Sleep Neurology: A Comprehensive Guide to Basic and Clinical Aspects PDF
Preview Sleep Neurology: A Comprehensive Guide to Basic and Clinical Aspects
Sleep Neurology A Comprehensive Guide to Basic and Clinical Aspects Lourdes M. DelRosso Raffaele Ferri Editors 123 Sleep Neurology Lourdes M. DelRosso • Raffaele Ferri Editors Sleep Neurology A Comprehensive Guide to Basic and Clinical Aspects Editors Lourdes M. DelRosso Raffaele Ferri Sleep Disorders Center Sleep Research Centre UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital Oasi Maria SS San Francisco TROINA CA Enna USA Italy ISBN 978-3-030-54358-7 ISBN 978-3-030-54359-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54359-4 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recita- tion, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or infor- mation storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publica- tion does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Foreword Long ago, when I started learning about Sleep Medicine, the only clinical text avail- able was Christian Guilleminault’s landmark book Sleeping and Waking Disorders: Indications and Techniques. Wow, has that limited publication availability ever changed over the ensuing years! Currently there so many more books it is some- times overwhelming for someone seeking good texts. Available formats include encyclopedic approaches, broad coverage–limited depth approaches, update books, small scope–high depth of subject, and board review–focused publications, just to name a few. Now, when I see a new book I ask, “Is this one useful?” and “For what audiences?” As a career educator, I also look for applicability for both learners and teachers as well. I believe the answer for Sleep Neurology: A Comprehensive Guide to Basic and Clinical Aspects, edited by Lourdes M. DelRosso and Raffaele Ferri, is a clear yes; it is useful to the sleep medicine field. Those looking for a solid coverage with updated information about relevant clin- ical aspects of the field of Sleep Medicine as related to Neurology, but less material than wading through an encyclopedia, will find a good clinical focus and solid cov- erage of major underlying facts and findings. As an added bonus, many of the authors are experienced faculty, having focused their career on teaching, both at their academic institutions as well as for the American Academy of Sleep Medicine committees, courses, and publications. That combination results in a recipe for suc- cess with their subject coverage. Cross discipline students, residents and fellows, sleep fellows, mid-level practi- tioners from neurology-based programs, neurologists, and sleep medicine practitio- ners who want to learn more about sleep and neurology interrelation, and those looking for solid coverage of the indexed subjects, especially relevant for teaching, are all likely beneficiaries. The book’s overall organizational format is well designed to be helpful to the reader. The chapters typically provide an efficient focus for the presented topic with an abstract, keywords, and/or an introduction to indicate the scope. The chapter organization includes integrating the neurological topic with the relevant sleep med- icine topic(s) making it useful whether the reader is looking for specific areas of sleep or neurology focus, or for providing a framework for the integration of the fuller topic scope of that chapter. References are provided liberally for readers wanting greater depth in specific areas but who do not wish to get bogged down in v vi Foreword excessive detail while reading. The coverage of neurology topics related to sleep appears to have been well thought out. I believe the reader will likely find their time well spent as they read this book and that it will be a useful addition to the educational literature on Neurology and Sleep Medicine. Andrew L. Chesson Jr, MD Dean Emeritus, School of Medicine Professor Emeritus Neurology and Division of Sleep Medicine LSU Health Sciences Center – Shreveport Shreveport, LA, USA Preface Sleep science has undergone incredible development during the last decades, prob- ably more pronounced than other areas of science. This rapidly evolving field is still demonstrating a fast growth which will probably continue in future years. As a result of this astonishing increase in knowledge and pieces of information coming from a wide range of studies, experts dealing with sleep disorders may find it diffi- cult to integrate this amount of information in their clinical practice. It is with great hope we present Sleep Neurology: A Comprehensive Guide to Basic and Clinical Aspects as a useful aid to sleep clinicians, researchers, and the neurology and medical community in general. With this book, we want to present easy access to a comprehensive view of the neurologic basis of sleep disorders. We have gathered together experts from all over the world to contribute to this book, with a goal to connect the neurophysiology of sleep with sleep disorders seen in common neurologic conditions. We want the information to be relevant to the understanding of sleep processes, practical to highlight important clinical informa- tion, and concise to summarize all the key facts in sleep and neurology. The review of the list of pertinent citations and references at the end of each chapter provides the opportunity to expand the knowledge beyond the current volume. The group of authors are experts in their field and represent colleagues from various regions of the world, including Europe and North and South America. The contributors bring various perspectives and expertise to this volume. In this first edition, we organize the material into two main parts. The first part covers the neurobiology of normal sleep and sleep functions. We start with a general description of sleep and wakefulness, discussing the circadian and homeostatic con- trol of sleep, expanding into the neurophysiology of dreams, memory consolidation, and sleep deprivation. The second part is dedicated to the understanding of sleep symptomatology in various neurologic conditions. Here, we discuss sleep changes in patients with dementia, seizures, headaches, and stroke among other common neurologic disorders. Illustrations and tables are added to emphasize important key points discussed in each chapter. As said above, the knowledge about the science of sleep has grown exponentially in the last decade and research has shown the association between sleep disorders and many other medical conditions. Sleep disorders can contribute to comorbidities and, vice versa, medical/neurological conditions can present with specific sleep dis- orders. As knowledge of the importance of sleep grows, we see it imperative to vii viii Preface bring forth this book as a reference source of useful information for both clinicians and researchers. We want to thank all the authors for their expert knowledge and valuable contri- bution to this book. We also want to thank Mariah Gumpert and Gregory Sutorius of Springer for their administrative assistance. San Francisco, CA, USA Lourdes M. DelRosso Troina, Enna, Italy Raffaele Ferri Contents Part I N eurobiology of Sleep and Wakefulness 1 Neurobiology of Wakefulness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Lourdes M. DelRosso and Marisa Pedemonte 2 Neurobiology of Sleep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Ibrahim J. Raphael and Marisa Pedemonte 3 Neurobiology of the Control of Sleep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Lourdes M. DelRosso, Joanna E. Wrede, Carey T. Lockhart, and Daniel P. Cardinali 4 The Neurological Consequences of Sleep Deprivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Lynn Keenan and Karl Van Gundy 5 Neurobiology of Dreams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Carlo Cipolli and Luigi De Gennaro 6 Neurobiology of Memory and Sleep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Michael Blechner 7 Neurobiology of Insomnia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Célyne H. Bastien, Thierry Provencher, Jessica Lebel, and Roxanne Bolduc-Landry 8 Narcolepsy and Central Nervous System Hypersomnias . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Fabio Pizza and Giuseppe Plazzi 9 Neurobiology of Parasomnias . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Tommaso Baldini, Giuseppe Loddo, Raffaele Ferri, and Federica Provini 10 Neurobiology of Sleep-Related Movements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Michela Figorilli, Monica Puligheddu, Patrizia Congiu, Stefan Clemens, and Raffaele Ferri ix x Contents Part II S leep in Neurologic Conditions 11 Sleep in Seizure Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 Silvia Miano 12 Sleep in Headaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195 Oliviero Bruni 13 Sleep in Cerebral Palsy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 Michelle Sobremonte-King 14 Sleep and Cerebrovascular Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 Claude Nguyen 15 Sleep in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 Swapan Dholakia and Saiprakash B. Venkateshiah 16 Sleep After Traumatic Brain Injury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 Patrizia Congiu, Monica Puligheddu, Michela Figorilli, Stefania Mondello, and Raffaele Ferri 17 Disorders of Sleep and Wakefulness in Parkinson’s Disease and Other Movement Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 John C. Carter and Vishesh K. Kapur 18 Sleep in Elderly Adults and in Subjects with Dementia . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 Helmut Frohnhofen and Dirk M. Hermann Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
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