..................................... 316 Choosing the Fade Type ............................... 318 Using Markers to Set Tempo ........................... 319 Using the Master Tempo Envelope ...................... 319 Adapting Tempo to Onscreen Video Cues ................ 322 Lesson Review ....................................... 327 Lesson 11 Advanced Mixing Techniques ............... 328 Preparing for Mixing ................................. 330 Naming Submixes .................................... 331 Routing Tracks to Submixes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333 Mixing the Project ................................... 335 Adding Real-Time Effects to Mixer Tracks ................ 335 Using Voice Level Match .............................. 340 Blending Music and SFX .............................. 342 Using Busses and Sends ............................... 343 Creating a Bus ....................................... 344 Naming Busses ...................................... 344 Working with Effects on Busses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345 Using Sends ......................................... 346 Setting up for Surround Mixing ........................ 349 Returning to Final Cut Pro ............................ 353 Lesson Review ....................................... 354 Lesson 12 Conforming Multitrack Projects ............. 356 Working in Parallel ................................... 358 Importing Changes from Final Cut Pro .................. 359 Sending the Revised Edit to Soundtrack Pro .............. 359 Conforming Projects ................................. 361 Reviewing Changes ................................... 363 Viewing Clip Details .................................. 364 Approving Changes .................................. 365 Filtering, Sorting, and Grouping Clips ................... 366 Finishing ........................................... 368 Lesson Review ....................................... 368 Glossary ................................. 370 Index .................................... 384
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