Resource Allocation Strategies and Linear Precoded OFDM Optimization for Ultra-Wideband ...

208 Pages·2017·1.43 MB·English

by  Antoine Stephan

Resource Allocation Strategies and Linear Precoded
OFDM Optimization for Ultra-Wideband
Communications
Antoine Stephan
To cite this version:
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Wideband Communications. Signal and Image processing. INSA de Rennes, 2008. English. ￿NNT: ￿.
￿tel-00376632￿
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No d’ordre : D08-29

Thèse
présentée devant
l’Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Rennes
pour obtenir le titre de
Docteur
spécialité : Électronique

Resource Allocation Strategies and Linear Precoded
OFDM Optimization for Ultra-Wideband Communications
par
Antoine STEPHAN

Soutenue le 15 décembre 2008 devant la commission d’Examen

Composition du jury

Rapporteurs
Michel Jézéquel Directeur des Etudes – HDR à TELECOM Bretagne
Dirk Slock Professeur à EURECOM
Examinateurs
Andrea Tonello Professeur à l’Université de Udine, Italie
Luc Vandendorpe Professeur à l’Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgique
Rodolphe Le Gouable Docteur-Ingénieur à Orange Labs (France Télécom R&D)
Jean-Yves Baudais Chargé de Recherches CNRS à l’IETR
Jean-François Hélard Professeur à l’INSA de Rennes

Institut d’Électronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes
Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Rennes

To my Parents

Abstract 
Ultra-wideband (UWB) is a fast technology that has recently attracted considerable interest
in the research and standardization communities, due to its ability to provide high data rate
at low cost and low power consumption. The objective of this thesis is to propose a new
UWB system for high data rate wireless personal area network (WPAN) applications,
based on the well-known multiband orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MB-
OFDM) solution supported by the WiMedia Alliance.
In a first step, we analytically investigate the use of a linear precoded OFDM
(LP-OFDM) waveform for UWB systems. The resulting scheme reduces in practice to a
simple addition of a precoding matrix, or equivalently spreading sequences, to the
MB-OFDM transmission chain, which does not increase the system complexity signifi-
cantly. The precoding function is then analytically optimized and different resource alloca-
tion strategies based on a classical target symbol-error-rate (SER) approach and on a new
mean bit-error-rate (BER) approach are investigated. Efficient allocation algorithms
maximizing the system range and throughput, and minimizing the system mean BER, are
thus proposed for different application scenarios. The numerical results of simulations car-
ried out on the different adaptive and non-adaptive schemes show that the LP-OFDM sys-
tem outperforms the MB-OFDM system in terms of throughput and range. This is due to
the spreading gain provided by the linear precoding component, and to the efficiency of the
proposed algorithms.
In a second step, a global UWB system approach is carried out. This system study,
complementary to the analytical one, points out the advantages of appropriately adding the
linear precoding to the MB-OFDM solution. Furthermore, a MIMO component is added to
the LP-OFDM system in order to improve the system robustness as well as to provide a
data rate of 1 Gb/s. System simulation results show that the joint use of MIMO and
LP-OFDM schemes in UWB leads to a significant system improvement compared to the
MB-OFDM system. Thus, the proposed MIMO LP-OFDM system can be advantageously
exploited for high data rate UWB applications at reasonable additional system complexity.
This work was carried out at the Institute of Electronics and Telecommunications of
Rennes (IETR) – National Institute of Applied Sciences (INSA). It was sponsored by Or-
ange Labs RESA/WIN/CREM (France Télécom R&D) within an external research con-
tract. This research was also part of the European Community ICT FP7 OMEGA project
OMEGA.
v

Acknowledgments 
I owe my gratitude to all the people who have made this thesis possible with their help,
support and contributions.
First and foremost, I would like to thank my advisor, Prof. Jean-François Hélard, who
has given me an invaluable opportunity to do research and work on challenging and ex-
tremely interesting subjects over the past three years, and my supervisor, Dr. Jean-Yves
Baudais, for his special theoretical ideas and mathematical expertise. They have been great
mentors throughout my Ph.D. by helping me establish a direction of research and provid-
ing valuable guidance and advice. I will never forget the fun moments and the dialogues
we had on various subjects.
Many thanks go to Prof. Luc Vandendorpe, the jury president, Prof. Michel Jézéquel,
Prof. Dirk Slock, Prof. Andrea Tonello, and Dr. Rodolphe Le Gouable, for coming from
the different corners of France, Italy and Belgium to serve on my thesis committee, and for
sparing their invaluable time reviewing the manuscript.
I want to thank Dr. Matthieu Crussière and Dr. Emeric Guéguen for letting me benefit
from their exceptional previous work, which improved my research work significantly.
Many thanks also go to all those who collaborated with me, particularly Fahad Syed Mu-
hammad and Ayman Khalil.
I would like to express my sincere thanks to Orange Labs RESA/WIN/CREM (France
Télécom R&D) and to the European ICT FP7 OMEGA project for supporting this work.
Special thanks go to Isabelle Siaud for her helpful advice and interesting discussions.
All my colleagues at IETR have enriched my graduate life in many ways. I would like
to thank my “Bocal” colleagues Minh, Christophe, Yvan, Patrice, Sylvie and Pierre, as
well as Irène, Youssef and the rest of the staff. Special thanks go to Prof. Ghais El Zein
and Hanna Farhat who have always made themselves available for help and advice.
I would like to thank Marielle for her love, support, and unlimited kindness. She has
always been by my side, especially during the hardest moments of the Ph.D.
Last but not least, I owe my deepest thanks to my wonderful family, my parents, my
sister and my brother, who are always there for me even though we are a thousand miles
apart. I express my gratitude to my parents for having guided me through life, and sup-
ported and encouraged me to move to Sweden and France to pursue my Master’s and
Ph.D. studies.
vii

Contents 
Abstract  v
Acknowledgments  vii
Contents  ix
Résumé étendu en Français  xiii
List of Figures  xxix
List of Tables  xxxiii
Acronyms  xxxv
Introduction  1
1. Ultra‐wideband communications  7
1.1 Historical overview................................................................................................7
1.2 UWB principles and characteristics.......................................................................8
1.3 Regulatory bodies.................................................................................................10
1.3.1 UWB regulations in the USA..................................................................10
1.3.2 UWB regulations in Europe....................................................................11
1.4 Standardization.....................................................................................................12
1.4.1 IEEE 802.15.3a.......................................................................................12
1.4.2 IEEE 802.15.4a.......................................................................................13
1.4.3 Other standards........................................................................................13
1.5 Main applications.................................................................................................14
1.6 Modulation techniques.........................................................................................15
1.6.1 Impulse radio...........................................................................................15
1.6.1.1 Data modulation techniques...................................................16
1.6.1.2 Multiple access schemes........................................................17
1.6.2 Multiband OFDM....................................................................................19
1.6.2.1 Multiband technique..............................................................19
ix