Research Ethics in Behavior Analysis: From Laboratory to Clinic and Classroom PDF
Preview Research Ethics in Behavior Analysis: From Laboratory to Clinic and Classroom
Research Ethics in Behavior Analysis This page intentionally left blank Research Ethics in Behavior Analysis From Laboratory to Clinic and Classroom Edited by David J. Cox Institute for Behavioral Studies, Endicott College, Beverly, MA, United States Noor Y. Syed SUNY Empire State College and the Center for Autism Advocacy: Research, Education, and Supports, Saratoga Springs, NY, United States; Anderson Center International, Staatsburg, NY, United States; Endicott College, Beverly, MA, United States Matthew T. Brodhead Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States Shawn P. Quigley Melmark, Andover, MA, United States; Berwyn, PA, United States; Charlotte, NC, United States AcademicPressisanimprintofElsevier 125LondonWall,LondonEC2Y5AS,UnitedKingdom 525BStreet,Suite1650,SanDiego,CA92101,UnitedStates 50HampshireStreet,5thFloor,Cambridge,MA02139,UnitedStates TheBoulevard,LangfordLane,Kidlington,OxfordOX51GB,UnitedKingdom Copyright(cid:1)2023ElsevierInc.Allrightsreserved. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans, electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recording,oranyinformationstorage andretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Detailsonhowto seekpermission,furtherinformationaboutthePublisher’spermissionspoliciesandour arrangementswithorganizationssuchastheCopyrightClearanceCenterandtheCopyright LicensingAgency,canbefoundatourwebsite:www.elsevier.com/permissions. Thisbookandtheindividualcontributionscontainedinitareprotectedundercopyrightby thePublisher(otherthanasmaybenotedherein). Notices Knowledgeandbestpracticeinthisfieldareconstantlychanging.Asnewresearchand experiencebroadenourunderstanding,changesinresearchmethods,professionalprac- tices,ormedicaltreatmentmaybecomenecessary. Practitionersandresearchersmustalwaysrelyontheirownexperienceandknowledgein evaluatingandusinganyinformation,methods,compounds,orexperimentsdescribed herein.Inusingsuchinformationormethodstheyshouldbemindfuloftheirownsafety andthesafetyofothers,includingpartiesforwhomtheyhaveaprofessionalresponsibility. Tothefullestextentofthelaw,neitherthePublishernortheauthors,contributors,or editors,assumeanyliabilityforanyinjuryand/ordamagetopersonsorpropertyasamatter ofproductsliability,negligenceorotherwise,orfromanyuseoroperationofanymethods, products,instructions,orideascontainedinthematerialherein. ISBN:978-0-323-90969-3 ForinformationonallAcademicPresspublicationsvisitourwebsiteat https://www.elsevier.com/books-and-journals Publisher:NikkiP.Levy AcquisitionsEditor:JoslynT.Chaiprasert-Paguio EditorialProjectManager:TimothyJ.Bennett ProductionProjectManager:OmerMukthar CoverDesigner:GregHarris TypesetbyTNQTechnologies Dedication This is dedicated to those who model perseverance through adversity. For my colleagues in the Autistic Community and Anderson Center Internationaldthank you for enriching the lives of so many and for making the world a better place. e Noor I would like to thank Reviewer 2 for all the encouragement they have provided throughout the years. e Matt This book is dedicated to the millions of past, present, and future research participants. Your gift of your time and your body to scientific endeavors is humbling. Without you, none of us would likely have the careers we do. Thank you. e David I want to recognize the individuals that did not consent to research. Their stories are the pillars of research ethics. e Shawn This page intentionally left blank Contents Contributors xiii Preface xvii 1. From Fuller to Fawcett: a human rights history of research ethics in behavior analysis MalikaPritchett,ShahlaAla’i-Rosales,TraciM.Cihon andAlicia ReCruz Introduction: our growingunderstandingofresearchethics 2 Timelinesofprotectionsandthedevelopmentofascience ofbehaviorchange 4 Exploitationforknowledge 17 Necropolitics 17 Protections 20 Knowledgeseekingwithprotections 21 Belmontreport 21 Institutionalreviewboards 23 Collaborativeknowledge seekingfor well-being 24 Participatoryactionresearch 24 Shiftingperspectives:context,epistemology,ontology,and axiology 25 Uprisings,agency,andpandemics 26 Conclusion:advancingourunderstandingofresearchethics 28 References 30 2. Ethical principles and values guiding modern scientific research DavidJ.Cox,VictoriaD. SuarezandVidesha Marya Ontermsandfunctions 37 Principlesandvaluesofmodernresearchethics 42 TheBelmontreport 42 Additionalprinciplesofresearchethics 43 Paradigmsofresearchoversight anddecision-making 47 Thefunctionalapplicationofethicalprinciplesandvaluesto guideresearch 53 Futuredirections 56 Conclusion 57 vii viii Contents References 57 Furtherreading 61 3. Equity, diversity, inclusion, and accessibility in research NoorY.Syed,LeannaMellonandSarahKristiansen Equity,diversity,inclusion,andaccessinresearch 63 EDIAandevidenced-based practice 65 Ethicaldecision-making toincorporate EDIAconsiderations duringtheresearchprocess 66 Forminga diverseresearchteam 66 Responsibleparticipantrecruitment 68 Proactivemeasures topreventcolonialistresearchpractices 73 Barrierstobecomingresearchersandpublished authors: analysisthroughanEDIAlens 75 Conclusionandself-assessment guidingquestions 78 References 81 4. On staying open: thoughts on the ethics of seeking funding for basic behavioral research DavidP.JarmolowiczandRogelioEscobar Onthedangerofethicalcodes 87 Adifferentpath 88 Utilitarianethics 89 Applying utilitarianethicstosupportingbasicresearch 94 Summationandsummary 99 References 100 5. Obtaining resources to support research in applied clinical settings AmberL.ValentinoandOliviaM.Onofrio Identifyingresourcestoconduct appliedresearch 104 Values 105 Systemsofsupport 106 Practicerecommendations 108 Practice1:establishvaluesandconnectthemtoresearch 109 Practice2:obtainleadershipbuy-in 110 Practice3:establishanethicscommittee/RRC 111 Practice4:createopportunities 112 Practice5:createsystems forefficientlyaccessingresources 115 Practice6:createadecision-makingmodelforresearchresourceuse 116 Practice7:buildcommunityconnections 118 Practice8:obtainoutsideconsultationandmentorship 120 Practice9:provide educationandtraining 121 Createorganizationalcultureandawareness 121 Contents ix Conclusion 122 References 123 Further reading 124 6. Subject recruitment, consent, and assent AllisonN.White, JessicaL.Herrod,HollyM.Long andMatthewT.Brodhead Introduction 125 Generalethicaloversight 126 Humansubjectsrecruitment 127 Respectforpersons 128 Beneficence 131 Justice 133 Informed consent andassent 137 Coreprinciplesunderlyingconsent 138 Additionalconsiderationsforvulnerablepopulations 142 Consenttoshareresearchfindings 143 Conclusion 144 References 145 7. Ethical considerations with balancing clinical effectiveness with research design WayneW.Fisher,Ashley M.Fuhrman,BrianD.Greer, VivianF.Iban˜ez, KathrynM.PetersonandCathleenC.Piazza Evaluatingeffectivenessinresearchandclinicalpractice 150 Recruitment andretention 153 Considerationsofsingle-casedesignsforresearchand clinicalpractice 155 Reversaldesigns 155 Multiplebaselinedesign 157 Multielementdesign 159 Otherexperimentaldesignfeatures 159 Protocoldeviationsdue toclinicalneed 160 Participantsafety 163 Billing practices 164 Concludingcomments 165 References 166
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