Securing respect : behavioural expectations and anti-social behaviour in the UK

297 Pages·2009·7.4 MB·English

by  Andrew Millie

SECURING RESPECT
Behavioural expectations and
anti-social behaviour in the UK
Edited by Andrew Millie
Securing reSpect
Behavioural expectations and
anti-social behaviour in the UK
Edited by Andrew Millie
This edition published in Great Britain in 2009 by
The Policy Press
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© The Policy Press 2009
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
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A catalog record for this book has been requested.
ISBN 978 1 84742 093 0 paperback
ISBN 978 1 84742 094 7 hardcover
The right of Andrew Millie to be identified as editor of this work has been asserted
by him in accordance with the 1988 Copyright, Designs and Patents Act.

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Policy Press. The University of Bristol and The Policy Press disclaim responsibility
for any injury to persons or property resulting from any material published in this
publication.
The Policy Press works to counter discrimination on grounds of gender, race,
disability, age and sexuality.
Cover design by The Policy Press.
Front cover: image kindly supplied by Jef Aérosol.
Printed and bound in Great Britain by TJ International, Padstow.
Lack of respect, though less aggressive than an outright
insult, can take an equally wounding form. No insult is
offered another person, but neither is recognition extended;
he or she is not seen – as a full human being whose presence
matters. (Richard Sennett, 2003)
Once you leave behind such class concerns as how to
balance the peas on the back of a fork, all the important
rules surely boil down to one: remember you are with other
people; show some consideration. (Lynne Truss, 2005)
… preventing crime for me also means all of us as a
community setting boundaries between what is acceptable
and unacceptable behaviour – with clear penalties for
stepping over the line. Boundaries that reflect the words I
was taught when I was young – words upon which we all
know strong communities are founded: discipline, respect,
responsibility. (Gordon Brown, 2007)
There was no respect for youth when I was young, and
now that I am old, there is no respect for age – I missed it
coming and going. (Attributed to J.B. Priestley)

contents
List of figures and tables vi
Acknowledgements vii
Notes on contributors viii
Introduction 1
Andrew Millie
part One: respect in context
one Respect and the politics of behaviour 23
Elizabeth Burney
two ‘A Jekyll in the classroom, a Hyde in the street’: 41
Queen Victoria’s hooligans
Geoffrey Pearson
part two: respectful young people and children
three Giving respect: the ‘new’ responsibilities of youth in 75
the transition towards citizenship
Alan France and Jo Meredith
four Every child matters in public open spaces 97
Helen Woolley
part three: respectful communities and families
five Disciplining women: anti-social behaviour and the 119
governance of conduct
Judy Nixon and Caroline Hunter
six ‘The feeling’s mutual’: respect as the basis for 139
cooperative interaction
Peter Somerville
part Four: respectful city living
seven Tolerance, respect and civility amid changing cities 171

Jon Bannister and Ade Kearns
eight Respect and city living: contest or cosmopolitanism? 193
Andrew Millie
part Five: respect, identities and values
nine Civilising offensives: education, football and ‘eradicating’ 219
sectarianism in Scotland
John Flint and Ryan Powell
ten ‘You lookin’ at me?’ Discourses of respect and disrespect, 239
identity and violence
Peter Squires
eleven Conclusions: promoting mutual respect and empathy 267
Andrew Millie
Index 277
v
Securing respect
List of figures and tables
Figures
7.1 The foundations of tolerance 178
tables
I.1 The government’s Respect Agenda 12
6.1 Realms of interaction 146
7.1 The objects of tolerance 175
7.2 Tolerant assessments (of unfavoured behaviours) 176
7.3 Tolerant responses 177

vi
Acknowledgements
As with any book a lot of people need to be thanked for their help and
guidance. Firstly, I am hugely indebted to the authors who contributed
to this volume. They come from a number of disciplinary backgrounds,
yet I believe their contributions have formed a coherent whole. I’d
also like to thank Adam Crawford, Mike Hough and Nick Tilley, who
agreed to be referees for my initial proposal to The Policy Press. And of
course I am very grateful to The Policy Press for agreeing to publish!
At The Policy Press I particularly want to thank Karen Bowler, Leila
Ebrahimi, Jessica Hughes, Jo Morton and Emily Watt. Thanks are due
also to the anonymous reviewers.
Chapter 2, by Geoffrey Pearson, is an updated version of a paper
included in a collection edited by David Downes: many thanks to David
Downes and to Palgrave Macmillan for permitting its reproduction here.
The original reference is: Pearson, G. (1989) ‘“A Jekyll in the classroom,
a Hyde in the street”: Queen Victoria’s hooligans’, in D. Downes (ed)
Crime and the City: Essays in Memory of John Barron Mays, Basingstoke:
Macmillan, reproduced with permission.
Finally, many thanks to the artist Jef Aérosol for allowing me
to use his painting for the front cover. I came across his work at
Banksy’s ‘Cans Festival’ held in London in 2008. Jef’s work can be
found at www.myspace.com/jefaerosol, http://jefaerosol.free.fr and
elsewhere.

vii
Securing respect
notes on contributors
Jon Bannister is Senior Lecturer in the Department of Urban Studies,
University of Glasgow. He is also the ‘Communities and Crimes’
Network leader of the Scottish Centre for Crime and Justice Research,
as well as managing editor of the journal Urban Studies. His current
research interests concern: the interplay between civility and disorder
in the urban realm; territoriality and youth ‘gangs’.
Elizabeth Burney is an honorary senior fellow at the Institute of
Criminology, University of Cambridge, an author of books in the
criminal justice field and formerly a staff writer on The Economist.
She has written extensively about the policy, practice and politics
surrounding anti-social behaviour. Elizabeth is the author of Making
People Behave: Anti-social Behaviour, Politics and Policy (Willan, 2005).
John Flint is Professor of Housing and Urban Governance in the
Centre for Regional Economic and Social Research (CRESR) at
Sheffield Hallam University. He has conducted research in the areas
of housing, regeneration, anti-social behaviour and urban governance.
John is the editor of the book Housing, Urban Governance and Anti-social
Behaviour (The Policy Press, 2006).
Alan France is Professor of Social Policy Research and Director of
the Centre for Research in Social Policy (CRSP) at Loughborough
University. He is the author of a range of publications relating to
pathways into crime, youth, children and communities. With Ross
Homel he co-authored the book Pathways and Crime Prevention (Willan,

2007).
Caroline Hunter is a barrister and Professor in the Law School,
University of York. She has written extensively on housing law and
on the response of social landlords to anti-social behaviour. She also
has particular research interests in the role of the courts in the eviction
of tenants.
Ade Kearns is Professor of Urban Studies at the University of Glasgow.
He has conducted policy-related research into a wide range of housing
and urban issues. His current research interests include: community
mix, neighbourhood quality and social cohesion; patterns and impacts
viii
Notes on contributors
of ethnic residential segregation; neighbourhood change, health and
well-being; and the impacts of residential turnover.
Jo Meredith is a research assistant at the Centre for Research in Social
Policy (CRSP) at Loughborough University. Her research interests
include youth policy, drug and alcohol policies and social exclusion.
Andrew Millie (editor) is a lecturer in Criminology and Social
Policy in the Department of Social Sciences, Loughborough
University. Andrew has published on a range of topics, including anti-
social behaviour, crime and the city, policing, sentencing, and crime
prevention. Over the last few years his main focus has been anti-social
behaviour. He is author of Anti-social Behaviour (Open University Press,
2009), and co-author of Anti-social Behaviour Strategies: A Need for Balance
(The Policy Press, 2005).
Judy Nixon is a principal lecturer in Urban Governance at Sheffield
Hallam University. She has experience in the fields of housing policy
and sociolegal issues. Her areas of interest include responses to domestic
violence, housing management and evictions. For several years she has
been specialising in work around anti-social behaviour.
Geoffrey Pearson is Professor of Criminology in the Department of
Professional and Community Education (PACE) at Goldsmiths College,
University of London. His research interests concern crime, drugs,
youth studies and historical criminology. From 1998 to 2006 he was
Editor-in-Chief of the British Journal of Criminology. He is the author
of Hooligan: A History of Respectable Fears (Macmillan, 1983).

Ryan Powell is a research fellow at the Centre for Regional Economic
and Social Research (CRESR) at Sheffield Hallam University. He has
a broad range of research experience in the geographies of exclusion
and urban sociology. Specific interests include housing market change
and inequalities, housing and identity, nomadism, local labour markets
and the sociology of Norbert Elias.
Peter Somerville is Professor of Social Policy in the Department of
Policy Studies, University of Lincoln. Peter has a background in housing
practice and in research on housing and social policy. He has published
widely on participation, empowerment and social exclusion and has
been responsible for numerous research projects in the field of housing
need, particularly the needs of black and minority ethnic groups, and
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