Table Of ContentScalable Multicasting over Next-Generation Internet
Xiaohua Tian • Yu Cheng
Scalable Multicasting over
Next-Generation Internet
Design, Analysis and Applications
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XiaohuaTian YuCheng
DepartmentofElectronicEngineering DepartmentofElectricalandComputer
ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity Engineering
800DongchuanRoad IllinoisInstituteofTechnology
SEIEEBuildings5-301 3301SDearborn
Shanghai Chicago,IL
China,People’sRepublic USA
ISBN978-1-4614-0151-3 ISBN978-1-4614-0152-0(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-1-4614-0152-0
SpringerNewYorkHeidelbergDordrechtLondon
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2012937043
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To myparents,foryourlove, support,and understanding.
Xiaohua Tian
To mywife, Yanningand ourdaughter,Annabelle.
YuCheng
Preface
NextgenerationInternetfaces two significantchanges. First, a variety of network
multimediaapplicationshavesprungupandinfiltratedintoeveryaspectofpeople’s
lives, which makes it the basic functionality of the next-generation Internet to
providehighqualitymultimediaservices,suchasonlinegamingandvideo,IPTV,
andvideoconferencing.Second,therapidadvancesinmicroelectronicstechnology
have offered new opportunitiesto the developmentof next-generationInternet by
providingnetworking devices with faster computing capability, capacious storage
space,andhighperformancepriceratio.Inrecentdecade,howtotaketheadvantage
of the opportunityby hardwaretechnologyto improvethe overallperformanceof
the next-generation Internet for providing users better multimedia experience has
beenaresearchhotspotinthecomputercommunicationcommunity.
This book studies a critical research issue in this area, that is, how to exploit
the enhanced hardware capacity in next-generation Internet to design a scalable
multicastprotocolfor supportinglarge-scalemultimediaservices.Specifically,we
will investigate the following issues. How the multicast mechanism is working?
Whatisthestateoftheartinmulticastprotocoldesign?Whydoweneedtodesign
amulticastprotocolinthecontextofnext-generationInternet?Howdoweperforma
theoreticalanalysisonmulticastprotocols?Howdoweapplyanewprotocoldesign
to practicalnetworkingapplications?How dowe implementa new protocolin the
ns-2,anetworksimulatorwellknownashard-to-extend?
The book will be of interest to researchers in the area of future Internet,
application-orientednetworking,andmultimediacommunication.Itisalsodirected
toward senior undergraduate and graduate students who major in computer net-
works.
Based on our continuous research on the topic in the past 5 years, we present
the development of a scalable multicast protocol for next-generation Internet in
a systematic manner. Chapter 1 gives an introduction to the issue of the scalable
multicast protocolover next-generationInternet. We describe three aspects of the
issue: first, design a scalable multicast with an application-oriented networking
(AON) approach in the context of the next-generation Internet; second, integrate
the proposed application-oriented multicast (AOM) scheme into IPTV system
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seamlesslyandimprovetheperformanceofIPTVservice;third,developageneric
simulation framework not only to implement the multicast scheme but also to
facilitatethefutureresearchonnext-generationInternet.
Chapter 2 presentsa comprehensivesurveyon the multicast protocoldesign in
thecontextofInternetevolutioninthepast2decades.Wedescribetheadvancement
oftheIPmulticastmechanisms,categorizethemethodologiesofoverlaymulticast
protocols,andintroducemodernmulticastschemesproposedinrecentdecade.After
that,wediscussthetechniquetendencyofnext-generationInternetwithitsinfluence
to multicast protocol design. The typical IPTV network architecture is described
asanexampleofapplyingmulticasttomultimediaapplications,with thechannel-
zappingissueofIPTVoverIPmulticastexplainedindetail.
Chapters3and4focusonthedesignofascalablemulticastprotocolspecifically
forthenext-generationInternetwithmoreintelligentnetworkingnodes.Chapter3
proposes a scalable AOM multicast service model and identifies five important
practical design issues. The first two design issues are resolved in Chap.3, with
theoreticalanalysisandsimulationresultsprovidedtoevaluatetheperformanceof
theproposedscheme.Chapter4resolvestherestofpracticaldesignissuesidentified
inChap.3.TheelaborateddesignenablestheAOMschemetobetteraccommodate
to the next-generationInternetenvironmentand furtherimprovesthe performance
of AOM protocol, which is validated by comprehensive theoretical analysis and
simulationresults.
Chapter 5 investigates the application of AOM protocol to IPTV service, with
thefocusonreducingthechannel-zappingtimeforIPTVsystems.Wefirstanalyze
existingsolutionsforzappingaccelerationandfindthatthetime-shiftedsubchannel
(TSS)-basedsolutionhasremarkableadvantagesoverothers.Asystematicanalysis
of the TSS-based model is developed to study its fundamental properties from
a theoretical perspective. Then, an AOM-Assisted Zapping Acceleration (AAZA)
scheme is proposedto realize the TSS-based model. The advantageousproperties
ofAOMcanimprovetherobustnessandflexibilityofIPTVsystem,comparedwith
IPmulticast-basedimplementation.AAZAisrealizedinns-2,andaMPEG-4video
streamismulticastoverapracticalnetworktopology.
Chapter 6 developsa generic AON (GAON) simulation frameworkcompatible
with ns-2 to facilitate the research on next-generation Internet with the AON
approach.With GAON, developerscan convenientlyenhance the ns-2 nodeswith
customized functionalities and seamlessly incorporate them into the regular ns-2
system. GAON provides a generic scenario control interface, through which ns-
2 userscan flexiblyload/unloadcustomizedGAON-processingagentsonnetwork
nodes.Theregularns-2nodestructureisextended,whereaGAONagentclassifier
is set upto dispatch GAON traffic to correct GAON agents. Moreover, a unified
interfacetothens-2built-inroutingtableisdevelopedtofacilitateGAONagentsin
forwardingpackets.
Chapter7givespossibleopenresearchissuesinthefuture.
Shanghai XiaohuaTian
Chicago YuCheng
Acknowledgements
Xiaohua and Yu want to thank the entire Springer Science+Business team, which
has provided us a lot of help in completing this book. Our special thanks go
to Brett Kurzman and Elizabeth Dougherty, for their management, patience, and
encouragement.
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