Rock Engineering and Rock Mechanics: Structures in and on Rock Masses

1560 Pages·2014·120.69 MB·English

by  Alejano

EUROCK 2014
ALEJANO
PERUCHO
OLALLA
JIMÉNEZ
EDITORS
R
o
S c
t k
r
u E
c n
t g
u
i
r n
Rock Engineering and Rock Mechanics: Structures in and on Rock e e
Masses covers the most important topics and state-of-the-art in the s e

area of rock mechanics, with an emphasis on structures in and on rock in ri
masses. The 255 contributions (including 6 keynote lectures) from the n
a g
2014 ISRM European Rock Mechanics Symposium (EUROCK 2014, Vigo,
n

Spain, 27-29 May 2014) are subdivided under the following 10 headings: d a
n

- Rock properties and testing methods o d
- Rock mass characterization n
R

- Rock mechanics for infrastructures R o
- Mining and quarrying rock mechanics o c
- Design methods and analysis c k
- Monitoring and back analysis k Rock Engineering and
M

- Excavation and support M
e
- Case histories and Preservation of natural stone
a c Rock Mechanics:
- Petroleum engineering, hydro-fracking and CO storage
2 s h
- Applicability of EUROCODE-7 in rock engineering s
a
e Structures in and on Rock Masses
n
s
Rock Engineering and Rock Mechanics: Structures in and on Rock i
c
Masses will be of interest to rock mechanics academics as well as s
to professionals who are involved in the various branches of rock :
engineering.
LEANDRO R. ALEJANO
ÁUREA PERUCHO
CLAUDIO OLALLA
RAFAEL JIMÉNEZ
EDITORS
an informa business
EUROCK 2014_def.indd 1 16-04-14 11:11
Alejano PRELIMS.tex 12/4/2014 18:34 PageI
ROCKENGINEERINGANDROCKMECHANICS:
STRUCTURESINANDONROCKMASSES
TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk
Alejano PRELIMS.tex 12/4/2014 18:34 PageIII
PROCEEDINGS OF EUROCK 2014, ISRM EUROPEAN REGIONAL SYMPOSIUM,VIGO, SPAIN,
26–28MAY2014
Rock Engineering and Rock
Mechanics: Structures in and
on Rock Masses
Editors
R.Alejano
DepartmentofNaturalResourcesandEnvironmentalEngineering,UniversityofVigo,Spain
Áurea Perucho
GeotechnicalLaboratory,CEDEX,MinistryofPublicWorks,Spain
Claudio Olalla & Rafael Jiménez
DepartmentofGroundEngineering,TechnicalUniversityofMadrid,Spain
Alejano PRELIMS.tex 12/4/2014 18:34 PageIV
CRCPress/BalkemaisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness
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Alejano PRELIMS.tex 12/4/2014 18:34 PageV
RockEngineeringandRockMechanics:Structuresinandon
RockMasses–Alejano,Perucho,Olalla&Jiménez(Eds)
©2014Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,978-1-138-00149-7
Table of contents
Preface XIX
Committees XXI
KeynoteLectures
Shearstrengthofrock,rockjointsandrockmasses–Problemsandsomesolutions 3
N.R.Barton
Rockmasscharacterizationbymeansofadvancedsurveymethods 17
A.M.Ferrero,M.R.Migliazza&G.Umili
Representationofrockdiscontinuitiesinsafetyanalysisoflargedams 29
J.V.Lemos
Foundationsonrockmasses 39
C.Olalla
Theimpactofbrittlebehaviourofrocksontunnelexcavationdesign 51
D.Martin
CasehistoriesofrockengineeringprojectsinChina 63
X.-T.Feng,Z.Chuanqing,L.Shaojun,C.Bingrui,Q.Shili&Z.Hui
1. Rockpropertiesandtestingmethods
Experimentally-basedrelationbetweendynamicandstaticelasticmoduliofvarious
sandstonesandaquartzite 77
M.Alber
ArtificialNeuralNetwork(ANN)basedmodelforpredictingofoverallstrengthofVolcanicBimrock 83
H.Sonmez,A.Coskun,M.Ercanoglu,D.Turer,K.E.Kasapoglu&C.Tunusluoglu
Quantifyingthediscrepancyinpreloadsestimatedbyacousticemissionanddeformationrateanalysis 89
M.Karakus
Anewrheologicalhardeningmodelforpredictionofcreepdeformationofrocksamples 95
M.Karami,A.Fahimifar&E.Pakniat
Energyanalysesofuniaxialimpactcompressivetestsforcoalminesandstoneafter
cyclicwettinganddrying 101
P.Yuan&Q.Y.Ma
Alab-testingbasedgeomechanicalcharacterizationofmetamorphicrocksfocusing
onpost-failurebehaviour 107
I.Pérez-Rey,J.Arzúa,J.Barbiero,L.R.Alejano&G.Walton
Anewapproachoflimitequilibriummodelsforrockjoints 113
M.J.A.Leal-Gomes&C.DinisdaGama
Effectofloadingrateonfracturebehaviourofrockmaterials 119
Q.B.Zhang&Y.Zou
DevelopmentoftestingmethodsofThinSpray-onLinershear-bondstrength 125
Q.Q.Qiao,J.Nemcik,I.Porter,E.Baafi,Z.Y.Zhang&Z.J.Shan
V
Alejano PRELIMS.tex 12/4/2014 18:34 PageVI
Temperature-confiningpressurecouplingeffectsonthepermeabilityofthreerocktypes
undertriaxialcompression 131
A.K.M.B.Alam,Y.Fujii,D.Fukuda&M.Niioka
Proposalofanewrockcreepmodel 137
V.Brotóns,S.Ivorra,R.Tomás,J.Martínez-Martínez&D.Benavente
Correlationsbetweenstaticanddynamicelasticmodulusofacalcareniteheated
atdifferenttemperatures 143
V.Brotóns,S.Ivorra&R.Tomás
Dynamicfracturebehaviorofcubicandcorespecimensunderimpactload 149
G.H.Khandouzi,A.Mirmohamadlou&H.Memarian
Biot’seffectivestresscoefficientofrocksforpeakandresidualstrengthsbymodified
failureenvelopemethod 155
A.B.N.Dassanayake&Y.Fujii
CorrelationofdirectandindirecttensiletestsforuseintheHoek-Brownconstantmi 161
S.A.L.Read&L.R.Richards
EffectofinfillthicknessonshearbehaviourofjointedrockunderCNSconditions 167
A.K.Shrivastava&K.S.Rao
TexturalanisotropiescharacterizationofgraniticrocksusingP-wavesvelocities 173
L.Calleja,A.Rodríguez-Rey,V.G.R.deArgandoña,C.Camino&N.Sánchez-Delgado
Deformationbehaviorandshearwavevelocityunderconfinedtriaxialextensionstress 179
M.Takahashi,H.Park,Y.Fujii&M.Sato
EstimationofrockmassdeformationmodulususingaBayesianapproach 183
X.D.Feng&R.Jiménez
Predictionofthemechanicalcompressivebehaviorofgraniteusingintelligenttools 189
F.F.Martins,T.Miranda&G.Vasconcelos
Theinfluenceofmicrowaveradiationonhardrocksasinmicrowaveassistedrock
breakageapplications 195
P.Nekoovaght&F.Hassani
Considerationsonthelaboratoryestimateofthebasicfrictionangleofrockjoints 199
J.González,N.González-Pastoriza,U.Castro,L.R.Alejano&J.Muralha
Failurebehaviorandacousticemissionpatternofslateandmicaschistinuniaxialloading 205
N.Slatalla&M.Alber
Adetailedlookatpre-peakdilatancyinagranite–determining“plastic”strainsfromlaboratory
testdata 211
G.Walton,M.S.Diederichs&J.Arzúa
Experimentalevaluationofthefracturetoughnessonalimestone 217
G.SuhettHelmer,J.Sulem,S.Ghabezloo,J.Rohmer&F.Hild
Thestaticanddynamicelasticityparametersoflaminatedsilty-clayshalesatthesimulated
depthupto4km 223
A.Dziedzic&J.Pinin´ska
IdentificationofthedependencytowatercontentofthemechanicalpropertiesofChanneltunnelchalk 229
S.Maiolino
UpscalingelasticmoduliinCopenhagenlimestone 235
N.Katic´&H.F.Christensen
ArockmasselasticmodulusestimationusingMaeMohmine’slargescaleexperimentdata 241
N.Mavong,A.Chaiwan&C.Leelasukseree
Damagedetectionofrocksunderconventionaltriaxialcompression 247
R.D.Peng,Y.Ju,L.T.Mao,H.B.Liu&P.Wang
VI
Alejano PRELIMS.tex 12/4/2014 18:34 PageVII
Slitlocalstressrelievinganditsapplicationtounloadingzonationofrockexcavationsurface 253
Y.Wang,J.Yin,C.Zhou&K.Ai
PetrophysicalinterpretationofmechanicalbehaviourofornamentalstonesfromGalicia(Spain) 257
N.Sánchez-Delgado,A.Rodríguez-Rey,L.Calleja,V.G.R.deArgandoña&C.Camino
Measurementofthebasicfrictionangleofrockbythreedifferenttilttestmethods 261
J.Ruiz&C.Li
Reversibledeformationphenomenaofahighstressedrocksamples 267
V.V.Makarov,L.S.Ksendzenko,A.M.Golosov&N.A.Opanasiuk
Applicabilityofacousticemissiontechniqueforverticalstressdeterminationinminepillars 273
G.Paneiro&C.DinisdaGama
X-rayfluorescencemethodsfortherecognitionofmineralsandrocks.Applicationtogranite 279
N.Barral-Ramón,R.Pérez-Álvarez&R.L.Huerta
Laboratoryanalysisofthermalfatigueinlimestone 285
M.Gasc-Barbier,G.Girma&V.Gendre
Identificationofrheologicalbehaviorofsaltrockatelevatedtemperature,casestudy:
Gachsaranevaporativeformation,Iran 291
N.A.Ghavidel,A.Nazem,M.Heidarizadeh,M.Moosavi&H.Memarian
Evolutionofdamageontensilefracturingofrockbymeansofelasticultrasonicwavevelocity 297
M.Ghamgosar,N.Erarslan&D.J.Williams
Theeffectofcyclicloadingamplitudeandnotchcrackinclinationangleonthefracture
toughnesstestonBrisbanetuff-multiplefactorialanalyses 303
M.Ghamgosar&N.Erarslan
AbuHamour,TBMlaunchshaft–arockmassclassificationattemptforadeepshaftinDoha,Qatar 309
J.B.Stypulkowski,A.K.Pathak&F.G.Bernardeau
Understandingtheboundaryeffectsbymeansofnumericalmodellingwhenperforming
punchingtestonsmallsamples 315
J.P.Tshibangu,F.Descamps&G.DiPaolo
Fracturingandindirecttensilestrengthofbrittleandductilerocks 321
N.Erarslan&M.Ghamgosar
GeotechnicalcharacterizationoflowstrengthanisotropicrocksintheStraitofGibraltararea 325
A.Perucho,M.Muñiz&J.A.Díez
Shapesoffailureincollapsiblematerials 333
A.Serrano,M.Conde&A.Perucho
Experimentalrelationshipsamongstrengthparametersinmonoaxialloadingconditions
forporouseffusiverocks 339
T.Rotonda,L.Verrucci&P.Tommasi
AbrasivitymeasuresongeotechnicalmaterialsoftheBarcelonaarea 345
C.González,M.Arroyo&A.Gens
Thecomparisonofcompressionandimpressionrelaxationtestswithdifferentdiameters
ofindenterinsaltrock 351
F.Tavanaei,M.H.Mehranpour&M.Moosavi
2. Rockmasscharacterization
Characterizingtheinfluenceofmicro-heterogeneityonthestrengthandfractureofrockusing
anFDEM-µDFNapproach 359
P.Hamdi,D.Stead&D.Elmo
Effectsofloadingconditionsonstrengthanddeformabilityoffracturedrocks–anumericalstudy 365
M.N.Bidgoli&L.Jing
Geophysicalcharacterizationofaninstablerockmass 369
C.Colombero&C.Comina
VII
Alejano PRELIMS.tex 12/4/2014 18:34 PageVIII
RelationshipbetweenRMR andGSIbasedoninsitudata 375
b
F.Ceballos,C.Olalla&R.Jiménez
Resultsoflaboratorytestsonartificialblock-in-matrixrocks 381
T.Pilgerstorfer&W.Schubert
Foundationpropertiesofvariablyweatheredrockbeneathaheavymineralprocessingplant 387
D.C.Starr&E.T.Brown
Experimentalandnumericalstudyoffractureapertureestimationandcharacteristics
ofnon-linearfluidflowthroughartificialfractureintersections 393
R.Liu,Y.Jiang,B.Li,X.Wang&H.Huang
HorizontalstressesatshallowdepthsinSeoul(Korea)gneissicregion 399
E.S.Park,B.H.Choi,S.H.Bae&S.Jeon
Atoolforsemi-automaticgeostructuralsurveybasedonDTM–acasestudyfromNWItaly 405
S.Bonetto,A.Facello&G.Umili
Estimationofcracktensorcomponentsforthedifferentdistributionsofcrackorientation 411
A.F.Idziak
DeterminationofthestabilityandidentificationofrisklevelinslopesbetweenVueltadeLola
community–ElPeñóncommunity.Mérida,Venezuela 415
I.Contreras,E.Fernández&N.Belandria
Extendedrockmasscharacterisationfrom3Dimages 421
A.Gaich,M.Pötsch&W.Schubert
Ontheuseofthecontinuityfactorforrockmasspropertiesbasedonaliteraturereviewofthe
representativeelementaryvolume 427
P.Zhou&F.Johansson
Couplingphotogrammetricdatawithadiscreteelementmodelforrockslopestabilityassessment 433
V.Bonilla-Sierra,F.V.Donzé,L.Scholtès&M.Elmouttie
GeotechnicalcharacterizationandcorrelationsobtainedinaFlyschunits 439
A.A.Lertxundi,R.M.Bernal,G.M.Ruiz&S.Sánchez-Rodríguez
Ageingofchalkrocksinanundergroundquarry 445
N.Lafrance,M.Souley,C.Auvray,O.Favreau&V.Labiouse
Improvingteachingmethodsofrockmassclassificationparameters 451
P.T.Barbens,L.Uotinen,T.L.Toivanen&C.Edelbro
MechanicalcharacterizationoftherocksinvolvedintheAlbuñuelaslandslide(SouthSpain) 457
J.Martínez-Martínez,J.D.Marchal,D.Benavente,S.Ordoñez,J.Garrido,
S.Martino&M.A.García-del-Cura
Preliminaryassessmentofthescalingrelationshipsofin-situstressorientationvariationsindicated
bywellborefailuredata 463
B.Valley&K.F.Evans
Mathematicaldevelopmentofstress-strainlawforrockblockcontacts 469
R.Galindo,A.Serrano&C.Olalla
Characterizationoftherockjointsbyfractalanalysis 475
R.Galindo,A.Serrano&C.Olalla
GeotechnicalcharacterizationofrockymaterialsfromArteararockavalanche(GranCanaria) 479
M.Santana,J.Estaire&J.Yepes
3. Rockmechanicsforinfrastructures
QuantitativeassessmentofanExcavationDamagedZonefromvariationsinseismicvelocity
andfracturedistributionaroundagalleryintheHoronobeUndergroundResearchLaboratory 487
K.Aoyagi,K.Tsusaka,K.Kondo&D.Inagaki
Developmentofgas-tightnessevaluationsystemforKurashikinationalLPGstockpilingbase 493
Y.Okazaki,T.Maejima,S.Okubo,H.Kurose&C.S.Chang
VIII
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Distinctelementmethodsimulationofstressfracturingaroundanundergroundopening 499
N.Bahrani,B.Valley&P.K.Kaiser
Gravitationalinstabilityofamicaschistformationanditseffectsonroadinfrastructure 505
D.Simic&J.López
ApplicationoftheHoek&Brown(1980)failurecriteriontothedesignofthe
foundationofanarchdam 511
C.M.Baena,C.Granell&C.Olalla
3Dgeomechanicalmodelingofcavitygrowthinlooselyconsolidatedsandstone 517
M.Nassir&D.Walters
In-situstressamplificationintunnelsfromSpain,IranandChileestimatedbyTSIandSAFindices 523
L.G.deVallejo,T.Hijazo,J.M.Galera&Z.A.Entezari
Influenceofintermediateprincipalstressoncorrectionformulaofbearingcapacityofrockfoundation 529
Z.M.Zhang&W.-D.Lei
Aunifiedthermo-plastic/viscoplasticconstitutivemodelforgeomaterials 533
S.Raude,F.Laigle,R.Fernandes&R.Giot
Slidingstabilityanalysisofagravitydamfoundedonarockmasswithanimpersistentjointset 539
M.Cabrera,S.Senent,C.Olalla&R.Jiménez
UndergroundgasstorageinPortuguesesaltcaverns 545
P.Vidal-Nunes&C.DinisdaGama
Slopestabilizationmethods.Alternativesforthecontainmentoflandslopes 551
N.Barral-Ramón,R.Pérez-Álvarez&R.L.Huerta
Applicationoftheelectricaltomographytechniqueinthedesignofasoil-nailingreinforcement
foraslopeinkarsticlimestoneandsandycolluvial 555
I.Pérez-Santisteban,J.Dorronsoro-Pérez&F.Puell-Marín
NumericalanalysisandmonitoringoftheMatinkyläMetrostation,Espoo,Finland 559
J.Pöllä&I.Konstantas
MaindifficultiesandlessonslearntduringtheTBMexcavationinshalesintheNorthportal
ofPajarestunnels 565
M.B.D.Aguado,J.G.deMuro&R.Rodríguez
Analysisoftheconditionsofstabilityandstabilizationoftwoslopes,inAP-68withK.P.59+743
to60+038andinAP-7withK.P.581+250to581+315,andincorpratingtheterrestrialphotorestitution 571
S.Rodón,F.J.Castanedo&M.Sopena
AreviewontheimpactsandcausesoflandslidesassociatedwithrecentearthquakesinIran 577
K.A.Hosseini,F.L.Pellet&M.K.Bakhshayesh
4. Miningandquarryingrockmechanics
Impactofdestressblastingonstressfielddevelopmentaheadofahardcoallongwallface 585
P.Konicek,J.Ptacek,L.Stas,R.Kukutsch,P.Waclawik&A.Mazaira
OptimumextractionofpillarsbyFLAC-3Dwheresurfacefeaturesisthemajorconstrain 591
K.Das&G.S.Kumar
Detectionoffaultsandhiddengranitesinmetallicmineusinggroundpenetratingradartomography 597
F.Yang,C.Du,X.Xu,Y.Liang&X.Xu
Mininginducedstaticstresstransferanditsrelationtoahigh-precisionlocatedM =1.9seismic
w
eventinaSouthAfricangoldmine 603
M.Ziegler,K.Reiter,O.Heidbach,A.Zang,G.Kwiatek,T.Dahm,G.Dresen&G.Hofmann
Detectionofundergroundinstabilitiesinanoldlimestonequarrythroughacousticmonitoring 609
C.Occhiena,M.Pirulli,C.Scavia,A.Astolfi,G.E.Puglisi,L.Shtrepi,C.E.Nadim&P.Bigarré
KinematicanalysesofthewesternpitwallofthemainpitintheLetsengDiamondmine,Lesotho 613
M.N.Lephatsoe,E.D.C.Hingston,M.Ferentinou&N.Lefu
IX