Reference and Instructional Services for Information Literacy Skills in School Libraries PDF
Preview Reference and Instructional Services for Information Literacy Skills in School Libraries
REFERENCE AND INSTRUCTIONAL SERVICES FOR INFORMATION LITERACY SKILLS IN SCHOOL LIBRARIES This page intentionally left blank REFERENCE AND INSTRUCTIONAL SERVICES FOR INFORMATION LITERACY SKILLS IN SCHOOL LIBRARIES Third Edition Scott Lanning Copyright2014byScottLanning Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrieval system,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying, recording,orotherwise,exceptfortheinclusionofbriefquotationsinareview,withoutprior permissioninwritingfromthepublisher. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Lanning,Scott. [Essentialreferenceservicesfortoday’sschoolmediaspecialists] Referenceandinstructionalservicesforinformationliteracyskillsinschoollibraries/ ScottLanning.—Thirdedition. pagescm Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978–1–61069–671–5(pbk:alk.paper)—ISBN978–1–61069–672–2(ebook) 1. Schoollibraries—Referenceservices.2. Informationliteracy—Studyandteaching. 3. Schoollibraries—Referenceservices—UnitedStates.4. Informationliteracy—Studyand teaching—UnitedStates. I.Title. Z675.S3L265 2014 025.502778—dc23 2014004108 ISBN:978–1–61069–671–5 EISBN:978–1–61069–672–2 18 17 16 15 14 1 2 3 4 5 ThisbookisalsoavailableontheWorldWideWebasaneBook. Visitwww.abc-clio.comfordetails. LibrariesUnlimited AnImprintofABC-CLIO,LLC ABC-CLIO,LLC 130CremonaDrive,P.O.Box1911 SantaBarbara,California93116-1911 Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Thisbookisdedicatedtomystudentswhokeepthistopicnew andalwayshavesomethingtoteachme,andtomywife,Maria. Withouthersupport,thisbookwouldnothavehappened. This page intentionally left blank Contents ListofFigures................................................... xiii Preface .........................................................xv Chapter1—Information....................................... 1 WhatIsInformation? ..........................................1 WhereDoesInformationComeFrom? .............................3 HowIsInformationRecorded,Classified,andOrganized? .............3 WhereDoesInformationGetInterpretedandAnalyzed?...............4 HowDoesInformationGettoYou?................................4 FourTypesofInformationbyAge.................................5 NewsSources—InstantInformation.............................5 Journals—CurrentInformation ................................6 Books—MatureInformation...................................6 ReferenceSources—EstablishedInformation .....................7 Vocabulary ..................................................7 Questions ...................................................8 Assignment..................................................8 Chapter2—InformationLiteracy............................... 9 WhatIsInformationLiteracy? ...................................9 WhatDoesItMeantoBeLiterate?...............................10 TheoriesofInformationLiteracyandBehavior .....................11 PracticeTheory............................................12 InformationBehaviorWheel..................................12 ActivityTheory ............................................12 vii viii Contents StandardsforInformationLiteracy ..............................12 Twenty-First-CenturyFluencies...............................13 TheCommonCoreStateStandards............................13 Standardsforthe21st-CenturyLearner ........................13 ModelsofInformationLiteracy..................................14 InformationSearchProcess ..................................14 StriplingandPittsResearchProcessModel......................14 SevenPillars ..............................................14 PathwaystoKnowledge .....................................15 TheBig6Skills ............................................15 CriticalThinkingandInformationLiteracy ........................15 Vocabulary .................................................17 Questions ..................................................17 Assignment.................................................17 Chapter3—HowStudentsFindInformation .................... 19 BecomingInformationLiterate..................................19 InformationOverloadBarrier...................................20 SystemicBarriers ............................................21 StudentInformation-SeekingBehavior ...........................21 WhyInformationLiteracy?.....................................22 Vocabulary .................................................22 Questions ..................................................22 Assignment.................................................22 Chapter4—ReferenceServicesandInformationLiteracy......... 23 Reference’sRoleintheSchoolLibrary............................23 Reference’sRoleinInformationLiteracy ..........................24 TheReferenceExperienceandtheUserExperience .................24 GuidelinesforPerformance ....................................25 Vocabulary .................................................26 Questions ..................................................26 Assignment.................................................26 Chapter5—TraditionalandContemporaryReferenceServices .... 27 ReferenceServices ...........................................27 E-mail .....................................................27 Chat,InstantMessaging,andTextMessaging......................28 SocialMedia ................................................29 TrendsandTechnology........................................29 ImplementingNewReferenceServices............................31 MakingWiseTechnologyDecisions ..............................32 Vocabulary .................................................34 Questions ..................................................34 Assignment.................................................34 Chapter6—TheReferenceTransaction ........................ 35 WhatIstheReferenceTransaction?..............................35 Customer.................................................35 Contents ix Question .................................................36 Librarian.................................................36 ReferenceInterview.........................................37 Search...................................................37 SearchEvaluation..........................................37 Answer ..................................................38 AnswerEvaluation .........................................38 Follow-Up ................................................39 HelpingCustomersAskBetterQuestionsasPart oftheReferenceInterview...............................39 TheReferenceInterview .......................................40 TheImportanceofCommunicationSkills .........................41 ExampleTransactions ........................................42 Vocabulary .................................................43 Questions ..................................................44 Assignment.................................................44 Chapter7—ReferenceResources.............................. 45 IdentifyingResourcesforYourReferenceCollection .................45 IsPrintDead?...............................................46 PrintResources..............................................46 ElectronicResources .........................................47 TypesofReferenceResources...................................48 Almanacs,Yearbooks,andHandbooks .........................48 AtlasesandGazetteers......................................49 Bibliographies.............................................49 Biographies...............................................49 Dictionaries...............................................50 Directories................................................51 Encyclopedias.............................................51 Vocabulary .................................................52 Questions ..................................................52 Assignment.................................................53 Chapter8—EvaluatingInformationandResources .............. 55 ElementsofEvaluation........................................55 Relevance ................................................56 Purpose..................................................56 Scope................................................. 57 Style ................................................. 58 Validity ..................................................59 Timeliness............................................. 59 Accuracy.............................................. 60 Authority.............................................. 60 Usability .................................................62 Format................................................ 62 Arrangement........................................... 63 Cost.....................................................64 Examples...................................................66
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