Routledge Handbook of International Organization

577 Pages·2013·5.387 MB·English

by  Bob Reinalda

Routledge Handbook of
International Organization
This Handbook brings together scholars whose essays discuss signifi cant issues with regard to
international organization as a process and international organizations as institutions. Although the
focus is on intergovernmental organizations, non-governmental organizations are discussed
where relevant. The handbook is divided into six parts:
• D ocumentation, data sets and sources
• I nternational secretariats as bureaucracies
• A ctors within international bureaucracies
• P rocesses within international bureaucracies
• C hallenges to international organizations, and
• E xpanding international architectures.
The state-of-the-art articles are meant for current and future generations of scholars to enjoy,
working in and further exploring the fi eld, and are also of great interest to practitioners of
international organization and global governance.
Bob Reinalda is Senior Researcher at Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The
Netherlands. He has published about autonomous policy making by, decision making within,
and implementation by, international organizations (together with Bertjan Verbeek and Jutta
Joachim). He wrote the Routledge History of International Organizations (2009) and is co-editor
of IO BIO— The Biographical Dictionary of Secretaries-General of International Organizations.
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Routledge Handbook of
International Organization
Edited by Bob Reinalda
First published 2013
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2013 Selection and editorial matter, Bob Reinalda; contributions, the contributors.
The right of Bob Reinalda to be identifi ed as editor of this work has been asserted by
him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now
known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in
any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing
from the publishers.
Trademark notice : Product or corporate names may be trademarks or
registered trademarks, and are used only for identifi cation and explanation
without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Routledge handbook of international organization / edited by Bob Reinalda.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. International agencies—History. 2. International organization—History.
I. Reinalda, Bob.
JZ4839.R68 2013
341.2—dc23
2012043950
ISBN: 978–0–415–50143–9 (hbk)
ISBN: 978–0–203–40534–5 (ebk)
Typeset in Bembo
by Refi neCatch Limited, Bungay, Suffolk
Contents
List of fi gures ix
List of tables and annexes x
Contributors xi
Abbreviations xiv
This volume xxii
1 International organization as a fi eld of research since 1910 1
Bob Reinalda
PART I
Documentation, data sets and sources 25
2 International organizations: available information
and documentation 27
James Church and Michael McCaffrey
3 Data sets and quantitative research in the study of intergovernmental
organizations 41
Erik Gartzke and Christina Schneider
4 Data and analyses of voting in the United Nations General Assembly 54
Erik Voeten
5 The INGO research agenda: a community approach to challenges
in method and theory 67
Elizabeth A. Bloodgood and Hans Peter Schmitz
6 Globalized public opinion data: international comparative surveys
and regional barometers 80
Marta Lagos and Yun-h an Chu
v
Contents
7 What does transnational history tell us about a world with
international organizations? The historians’ point of view 94
Davide Rodogno, Shaloma Gauthier and Francesca Piana
8 International organizations and the idea of equality 106
Andrew Hurrell and Nicholas Lees
9 Between independence and accountability: exploring the
legal autonomy of international organizations 119
Richard Collins and Nigel D. White
PART II
International secretariats as bureaucracies 133
10 International bureaucracies from a Public Administration
and International Relations perspective 135
Jörn Ege and Michael W. Bauer
11 Problem solving by international bureaucracies: the infl uence
of international secretariats on world politics 149
Frank Biermann and Bernd Siebenhüner
12 International bureaucracy: organizational structure and
behavioural implications 162
Jarle Trondal
13 International organizations and their bureaucratic oversight
mechanisms: the democratic defi cit, accountability, and transparency 176
Alexandru Grigorescu
14 Consultative and observer status of NGOs in intergovernmental
organizations 189
Felicity A. Vabulas
PART III
Actors within international bureaucracies 203
15 Multilateral diplomats in the early twenty-fi rst century 205
Yolanda Kemp Spies
16 Secretaries-General of international organizations: leadership
capacity and qualities 218
Kent J. Kille
vi
Contents
17 The Special Representatives of the United Nations Secretary-General 231
Manuel Fröhlich
18 Multilateral diplomats of Central European states before and after 1989 244
Jacek Czaputowicz
19 The professionalization of international non-g overnmental organizations 257
Wolf-Dieter Eberwein and Sabine Saurugger
20 The values of staff in international organizations 270
Simon Anderfuhren-Biget, Ursula Häfl iger and Simon Hug
PART IV
Processes within international bureaucracies 285
21 What is happening to the staff of the European institutions?
A cross- disciplinary view 287
Didier Georgakakis
22 Reinvigorating the “Second” United Nations: people matter 299
Thomas G. Weiss
23 The role and power of the chairs in international organizations 312
Spyros Blavoukos and Dimitris Bourantonis
24 International organizations and crisis management 324
Eva-Karin Olsson and Bertjan Verbeek
25 Informal norms: shaping behavior in international negotiations 337
Heidi Hardt
26 From internationalization to internalization: spirals of contentions 350
Jean-Frédéric Morin and María Martín-d e-Almagro
27 Learning in international organizations 361
Thorsten Benner, Steffen Eckhard and Philipp Rotmann
PART V
Challenges to international organizations 375
28 Reforming the United Nations Security Council: proposals,
strategies and preferences 377
Thomas Dörfl er and Madeleine O. Hosli
vii
Contents
29 The need for rethinking the United Nations: modernizing
through civil society 391
John E. Trent
30 The use, effectiveness, and unintended consequences of
economic sanctions by intergovernmental organizations 403
Dursun Peksen
31 Public–private voluntary initiatives: enlisting corporations for
the provision of public goods 417
Patrick Bernhagen and Kelly Kollman
32 The politics of inter- regionalism: relations between
international regional organizations 430
Anna van der Vleuten and Andrea Ribeiro Hoffmann
33 International organizations in Asia and the Pacifi c 445
Tomoko Akami and Jiro Okamoto
PART VI
Expanding international architectures 459
34 International judicial institutions in international relations:
functions, authority and legitimacy 461
Armin von Bogdandy and Ingo Venzke
35 The global human mobility architecture 473
Raquel Freitas
36 The architecture of international monetary and fi nancial governance 486
Dries Lesage
37 The global trade architecture: an expanding agenda in times
of fragmentation 499
Montserrat González Garibay
38 Multilateralism under transformation: international organizations
and ‘clubs’ 512
Mélanie Albaret
Index 524
viii
List of fi gures
Figure 2.1: World Bank project stage and accompanying document types 32
Figure 4.1: I ssue areas of contested UN General Assembly votes, 1946–2011 56
Figure 4.2: Contestation in the UN General Assembly during the Cold War 58
Figure 4.3: C ontestation in the UN General Assembly in the post-Cold
War period 61
Figure 4.4: Similarity in vote choices, USSR and US, S-scores and dynamic
ideal points 63
Figure 13.1: Accountability of intergovernmental organizations 178
Figure 14.1: IGO–NGO consultative status can vary in depth among
and between intergovernmental organizations 191
Figure 26.1: S uccessive issue cycles in a spiral of contentions 351
Figure 28.1: Preferred size of an enlarged UN Security Council 385
Figure 28.2: I ntroduction of new permanent seats (cumulative values) 385
Figure 28.3: Introduction of new non-p ermanent seats 386
Figure 28.4: The veto issue 387
Figure 30.1: N umber of sanctions imposed by IGOs, 1915–2005 404
ix