Remote Sensing Applications in Marine Science and Technology

465 Pages·1983·17.923 MB·English

by  John R. Apel (auth.), Arthur P. Cracknell (eds.)

Remote Sensing Applications in
Marine Science and Technology
NATO ASI Series
Advanced Science Institutes Series
A series presenting the results of activities sponsored by the NATO Science Committee,
which aims at the dissemation of advanced scientific and technological knowledge,
with a view to strengthening links between scientific communities.
The series is published by an international board of publishers in conjunction with the
NATO Scientific Affairs Division
A Life Sciences Plenum Publishing Corporation
B Physics London and New York
C Mathematical D. Reidel Publishing Company
and Physical Sciences Dordrecht, Boston and Lancaster
D Behavioural and Social Sciences Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
E Engineering and The Hague, Boston and Lancaster
Materials Sciences
F Computer and Systems Sciences Springer Verlag
G Ecological Sciences Heidelberg
Series C: Mathematical and Physical Sciences No. 106
Remote Sensing Applications
in Marine Science and Technology
edited by
Arthur P. Cracknell
Carnegie Laboratory of Physics,
University of Dundee, Scotland, U.K.
D. Reidel Publishing Company
Dordrecht / Boston / Lancaster
Published in cooperation with NATO Scientific Affairs Division
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on
Remote Sensing Applications in Marine Science and Technology
Dundee, Scotland
1-21 August, 1982
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
NATO Advanced Study Institute (1982 : Dundee, Tayside)
Remote sensing applications in marine science and technology.
(NATO ASI series. Series C, Mathematical and physical sciences;
no. 106)
Includes index.
1. Oceanography-Remote senSing-Congresses.
I. Cracknell, Arthur P. II. Title. III. Series.
GC10.4.R4N37 1982 551.46'0028 83-9475
ISBN-13: 978-94-009-7165-3 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-7163-9
001: 10.1007/978-94-009-7163-9
This summer school was co-sponsored by:
British Tourist Authority
Council of Europe
European Association of Remote Sensing Laboratories
European Space Agency
Published by D. Reidel Publishing Company
PO. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, Holland
Sold and distributed in the U.S.A. and Canada
by Kluwer Academic Publishers,
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In all other countries, sold and distributed
by Kluwer Academic Publishers Group,
PO. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, Holland
D. Reidel Publishing Company is a member of the Kluwer Academic Publishers Group
All Rights Reserved
Copyright © 1983 by D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland.
and copyrightholders as specified on appropriate pages within.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1983
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized
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or by any informational storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the
copyright owner.
ORGANISATION
Organising Committee
Professor A.P. Cracknell, Director
Dr. W.M. Young, Secretary
Dr. R.K. Bullard
Mr. D.D. Hardy
Professor G. ~strem
Dr. B.E. Storey (Accommodation)
Dr. A.O. Tooke (Social Programme)
Mr. G.R. Whyte (Technical Arrangements)
Demonstrating, Secretarial and Technical Assistance
Mr. K.J. Arbuthnott
Mr. I.M. Ballingall
Mrs. M.M. Bulloch
Dr. J.A. Charlton
Mr. I. Durajczyk
Mr. G. Dutch
Miss C.L. Eggie
Mr. M.G. Flynn
Mrs. B. Johnston
Mr. J.N. Low
Mr. K.G. Miller
Miss P.M. Mitchell
Mr. K. Muirhead
Mrs. K.M. Payne
Mr. W.A. Reekie
Miss A.M. Shivers
Mr. S.B. Wilson
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface
l. J.R. Apel Remote Measurement of the Ocean -
An Overview 1
2. B.H. Needham NOAA's Activities in the Field
of Marine Remote Sensing 17
3. P.E. Baylis University of Dundee Satellite Data
Reception and Archiving Facility 29
4. A.P. Cracknell Data Acquisition and Quality 35
5. G. Paci and Status and Future Plans for the
A. de Leffe First European Remote Sensing
Satellite ERS-l 67
6. P. Haber~cker Digital Image Processing 83
7. B. Sturm Selected Topics of Coastal Zone
Color Scanner (CZCS) Data
Evaluation 137
8. D. Offiler Surface Wind Vector Measurements
from Satellites 169
9. L. Wyatt The Measurement of Oceanographic
Parameters using Dekametric Radar 183
10. R.E. Leader and
J.B. Jolly Remote Sensing v~a Meteor Trails 207
11. J.M. Anderson The Use of an Aerial Infrared
and S.B. Wilson Survey in Identifying Roof
Structures of High "u" Value in
an Extensive Building Complex 219
12. S.M. Singh and Sea Surface Temperatures from
D.E. Warren Infrared Measurements 231
13. C. S. Yentsch Remote Sensing of Biological
Substances 263
14. LV. Murali- Ocean Color Studies ~n Arabian
krishna Sea 299
x
TABLE OF CONTENTS
15. I.V. Murali LANDSAT Application to Suspended
krishna Sediments Evaluation 317
16. S. Sathyendranath Light Emerging from the Sea -
and A. Morel Interpretation and Uses in Remote
Sensing 323
17. R.K. Bullard Land into Sea Does Not Go 359
18. R.K. Bullard Detection of Marine Contours from
LANDSAT Film and Tape 373
19. C. Valerio Airborne Remote Sensing and
Experiments with Fluorescent
Tracers 383
20. T.D. Allan Oceanography from Space 409
Index 435
Colour Section 449
List of Participants 457
PREFACE
This summer school was a sequel to the summer school on
Remote Sensing in Meteorology, Oceanography and Hydrology which
was held in Dundee in 1980 and the proceedings of which were
published by Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester, England. At the
present summer scnool we concentrated on only part of the subject
area that was covered in 1980. Although there was some repetit
ion of material that was presented in 1980, because by and large
we had a new set of participants, most subjects were treated in
considerably greater detail than had been possible previously.
The major topics covered in the present summer school were
(i) the general principles of remote sensing with particular
reference to marine applications, (ii) applications to physical
oceanography, (iii) marine resources applications and (iv) coastal
monitoring and protection.
The material contained in this volume represents the written
texts of most of the lectures presented at the summer school.
One important set of lecture notes was not available; this was
for the lectures on active microwave techniques, principally
synthetic aperture radar, by W. Alpers from Hamburg. For this
material we would refer the reader to "Imaging Ocean Surface
Waves by Synthetic Aperture Radar - A Review" by W. Alpers,which
is to appear as chapter 6 in "Satellite Microwave Remote Sensing"
edited by T.D. Allan (Ellis Horwood, Chichester) which is to be
published in 1983.
This summer school was part of a continuing programme of
activities in postgraduate education and training in remote
sensing undertaken by the European Association of Remote Sensing
Laporatories, with stimulation from an initiative taken by the
Council of Europe. This activity was described in some detail
in the Foreword to the proceedings of our 1980 summer school.
In addition to the main financial support received from NATO,
additional financial support was also received from the British
Tourist Authority, the Council of Europe, the European Association
of Remote Sensing Laboratories and the European Space Agency.
The University of Dundee also contributed in kind, in numerous
ways, to the success of the summer school. I am enormously
grateful to all those colleagues for all the tremendous hard work
and enthusiasm that they put into handling all aspects of the
organisation of the summer school. I am also grateful to those
who have assisted technically in the preparation of copy for these
proceedings, especially Mrs. M. Bulloch who has typed the prelims
and index and retyped one or two chapters, to Miss M.M. Benstead
who has redrawn many of the very poor diagrams that were submitted
and to Mrs. K.M. Payne who has compiled the index.
xi
A. P. Cracknell (ed.). Remote Sensing Applications in Marine Science and Technology, xi-xii.
Copyright © 1983 by D. Reidel Publishing Company.