Risk Management of Less Lethal Options: Evaluation, Deployment, Aftermath, and Forensics

330 Pages·2014·102.49 MB·English

by  R T Wyant

FORENSICS & CRIMINAL JUSTICE W
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Risk Management of Less Lethal Options | B
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Evaluation, Deployment, Aftermath, and Forensics | A Less Lethal Options
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Force used to quell out-of-control demonstrations or detain unruly individuals can result in litigation ir
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and bad press for law enforcement agencies. Injury or loss of life can best be avoided if agencies
have accurate knowledge and proper training in less lethal options. Risk Management of Less Lethal Evaluation, Deployment, Aftermath,
Options: Evaluation, Deployment, Aftermath, and Forensics discusses how lessons learned from
major disturbances have helped law enforcement professionals develop concepts and techniques that R and Forensics
police departments can apply to increase successful outcomes, manage risk, and limit liability. i
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The methods presented in this book were developed over a decade of testing, training, evaluating,
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deploying, analyzing, and testifying related to the use of these tools. Topics include:
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• The evolution of the less lethal paradigm through the analysis of the outcomes n
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of major incidents
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• Categories of less lethal options—including impact, chemical, electrical,
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and distraction
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• Riot-control agents (RCAs), which produce rapid sensory irritation or disabling
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physical effects that disappear within a short time
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• Less lethal impact munitions (LLIMs) that deliver blunt trauma, including the study
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of their capabilities and limitations e
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• Important factors for developing a successful less lethal training program s

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• Challenges caused by arrest-related death, in-custody death, e
and Excited Delirium Syndrome (ExDs) t
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• The use and forensic analysis of conducted electrical weapons (CEWs)/Tasers l

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• Effective post-event report writing, evidence collection, and court preparation p
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Risk management of less lethal options requires a complex, multi-tiered approach. This volume provides io
law enforcement professionals with guidelines to manage risk from the street to the courtroom when n
utilizing less lethal options to subdue offenders. s
R.T. Wyant Thomas Burns
K15979
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K15979_cover.indd 1 3/24/14 11:24 AM

Risk Management of
Less Lethal Options
Evaluation, Deployment, Aftermath,
and Forensics

Risk Management of
Less Lethal Options
Evaluation, Deployment, Aftermath,
and Forensics
R.T. Wyant
Thomas Burns
John Allgire
CRT Less Lethal, Inc.
Seattle, Washington, USA
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2014 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
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Version Date: 20140207
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4665-6305-6 (eBook - PDF)
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This text is dedicated to the men and women in the military,
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under the harshest of physical and psychological conditions.

Contents
Foreword ix
Acknowledgments xi
About the Authors xiii
Introduction xxi
1 Police De-escalation Tactics: A Personal Account 1
TOM BURNS AND R. T. WYANT
2 Why We Use Less Lethal 27
R. T. WYANT AND TOM BURNS
3 Prevailing Less Lethal Options for Law
Enforcement 43
R. T. WYANT
4 RCAs: Chemical Irritants (OC, CS) and
Flammability Testing with Conducted-Energy
Weapons (Tasers) 79
R. T. WYANT
5 Less Lethal Impact Munitions: The Forensic
Testing Model 103
R. T. WYANT AND LUCIEN HAAG
6 Validating the LLIM Testing Model,
Documenting Wounds/Injuries 143
R. T. WYANT, C. WIGREN, AND T. HATCHER
7 Training for a Successful Less Lethal Program 171
R. T. WYANT AND TOM BURNS
vii
viii Contents
8 Arrest-Related Death, In-Custody Death, and
Excited Delirium Syndrome 201
R. T. WYANT
9 Forensics: Conducted Electrical Weapons (Taser) 221
R. T. WYANT
10 Aftermath: Post-Event Report Writing, Evidence
Collection, and Court Preparation 261
JOHN ALLGIRE, R. T. WYANT, TOM BURNS, AND
RON MCCARTHY
11 Risk Management for Law Enforcement in
Modern Society 283
R. T. WYANT AND JOHN ALLGIRE