Retirement: Reasons, Processes, and Results

329 Pages·2003·35.03 MB·English

by  Gary A. Adams PhD, Terry A. Beehr PhD

Retirement
Reasons, Processes,
and Results
Gary A. Adams, PhD, is an associate professor and the director of the
Masters of Science Program in Industrial and Organizational Psychology at
the University of Wisconsin Oshkosh, His research has focused on retire-
ment decision-making and bridge employment. He has been published in
journals such as Journal of Applied Psychology, Personnel Psychology, Jour-
nal of Organizational Behavior, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology,
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Journal of Vocational Behav-
ior, and Educational and Psychological Measurement, He has presented his
research at conferences, such as those sponsored by Society for Industrial
and Organizational Psychology, American Psychological Society, and Amer-
ican Psychological Association.
Terry A. Beehr, PhD, is a full professor and the director of the Doctoral
Program in Industrial Organizational Psychology and professor at Central
Michigan University, His research has focused on topics such as occupation-
al stress, employee motivation and morale, team building, employee turn-
over, and leadership. He has authored over 85 journal articles, books, and
book chapters. His publications have appeared in such journals as Journal of
Applied Psychology, Journal of Business Research, Journal of Organization-
al Behavior, Journal of Vocational Behavior, and Personnel Psychology. He
has served as a member of the editorial review board of Journal of Organi-
zational Behavior and Academy of Management Journal, Currently he is on
the editorial review board of Personnel Psychology. He has received many
honors including the Presidents Award for Outstanding Research and Cre-
ative Activity at CMU, Honorary Faculty Initiate Phi Kappa Phi National
Academic Honor Society, and numerous research grants. His research has
also been presented at conferences including the Society of Industrial and
Organizational Psychology and the American Psychological Association. He
is also a fellow of the American Psychological Society and the Society for
Industrial and Organizational Psychology.
Retirement
Reasons, Processes,
and Results
Gary A. Adams, PhD
Terry A, Beehr, PhD
Editors
Springer Publishing Company
Copyright © 2003 by Springer Publishing Company, Inc.
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Acquisitions Editor: Helvi Gold
Production Editor: Sara You
Cover design by Joanne Honigman
03 04 05 06 07 / 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication-Data
Retirement: reasons, processes, and results / Gary A. Adams, Terry A, Beehr, editors.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8261-2054-7
1. Retirement-—United States-—Decision making. 2, Retirement—United
States—Psychological aspects. 3. Retirees—United Slates—-Psychology.
4. Retirees—United States—-Attitudes. 5. Retirees—United States—Economic
conditions. I, Adams, Gary A. II. Beehr, Terry A.
HQ1063.2.U6R47 2003
306.3'8—dc21
2003050393
Printed in the United States of America by Maple-Vail Book Manufacturing Group.
To our families, Carmen, Benjamin and William Adams
and Dana, Matthew and Alison Beehr
This page intentionally left blank
Table of Contents
List of Figures ix
Contributors xi
Preface xvi
Acknowledgments xix
1 Introduction and Overview of Current Research and
Thinking on Retirement I
Terry A. Beehr and Gary A, Adams
2 Contexts and Pathways: Retirement as Institution,
Proces, and Experience 6
Maximiliane E, Szinovacz
3 Retirement Planing and Preparation 53
Mary Anne Taylor and Dennis Doverspike
4 Endgame: The Design and Implementation of
Early Retirement Incentive Programs 83
Daniel C. Feldman
5 Extending Work Lives: Are Current Approaches
Tools or Talismans? 115
Martin M, Greller arid Linda K, Stroh
6 The Economics of the Retirement Decision 136
Charles B. Hatcher
1 Beyond Health and Wealth: Attitudinal and
Other Influences on Retirement Decision-Making 159
Janet L. Barnes-Farrell
8 Self-Management of Career and Retirement 188
Harvey L. Sterns and Jerome Kaplan
9 Bridge Employment: Work After Retirement 214
Kenneth S, Shultz
VII
VIH CONTENTS
10 Early Retirement Systems and Behavior in an
International Perspective 242
Kene Menkens and Hendrik P. Van Dalen
11 Data Analytic Techniques for Retirement Research 264
Michael J. Zickar and Robert E. Gibby
12 Concluding Observations and Future Endeavors 293
Terry A, Beehr and Gary A. Adams
Index 29
List of Figures
Figure 2,1: Retirement Decision Proces 23
Figure 2.2: Theoretical Model of Retirement Weil-Being
(adapted from Szinovacz & Davey, 2001) 32
Figure 3.1: Levels of Analysis in the Retirement Planning/
Retirement Adjustment Relationship 54
Figure 6.1: Labor Force Participation Rates by Age and
Gender, 1967-1998 139
Figure 6.2: Lazear's (1970) Model 140
Figure 6,3: A Stylized Lifetime Labor-Consumption Plan 145
Figure 6,4: A Stylized Wealth-Accumulation Plan 146
Figure 8.1: Influences on Self 195
Figure 8.2: Work Influences 197
Figure 8.3: Marriage and Other Significant Relationships 1.99
Figure 8.4: Community Influences 201
Figure 9,1: Model of Antecedents and Outcomes of
Bridge Employment 218
Figure 1 1 . 1 : Example of Longitudinal Growth Modeling 273
Figure 11.2: Example of Discontinuous Change 275
Figure 11.3: Sample Item Response Function 281
IX