Soil and Water Quality at Different Scales: Proceedings of the Workshop “Soil and Water Quality at Different Scales” held 7–9 August 1996, Wageningen, The Netherlands

313 Pages·1998·14.83 MB·English

by  J. Bouma

SOIL AND WATER QUALITY AT DIFFERENT SCALES
Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences
VOLUME 80
The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.
Soil and Water Quality at Different Scales
Proceedings of the Workshop "Soil and Water Quality at Different Scales"
held 7-9 August 1996, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Edited by
PETER A. FINKE
JOHANBOUMA
and
MARCEL R. HOOSBEEK
Reprinted from Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, Volume 50, Nos. 1-3 (1998)
SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-90-481-5012-0 ISBN 978-94-017-3021-1 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-3021-1
Printed on acid-free paper
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© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Origina11y published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1998
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover Ist edition 1998
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice
may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
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Contents
Preface
PART I: KEYNOTES
1. Soil and water quality at different scales: concepts, challenges, conclusions and recommendations
J. Bouma, P.A. Finke, M.R. Hoosbeek, A. Breeuwsma 5
2. Relevance of scale dependent approaches for integrating biophysical and socio-economic infor
mation and development of agroecological indicators
J. Dumanski, W.W. Pettapiece, RJ. McGregor 13
3. Scale issues in agroecological research chains
R.J. Wagenet 23
4. Obtaining soil and land quality indicators using research chains and geostatistical methods
M.R. Hoosbeek, J. Bouma 35
5. Some considerations on methods for spatially aggregating and dis aggregating soil information
A.B. McBratney 51
PART II: AGROECOLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL CASE STUDIES
6. Small scale variability in the flow of water and solutes, and implications for lysimeter studies of
solute leaching
L.P. Simmonds, S. Nortcliff 65
7. Solute transport at the pedon and polypedon scales
D.E. Radcliffe, S.M. Gupte, J.E. Box, Jr. 77
8. Space-time up scaling of plot-based research information: frost tillage
H.M. van Es, A.T. DeGaetano, D.S. Wilks 85
9. Mapping and interpreting soil textural layers to assess agri-chemical movement at several scales
along the eastern seaboard (USA)
T. Steenhuis, K. Vandenheuvel, K.W. Weiler, J. Boll, J. Daliparthy, S. Herbert, K.-J. Samuel Kung 91
10. Status and trends of soil salinity at different scales: the case for the irrigated cotton growing region
of eastern Australia
I.O.A. Odeh, AJ. Todd, J. Triantafilis, A.B. McBratney 99
II. Investigating soil and groundwater quality at different scales in a forested catchment: the Waldstein
case study
G. Lischeid, C. Alewell, J. Bittersohl, A. Gottlein, C. Jungnickel, H. Lange, B. Manderscheid,
K. Moritz, B. Ostendorf, H. Sager 109
12. Slope deposits and water paths in a spring catchment, Frankenwald, Bavaria, Germany
K. Amo, J. Lindemann, A. Schellenberger, C. Beierkuhnlein 119
13. Hydromorphic soils, hydrology and water quality: spatial distribution and functional modelling
at different scales
P. Curmi, P. Durand, C. Gascuel-Odoux, P. Merot, c. Walter, A. Taha 127
14. Up scaling a simple erosion model from small areas to a large region
D. King, D.M. Fox, J. Daroussin, Y. Le Bissonnais, V. Danneels 143
15. Research on soil fertility decline in tropical environments: integration of spatial scales
JJ. Stoorvogel, E.M.A. Smaling 151
16. Soil absorbing complex properties of Russian boreal soils and its dependence on the spatial scale
of study area
J.L. Meshalkina, N.J. Belousova, 1.1. Vasenev 159
17. The influence of nitrate reduction strategies on the temporal development of the nitrate pollution
of soil and groundwater throughout Germany: a regionally differentiated case study
E Wendland, M. Bach, R. Kunkel 167
18. Food supply capacity study at global scale
JJ.R. Groot, EW.T. Penning de Vries, P.w.J. Uithol 181
PART III: METHODS FOR SCALE TRANSFER
19. Upscaling hydraulic conductivity: theory and examples from geohydrological studies
M.EP. Bierkens, J.W.J. van der Gaast 193
20. Modelling cadmium accumulation at a regional scale in the Netherlands
A. Tiktak, J.R.M. Alkemade, J.J.M. van Grinsven, G.B. Makaske 209
21. The use of upscaling procedures in the application of soil acidification models at different spatial
scales
W. de Vries, J. Kros, C. van der Salm, J.E. Groenenberg, G.J. Reinds 223
PART IV: REVIEW PAPERS
22. Modelling concepts and their relation to the scale of the problem
T.M. Addiscott 239
23. Prediction error through modelling concepts and uncertainty from basic data
M.J.W. Jansen 247
24. Uncertainty analysis in environmental modelling under a change of spatial scale
G.B.M. Heuvelink 255
PART V: EXTENDED POSTER ABSTRACTS - SHORT COMMUNICATIONS
25. Regression model to predict travel time for chloride leaching through pedons using soil morpho
logical characteristics
R. Hatano 267
26. Evaluation of nitrate leaching risk at site and farm level
MJ.D. Hack-ten Broeke, WJ.M. de Groot 271
27. Information on within-field variability from sequences of yield maps: multivariate classification
as a first step of interpretation
R.M. Lark, J.V. Stafford 277
28. Influence of the cultivation system and the relief on the water content of the Ap Horizon of land
subject to different use
R. Josa, J. Valero, S. Alboma 283
29. Nutrient losses in surface and subsurface flow from pasture applied poultry litter and composted
poultry litter
R.W. Vervoort, D.E. Radcliffe, M.L. Cabrera, M. Latimore, Jr. 287
30. Distribution of inorganic nitrogen in agricultural soils at different dates and scales
R. Stenger, E. Priesack, F. Beese 291
31. The development of a hydrological classification of UK soils and the inherent scale changes
A. Lilly, D.B. Boorman, J.M. Hollis 299
32. Regional mass flux balancing for controlling gentle soil remediation operations
B. von Steiger, A. Keller, R. Schulin 303
33. Using a GIS system in mapping risks of nitrate leaching and erosion on the basis of SOIL! SOIL-N
and USLE simulations
P. Olsen, P.R. Kristensen 307
34. Modelling water and nitrogen dynamics at three different spatial scales - influence of different
data aggregation levels on simulation results
K.C. Kersebaum, K.-O. Wenkel 313
35. Leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus from rural areas to surface waters in the Netherlands
H.L. Boogaard, J.G. Kroes 321
Dedication
We dedicate this publication to Jeff Wagenet, Professor of Soil Science at the University of
Cornell, USA, colleague and friend. Jeff died on July 31,1997 after a long battle with cancer.
He was one of the initiators of the conference that led to this publication. He was an eminent
scientist and an inspiring educator who effectively promoted interdisciplinary research. We will
miss his inspiration and warm fellowship.
Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 50: I, 1998.
Preface
Soil and water quality are recognized as important as an important tool to visualize the different steps in
indicators to assess ecosystem vulnerability, agricul the research process. A third part consists of papers
tural sustainability and the health of rural and urban focusing on methodologies for up- and downscaling
environments. Therefore, it is not surprising that an in the context of soil-and ecosystem research. During
increasing focus on soil and water quality has caused the workshop, three review papers were presented by
soil scientists to look across the traditional borders of Addiscott, Heuvelink and Jansen. These papers are
their profession. This has been recognized and advo based on the other papers and posters presented during
cated during the 1994 International Congress of Soil the workshop, and give a thorough and critical picture
Science in Acapulco, Mexico. The two main scien of the state of the art from the perspective of modellers
tific benefits of this widening interest are the increas and statisticians. It should be noted, that the selected
ing number of integrated studies with interdisciplinary and edited papers in these proceedings may deviate
research and the transfer of methodologies developed from the contributions on which these reviews were
elsewhere to the soil and hydrological sciences. based. The fifth part of this book consists of research
To obtain a state-of-the-art picture of interdisci notes based on the presented posters which offered
plinary research in the context of soil and water quality, valuable food for discussion during the workshop.
the ISSS working groups Moisture Variability in Space The editors wish to acknowledge financial contri
and Time (MV), Pedometrics (PM) and Soil Pollution butions by the C.T. de Wit Graduate School for Pro
(SP) organised a workshop in 1996 which focused on duction Ecology, Wageningen Agricultural University
integrated case studies on soil and water quality, with and by the Winand Staring Centre for Integrated Land,
special emphasis on scale aspects. This workshop with Soil and Water Research, both in Wageningen, The
the title: "Soil and Water Quality at different Scales" Netherlands.
was held in Wageningen, The Netherlands in the peri Furthermore, we are grateful to the following col
od August 7-9, 1996. The selected and edited proceed leagues who spent quite some time reviewing the
ings are presented in this special issue of the Journal: manuscripts for these proceedings: AE. Boekhold,
"Nutrient cycling in Agro-ecosystems". C.A van Diepen, J.J. de Gruijter, G.B.M. Heuvelink,
The first part of this publication covers keynote P. Kabat, R.H. Kemmers, P.A Leffelaar, C.W.J. Roest,
papers describing the scope of the workshop and the J. Stolte, H.M. Van Es, J.J.M. Van Grinsven, J.H.M.
relevance, current issues and methodologies within Wtisten, L.G. Wesselink and AL.M. van Wijk.
scale-related soil and related spatial research. Conclu
sions reached after many discussions are summarized
in the introductory paper by Bouma et al. The sec P.A.Finke
ond part covers agro-ecological and hydrological case J. Bouma
studies in which scale transforms form an important M.R. Hoosbeek
part of the research chain, which is being discussed
PART I
KEYNOTES