Researching education : data, methods and theory in educational enquiry PDF
Preview Researching education : data, methods and theory in educational enquiry
Researching Education Also available in the Institute of Education series: Education for the Nation Richard Aldrich Transforming Learning Susan Askew and Eileen Carnell Special Educational Needs in the Twentieth Century Jenny Corbett The End of Knowledge in Higher Education Ronald Barnett and Anne Griffin Education and the End of Work John White Other related titles from Continuum: Making Sense of Research: An Introduction for Nurses Gill Hek, Maggie Judd and Pam Moule RESEARCHING EDUCATION DATA, METHODS AND THEORY IN EDUCATIONAL ENQUIRY David Scott and Robin Usher CONTINUUM LONDON NEW YORK Continuum The Tower Building 370 Lexington Avenue 11 York Road New York London SE1 7NX NY 10017-6550 © David Scott and Robin Usher 1999 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. First published 1999 Reprinted 2000,2003 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0-304-70459-8 (hardback) 0-8264-5198-5 (paperback) Printed and bound by CPI Antony Rowe, Eastbourne Contents List of Figures vii List of Tables ix Acknowledgements xi ONE Introduction 1 PART ONE: PHILOSOPHY 7 TWO The Place of Philosophical Issues in Educational Research 9 THREE Critical Approaches to Research 23 FOUR Ways of Thinking 41 PART TWO: STRATEGIES AND METHODS 51 FIVE The Experimental Method 53 SIX Survey and Correlational Designs 67 SEVEN Qualitative Research Design, Case Study and Theory-building 84 EIGHT Observation 99 NINE Interview Methods 108 TEN Biographical and Autobiographical Method 117 vi CONTENTS PART THREE: ISSUES 125 ELEVEN Ethics and Educational Research 127 TWELVE Evaluation and Research 135 THIRTEEN Criteria for Evaluating Research 146 FOURTEEN Transgressive Research 154 References 163 Name Index 173 Subject Index 176 List of Figures 5.1 One-off case study design 55 5.2 Single-group experimental design 56 5.3 Static group comparison design 57 5.4 Pre-test post-test control group design 57 5.5 Pre-test post-test control group design illustration 58 5.6 Factorial design illustration 60 5.7 Four-group design 61 5.8 Time-series experimental design 62 5.9 Time-samples experimental design 62 5.10 Counter-balanced experimental design 63 8.1 Observational types 102 8.2 Observation schedule types 105 9.1 Interview types 109 9.2 Interview focusing and framing 112 This page intentionally left blank List of Tables 4.1 Grounded theory procedures 42 5.1 Pre-test post-test control group design illustration 58 5.2 Factorial design illustration 60 6.1 Error types in relating performance to competence 76 7.1 Research map 91 7.2 Scientific and naturalistic paradigms 94 12.1 IT hardware and software in the 15 schools 139 12.2 INSET for the schools provided by the Project 1995-96 140 This page intentionally left blank
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