Seventeenth NAWQA Workshop on Harmonization of Algal Taxonomy

241 Pages·2008·6.45 MB·English

Seventeenth NAWQA Workshop on Harmonization of
Algal Taxonomy

December 15-17, 2006

Report No. 07-09

Phycology Section
Patrick Center for Environmental Research
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway
Philadelphia, PA 19103

Prepared and Edited by
Ling Ren, Frank Acker, and Donald Charles

September 2007
This page is intentionally blank.
Contents

List of species observed in NAWQA samples and described in the report........................ii
Introduction.........................................................................................................................1
Participants......................................................................................................................1
Previous Soft-algae Workshops......................................................................................1
Objectives of the Seventeenth Workshop.......................................................................2
Ozark Plateaus study unit (OZRK).....................................................................................5
Overview.........................................................................................................................5
Cyanophyta.....................................................................................................................7
Class: Cyanophyceae..................................................................................................7
Chlorophyta...................................................................................................................14
Class: Chlorophyceae................................................................................................14
Class: Zygnematophyceae........................................................................................17
Southern Florida study unit (SOFL).................................................................................18
Overview.......................................................................................................................18
Cyanophyta...................................................................................................................20
Class: Cyanophyceae................................................................................................20
Chlorophyta...................................................................................................................27
Class: Chlorophyceae................................................................................................27
Class: Zygnematophyceae........................................................................................27
Comments on the 2004-start Soft-algae Taxa List...........................................................29
Post Workshop Activities.................................................................................................29
References.........................................................................................................................31
Plates.................................................................................................................................35
Appendix 1: Agenda.......................................................................................................109
Appendix 2: Soft-algae species found in samples from the NAWQA Ozark Plateaus
(OZRK) study unit..........................................................................................................111
Appendix 3: Presentation on soft-algae of the NAWQA Ozark Plateaus (OZRK) study
unit By Frank Acker........................................................................................................119
Appendix 4: Soft-algae species found in samples from the NAWQA Southern Florida
(SOFL) study unit...........................................................................................................133
Appendix 5: Comments on the USGS NAWQA 2004-start Soft-algae Taxa List.........141
Appendix 6: Official USGS NAWQA 2004-start Soft-algae Taxa List.........................183
Appendix 7: Determination of Homoeothrix Species By Dr. Jeffrey Johansen............227

i
List of species observed in NAWQA samples and described in the report

Taxon Name Division Class Order Family Subfamily Full Taxon Name
OZRK: Ozark Plateaus study unit
Calothrix flahaultii Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Nostocales Rivulariaceae Calothrix flahaultii Frèmy
Calothrix sp. Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Nostocales Rivulariaceae
Homoeothrix margalefii
Homoeothrix margalefii Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Pseudanabaenaceae Heteroleibleinioideae
Komarek et Kalina
Homoeothrix varians Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Pseudanabaenaceae Heteroleibleinioideae Homoeothrix varians Geitler
Homoeothrix sp. Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Pseudanabaenaceae Heteroleibleinioideae
Tapinothrix bonetii Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Pseudanabaenaceae Heteroleibleinioideae Tapinothrix bonetii Sauvageau
Homoeothrix janthina (Bornet et
Homoeothrix janthina Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Pseudanabaenaceae Heteroleibleinioideae
Flahault) Starmach
Leptolyngbya perelegans

Leptolyngbya perelegans Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Pseudanabaenaceae Leptolyngbyoideae (Lemmermann) Anagnostidis et
Komárek
Schizothrix sp. 1 Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Schizotrichaceae
Schizothrix sp. 2 Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Schizotrichaceae
Lyngbya martensiana Menegini
Lyngbya martensiana Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Oscillatoriaceae Oscillatorioideae
ex Gomont

Pleurocapsa minor Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Chroococcales Hyellaceae Hyelloideae Pleurocapsa minor Hansgirg

Chlorogloea sp. Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Chroococcales Entophysalidaceae Entophysalidoideae
Cyanoarbor sp. Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Chroococcales Entophysalidaceae Entophysalidoideae
Pseudocapsa sp. Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Chroococcales Chroococcaceae
Gongrosira cf. burmanica Chlorophyta Chlorophyceae Chaetophorales Trentepohliaceae

Gongrosira sp. Chlorophyta Chlorophyceae Chaetophorales Trentepohliaceae
Oedogonium sp. Chlorophyta Chlorophyceae Oedogoniales Oedogoniaceae
Pediastrum boryanum cf. Chlorophyta Chlorophyceae Chlorococcales Hydrodictyaceae Pediastrum boryanum cf.
brevicorne brevicorne Braun
Scenedesmus spinosus Chlorophyta Chlorophyceae Chlorococcales Scenedesmaceae Scenedesmus spinosus Chodat
Scendesmus quadricauda
Scendesmus quadricauda Chlorophyta Chlorophyceae Chlorococcales Scenedesmaceae
(Turpin) Brébisson
Cosmarium cf. subtumidum var.
Cosmarium cf. subtumidum
Chlorophyta Zygnematophyceae Desmidiales Desmidiaceae minutum (Krieg.) Krieger et
var. minutum
Gerloff
ii
List of species observed in NAWQA samples and described in the report (continued)

Taxon name Division Class Order Family Subfamily Full taxon name
SOFL: Southern Florida study unit
Anabaena sp. Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Nostocale Nostocaceae
Scytonema pratii Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Nostocales Scytonemataceae Scytonema pratii Komárek
Leptolyngbya boryana
Leptolyngbya boryana Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Pseudanabaenaceae Leptolyngbyoideae
Anagnostidis et Komárek
Leptolyngbya lagerheimii

Leptolyngbya lagerheimii Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Pseudanabaenaceae Leptolyngbyoideae (Gomont) Anagnostidis et

Komárek
Heteroleibleinia cf. infixa

Heteroleibleinia cf. infixa Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Pseudanabaenaceae Heteroleibleinioideae (Frémy) Anagnostidis et
Komárek

Schizothrix sp. Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Schizotrichaceae
Blennothrix ganeshii M.
Blennothrix ganeshii Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Oscillatoriaceae Oscillatorioideae
Watanabe et Komárek
Lyngbya martensiana
Lyngbya martensiana Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Oscillatoriaceae Oscillatorioideae
Megeghini ex Gomont
Phormidium retzii (Agardh)
Phormidium retzii Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Oscillatoriales Phormidiaceae Phormidoideae
Gomont ex Gomont
Chroococcus cf. spelaeus
Chroococcus cf. spelaeus Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Chroococcales Chroococcaceae
Ercegović
Stichosiphon willei (Gardner)
Stichosiphon willei Cyanophyta Cyanophyceae Chroococcales Chamaesiphonaceae
Komárek and Anagnostidis
Coelastrum cf. cambricum Chlorophyta Cyanophyceae Chlorococcales Scenedesmaceae Coelastrum cf. cambricum
Archer
Gonatozygon aculeatum Chlorophyta Cyanophyceae Desmidiales Peniaceae Gonatozygon aculeatum
Hastings
Hyalotheca dissiliens Chlorophyta Cyanophyceae Desmidiales Desmidiaceae Hyalotheca dissiliens (Smith)
Brébisson
Cosmarium spp. Chlorophyta Zygnematophyceae Desmidiales Desmidiaceae

iii
This page is intentionally blank.
iv
Introduction
Participants
The Seventeenth USGS NAWQA workshop on Harmonization of Soft Algae Taxonomy
was held at the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia (ANSP) on December 15-17,
2006. The participants were Dr. Rex R. Lowe from Bowling Green State University, Dr.
Jeffrey Johansen from John Carroll University, Dr. Kalina M. Manoylov from Michigan
State University, Franco Tobias from Florida International University, Dr. Julie
Hambrook Berkman from the USGS Water Division Office in Columbus, OH, Dr.
Hunter Carrick from Pennsylvania State University, and Frank W. Acker, Dr. Ling Ren,
Dr. Marina G. Potapova, Dr. Donald F. Charles, Jackie White-Reimer, and Jason T.
Zalack from the Phycology Section of the Patrick Center for Environmental Research
(PCER) at ANSP. Frank Acker planned and organized the workshop. Mark Schadler and
Maria Eife helped make arrangements. Ling Ren did most of the work preparing this
final report.
Previous Soft-algae Workshops
Workshops on harmonization of algal taxonomy are held on a regular basis as part of
Cooperative Agreements between the ANSP and the USGS National Water Quality
Assessment Program (NAWQA). The aims of the workshops are to keep taxonomy lists
used for the analysis of NAWQA samples regularly updated and to discuss and resolve
specific taxonomic issues. Three workshops on non-diatom algae have been held at the
ANSP: the Ninth (December 13-15, 2002), Eleventh (November 21-24, 2003) and
Fourteenth (January 14-16, 2005).
1
The Ninth Workshop focused on problematic Cyanobacteria including Oscillatoriales,
filamentous non-Oscilltoriales and Chroococcales, and Rhodophyta from NAWQA
samples. References for the identification of specific algal groups were reviewed
intensively.
Dr. Jiří Komárek participated in the Eleventh Workshop and brought a pre-print of his
Oscillatoriales book, which was first published in 2005 (Komárek and Anagnostidis
2005). In the course of the workshop, scientists reviewed the Oscillatoriales overall and
focused on Komárek’s new classification, and discussed the Tapinothrix/Homoeothrix
complex. They also revised the specimens formerly called Hydrocoleum brebissonii in
NAWQA samples.
The Fourteenth Workshop reviewed the differentiation of Homoeothrix from the samples
of different NAWQA study units. Taxon names of Chlorophytes, Rhodophytes and
Cyanobacteria were updated. In addition to methods of communicating and documenting
NAWQA soft-algae taxonomic data, the application and enhancement of NAWQA soft-
algae data were discussed.
The reports of these workshops will be available in PDF format and downloadable from
the ANSP Phycology website. For more information, contact Frank Acker at
[email protected], or Dr. Don Charles at [email protected].
Objectives of the Seventeenth Workshop
The objectives of this workshop were to review and update certain taxonomic groups in
the 2004-start list of soft-algae by investigating the soft-algae taxa from the NAWQA
Ozark Plateaus (OZRK) and Southern Florida (SOFL) study units. Another aim was to
2
develop guidelines for analysts to identify common taxa in NAWQA samples. We chose
the OZRK and SOFL study units because samples from these study units contain the
highest diversity of soft-algae in all NAWQA study units investigated to date. By
examining samples from these study units, scientists were able to observe a wide variety
of the most abundant identified and unidentified soft-algae in a relatively short time.
The workshop consisted of two sessions: the first focused on taxa found in samples from
the Ozark Plateaus (OZRK) study unit; the second focused on taxa from the Southern
Florida (SOFL) study unit. Both sessions included presentations, laboratory observations
and discussions at the end of each session. See Appendix 1 for the workshop agenda.
The presentations covered an introduction to river systems in the two study units and
problems with taxa from the samples (Frank Acker’s OZRK presentation is included as
Appendix 3).
Two taxonomic groups of algae were studied intensively: Cyanobacteria (blue-green
algae) and Chlorophyta (green algae). Unless specified otherwise, notes on taxonomy in
the following sections, and confirmations of Cyanobacteria species, were made by Dr.
Jeffrey Johansen. Those of green algae were made and confirmed by Dr. Rex Lowe.
Notes from the presentations and discussions, together with images and notes from
laboratory observations are presented in this report. Notes by Drs. Johansen and Lowe
are supplemented by basic information on genera taken by Ling Ren from literature
references.
Dr. Jeffrey Johansen was inspired by the workshop and returned to the Academy from
late March to early April to review blue-green colonial coccoids and Homoeothrix and
3
focused particularly on resolving Homoeothrix taxonomic issues in NAWQA samples.
He examined NAWQA samples from various study units and developed a key to the
Homoeothrix species that are often seen in NAWQA samples. Descriptions and plates of
Homoeothrix species are included in Appendix 7. His work should be used by analysts to
identify Homoeothrix species in NAWQA samples.
4