Table Of Content

AA Final Report Draft: December 4, 2013 Prepared for the Indianapolis Metropolitan Planning Organization RED LINE AlternAtives AnAlysis FinAl report Draft: December 4, 2013 “In accordance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987, the Indianapolis MPO does not discriminate based on race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age or disability.” (This page intentionally left blank) Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1.0 - INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Indy Connect ..................................................................................................................................................................3 1.2 Role of the Red Line Planning Study .............................................................................................................................3 1.3 Map-21 and the Alternatives Analysis Process ..............................................................................................................3 1.4 Purpose of Study ............................................................................................................................................................5 1.5 Content of Report ...........................................................................................................................................................5 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1. Red Line Study Area (both corridors) ..............................................................................................................................2 Figure 1-2. Red Line Study Process ..................................................................................................................................................4 CHAPTER 2.0 - EXISTING AND FUTURE CONDITIONS 2.0 Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................................6 2.1 Project Corridors ............................................................................................................................................................6 2.2 Socioeconomics ...........................................................................................................................................................10 2.2.1 Employment ........................................................................................................................................................17 2.3 Land Use, Environmental Factors ................................................................................................................................20 2.3.1 Land Use ............................................................................................................................................................20 2.3.2 Environmental and Community Resources ........................................................................................................26 2.4 Economic Development ...............................................................................................................................................33 2.4.1 Transit Oriented Development ............................................................................................................................36 2.5 Roadways ....................................................................................................................................................................39 2.5.1 Functional Classification .....................................................................................................................................39 2.5.2 Jurisdiction and Maintenance .............................................................................................................................39 2.6 Traffic ...........................................................................................................................................................................46 2.6.1 Traffic Volumes ...................................................................................................................................................46 2.6.2 Traffic Signals .....................................................................................................................................................49 2.6.3 Level of Service ..................................................................................................................................................52 2.7 Crash Experience .........................................................................................................................................................57 2.8 Parking .........................................................................................................................................................................59 2.9 Transit & Ridesharing ...................................................................................................................................................62 2.9.1 Study Corridor Service .......................................................................................................................................64 2.9.2 Downtown Circulation .........................................................................................................................................73 2.9.3 Infrastructure ......................................................................................................................................................74 2.9.4 IndyGo Passenger Trip Patterns ........................................................................................................................75 2.9.5 Carpool/Vanpool Programs ................................................................................................................................76 2.10 Bicycle & Pedestrian Facilities .....................................................................................................................................77 2.11 Travel Market Analysis .................................................................................................................................................83 2.11.1 Analysis of Travel Patterns .................................................................................................................................83 2.11.2 Travel Market Context Assessment ....................................................................................................................94 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1. Red Line South Corridor Study Area ...............................................................................................................................7 Figure 2-2. Red Line North Corridor Study Area ...............................................................................................................................9 v Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE Figure 2-3. Projected Population Growth through 2035 – South Corridor .......................................................................................11 Figure 2-4. Projected Population Growth through 2035 – North Corridor .......................................................................................12 Figure 2-5: Existing (2010) Poverty Population – South Corridor ....................................................................................................13 Figure 2-6: Existing (2010) Zero-Car Households – South Corridor ...............................................................................................14 Figure 2-7: Existing (2010) Poverty Population – North Corridor ....................................................................................................15 Figure 2-8: Existing (2010) Zero-Car Households – North Corridor ................................................................................................16 Figure 2-9. Projected (2035) Employment Growth – South Corridor ...............................................................................................18 Figure 2-10. Projected (2035) Employment Growth – North Corridor .............................................................................................19 Figure 2-11. South Corridor Neighborhoods ....................................................................................................................................21 Figure 2-12. North Corridor Neighborhoods ....................................................................................................................................22 Figure 2-13. Existing (2010) Land Uses, South Corridor .................................................................................................................24 Figure 2-14. Existing (2010) Land Uses, North Corridor .................................................................................................................25 Figure 2-15. Community Resources, South Corridor ......................................................................................................................27 Figure 2-16. Community Resources, North Corridor .......................................................................................................................28 Figure 2-17. South Corridor Recreational and Cultural Resources .................................................................................................29 Figure 2-18. North Corridor Recreational and Cultural Resources ..................................................................................................30 Figure 2-19. South Corridor Environmental Constraints ..................................................................................................................31 Figure 2-20. North Corridor Environmental Constraints ..................................................................................................................32 Figure 2-21: Economic Development Areas, South Corridor ...........................................................................................................34 Figure 2-22: Economic Development Areas, North Corridor ...........................................................................................................35 Figure 2-23. Transit Oriented Development Potential in the South Corridor ...................................................................................37 Figure 2-24. Transit Oriented Development Potential in the North Corridor ....................................................................................38 Figure 2-25. Existing Roadway Functional Classification, South Corridor ......................................................................................40 Figure 2-26. Existing Roadway Functional Classification, North Corridor .......................................................................................41 Figure 2-27. Existing Number of Lanes on Roadways, South Corridor ...........................................................................................42 Figure 2-28. Existing Number of Lanes on Roadways, North Corridor ...........................................................................................43 Figure 2-29. Jurisdictional Responsibilities for Roadways, South Corridor .....................................................................................44 Figure 2-30. Jurisdictional Responsibilities for Roadways, North Corridor ......................................................................................45 Figure 2-31. South Corridor Existing (2010) Roadway Volumes .....................................................................................................47 Figure 2-32. North Corridor Existing (2010) Roadway Volumes ......................................................................................................48 Figure 2-33. South Corridor Signalized Intersections ......................................................................................................................50 Figure 2-34. North Corridor Signalized Intersections ......................................................................................................................51 Figure 2-35. South Corridor Existing (2010) Roadway Level of Service .........................................................................................53 Figure 2-36. North Corridor Existing (2010) Roadway Level of Service ..........................................................................................54 Figure 2-37. South Corridor Projected (2035) Roadway Level of Service .......................................................................................55 Figure 2-38. North Corridor Projected (2035) Roadway Level of Service .......................................................................................56 Figure 2-39. South Corridor Historical Crash Data -- 2009 to 2011 .................................................................................................57 Figure 2-40. North Corridor Historical Crash Data -- 2009 to 2011 .................................................................................................58 Figure 2-41. Existing (2010) Public Parking Locations, South Corridor ..........................................................................................60 Figure 2-42. Existing (2010) Public Parking Locations, North Corridor ...........................................................................................61 Figure 2-43. Current IndyGo System Map .......................................................................................................................................63 Figure 2-44. IndyGo Fixed Routes, South Corridor .........................................................................................................................65 Figure 2-45. IndyGo Fixed Routes, North Corridor ..........................................................................................................................67 Figure 2-46. Existing Boardings and Alightings, South Corridor ......................................................................................................71 Figure 2-47. Existing Boardings and Alightings, North Corridor ......................................................................................................72 vi Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE Figure 2-48. IndyGo Downtown Circulation Map .............................................................................................................................73 Figure 2-49. Existing (2010) Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities, South Corridor ..............................................................................78 Figure 2-49. Existing (2010) Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities, South Corridor ..............................................................................79 Figure 2-51. Planned Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities, South Corridor .........................................................................................81 Figure 2-52. Planned Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities, North Corridor ..........................................................................................82 Figure 2-53. Existing (2010) Daily Trip Patterns / All Trips, South Corridor .....................................................................................85 Figure 2-54. Future (2035) Daily Trip Patterns / All Trips, South Corridor .......................................................................................86 Figure 2-55. Existing (2010) Daily Trip Patterns / Work Trips, South Corridor ................................................................................87 Figure 2-56. Future (2035) Daily Trip Patterns / Work Trips, South Corridor ..................................................................................88 Figure 2-57. Existing (2010) Daily Trip Patterns / All Trips, North Corridor .....................................................................................90 Figure 2-58. Future (2035) Daily Trip Patterns / All Trips, North Corridor ........................................................................................91 Figure 2-59. Existing (2010) Daily Trip Patterns / Work Trips, North Corridor .................................................................................92 Figure 2-60. Future (2035) Daily Trip Patterns / Work Trips, North Corridor ...................................................................................93 LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1. Communities in the South Corridor Study Area ................................................................................................................6 Table 2-2. Communities in the Red Line North Corridor ....................................................................................................................8 Table 2-3. South Corridor Household Income Distribution ..............................................................................................................10 Table 2-4. North Corridor Household Income Distribution ...............................................................................................................10 Table 2-5. South Corridor Employment by Income Quartile (2010) .................................................................................................17 Table 2-6. North Corridor Employment by Income Quartile (2010) .................................................................................................17 Table 2-7. CIRTA Ridership .............................................................................................................................................................62 Table 2-8. Existing IndyGo Service in the Red Line Corridor ..........................................................................................................68 Table 2-9. Existing IndyGo Ridership in the Red Line Corridor .......................................................................................................69 Table 2-10. IndyGo Fleet Inventory .................................................................................................................................................74 Table 2-11. IndyGo Trips Starting and Ending within Red Line North Segment ..............................................................................76 CHAPTER 3.0 - PURPOSE AND NEED AND EVALUATION METHODOLOGY 3.0 Purpose and Need Evaluation Methodology .....................................................................................................................96 3.1 Purpose and Need .......................................................................................................................................................96 3.1.1 Regional Context ..........................................................................................................................................................99 3.1.2 Corridor Conditions, Trends and Opportunities ................................................................................................101 3.1.3 Stakeholder Interviews .....................................................................................................................................103 3.1.4 Purpose and Need Summary ...........................................................................................................................104 3.2 Evaluation Framework ...............................................................................................................................................104 3.2.1 Pre-Screening ...................................................................................................................................................104 3.2.2 Tier 1 Screening ...............................................................................................................................................104 3.2.3 Tier 2 Screening ...............................................................................................................................................105 3.2.4 Evaluation Perspectives ...................................................................................................................................105 3.3 Goals, Objectives and Evaluation Measures .............................................................................................................105 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3-1. Peer Comparison of Transit Service and Ridership .....................................................................................................98 LIST OF TABLES Table 3-1. Transit System Principles from Indy Connect Transit Vision Plan ...............................................................................100 vii Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE Table 3-2. Summary of the Screening and Evaluation Process ...................................................................................................106 Table 3-3. Transportation Effectiveness Measures .......................................................................................................................107 Table 3-4. Social, Economic, Environmental Impact Measures ....................................................................................................108 Table 3-5. Cost Effectiveness Measures ......................................................................................................................................109 Table 3-6. Feasibility Measures ....................................................................................................................................................109 Table 3-7. Equity Measures ..........................................................................................................................................................110 CHAPTER 4.0 - PRE-SCREENING ANALYSIS 4.0 Pre-Screening Analysis ...................................................................................................................................................111 4.1 Premium Transit Mode Assessment ...........................................................................................................................111 4.1.1 Modal Options ..................................................................................................................................................111 4.1.2 Historical Evaluation .........................................................................................................................................113 4.1.3 Comparative Evaluation of Modes With Respect to Purpose and Need ..........................................................115 4.1.4 Cross-Section/Right-of-Way Constraints ..........................................................................................................120 4.1.5 Financial Assessment .......................................................................................................................................125 4.1.6 Pre-Screening Summary ..................................................................................................................................125 4.2 Screening of Initial Segment Routing Options ...........................................................................................................127 4.3 Complete Corridor Alternatives for Tier 1 Screening ..................................................................................................130 4.3.1 Initial North Corridor Alternatives ......................................................................................................................130 4.3.2 South Corridor Alternatives ...............................................................................................................................131 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4-1. Red Line Highest Modal Suitability ............................................................................................................................117 Figure 4-2. 2035 Red Line Composite Density ..............................................................................................................................118 Figure 4-3. Person Capacity vs. Operating Speed for Premium Transit Modes ............................................................................120 Figure 4-4. Capital Cost per Mile for Different BRT and Rail Systems ..........................................................................................123 Figure 4-5: Operating Cost Per Passenger Mile for Rapid Transit Modes ....................................................................................124 Figure 4-6: Operating Cost Per Revenue Mile for Rapid Transit Modes .......................................................................................124 Figure 4-7: Initial Route Options by Segment ................................................................................................................................128 Figure 4-8: Alternative N1 ..............................................................................................................................................................132 Figure 4-9. Alternative N2 ..............................................................................................................................................................133 Figure 4-10. Alternative N3 ............................................................................................................................................................134 Figure 4-11. Alternative N4 ............................................................................................................................................................135 Figure 4-12. Alternative N5 ............................................................................................................................................................136 Figure 4-13. Alternative N6 ............................................................................................................................................................137 Figure 4-14. Alternative S1 ............................................................................................................................................................138 Figure 4-15. Alternative S2 ............................................................................................................................................................139 Figure 4-16. Alternative S3 ............................................................................................................................................................140 Figure 4-17. Alternative S4 ............................................................................................................................................................141 LIST OF TABLES Table 4-1. Comparison of Rapid Transit Modes ...........................................................................................................................114 Table 4-2. Transit Mode Applicability vs. Development Density ...................................................................................................116 Table 4-3. Estimate of Daily Transit Trips to the Regional Center (2035) .....................................................................................119 Table 4-4. Estimate of Peak Hour Two-Directional Transit Trips to the Regional Center (2035) ..................................................120 Table 4-5. Pros and Cons of Rapid Transit Modes .......................................................................................................................126 viii Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE CHAPTER 5.0 - TIER ONE SCREENING EVALUATION REPORT 5.0 Tier 1 Screening Evaluation Report ................................................................................................................................142 5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................142 5.2 Purpose of Report ......................................................................................................................................................142 5.3 North Corridor Assessment ........................................................................................................................................148 5.4 Summary of North Corridor Assessment....................................................................................................................151 5.5 Refined Alternatives, North Corridor Assessment ......................................................................................................152 5.6 South Corridor Assessment .......................................................................................................................................155 5.7 Summary of South Corridor Assessment ...................................................................................................................158 5.8 Refined Alternatives, South Corridor Assessment .....................................................................................................159 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 5-1. North Corridor Alternative 1 .........................................................................................................................................153 Figure 5-2. North Corridor Alternative 2 .........................................................................................................................................154 Figure 5-3: South Corridor Alternative 1 ........................................................................................................................................160 Figure 5-4: South Corridor Alternative 2 ........................................................................................................................................161 LIST OF TABLES Table 5-1: North Corridor Assessment Summary ..........................................................................................................................148 Table 5-2: South Corridor Assessment Summary ..........................................................................................................................155 CHAPTER 6.0 - LAND USE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 6.0 Land Use and Environmental Issues ..............................................................................................................................162 6.1 Land Use ....................................................................................................................................................................162 6.1.1 Specific Land Use Interface ..............................................................................................................................163 6.1.2 Station Locations ..............................................................................................................................................166 6.2 Air Quality ...................................................................................................................................................................171 6.3 Noise and Vibration ....................................................................................................................................................172 6.4 Ecosystems and Habitat ............................................................................................................................................174 6.4.1 Water Resources ..............................................................................................................................................174 6.4.2 Floodplains .......................................................................................................................................................175 6.5 Wildlife ........................................................................................................................................................................176 6.5.1 Potential Wildlife and Fish Habitats ..................................................................................................................176 6.5.2 Threatened and Endangered Species ..............................................................................................................177 6.5.3 Section 4(f): Historic Sites, Publicly Owned Lands, Wildlife and Waterfowl Refuges ......................................177 6.5.4 Section 6(f): Land and Water Conservation Fund ...........................................................................................178 6.5.5 Water Wells ......................................................................................................................................................178 6.5.6 Potential Contamination ...................................................................................................................................178 6.6 Title VI / Environmental Justice Analysis ....................................................................................................................181 6.6.1 Discussion of Compliance ................................................................................................................................181 6.6.2 Environmental Justice ......................................................................................................................................184 6.6.3 Outreach Activities ............................................................................................................................................185 LIST OF TABLES Table 6-1. Alternative NORTH 1 Proposed Station Locations .......................................................................................................166 Table 6-2. Alternative NORTH 2 Proposed Station Locations .......................................................................................................168 ix Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE Table 6-3. Alternative SOUTH 1 Proposed Station Locations .......................................................................................................169 Table 6-4. Alternative SOUTH 2 Proposed Station Locations .......................................................................................................170 Table 6-5. Alternative NORTH 1 Sensitive Receptors ...................................................................................................................173 Table 6-6. Alternative NORTH 2 Sensitive Receptors ...................................................................................................................173 Table 6-7. Alternative SOUTH 1 Sensitive Receptors ...................................................................................................................174 Table 6-8. Alternative SOUTH 2 Sensitive Receptors ...................................................................................................................174 Table 6-9. Station Locations Potentially Impacted by Regulated Flood Zones, Alternative NORTH 1 ..........................................176 Table 6-10. Station Locations Potentially Impacted by Regulated Flood Zones, Alternative NORTH 2 ........................................176 Table 6-11. Station Locations Potentially Impacted by Regulated Flood Zones, Alternative SOUTH 1 ........................................176 Table 6-12.Station Locations Potentially Impacted by Regulated Flood Zones, Alternative SOUTH 2 .........................................176 Table 6-13. Number of Potential Contamination Concerns by Refined Build Alternative ..............................................................179 Table 6-14. Potentially Contaminated Sites with Low to Moderate Concern .................................................................................179 Table 6-15. Potential Environmental Concerns, NORTH 1 ............................................................................................................180 Table 6-16. Potential Environmental Concerns, NORTH 2 ............................................................................................................180 Table 6-17. Potential Environmental Concerns, SOUTH 1 ............................................................................................................180 Table 6-18.Potential Environmental Concerns, SOUTH 2 .............................................................................................................180 Table 6-19. Red Line Evaluation Summary for MPO Title VI Policies ...........................................................................................182 Table 6-20. Red Line Evaluation Summary for MPO Environmental Justice Policies ...................................................................184 CHAPTER 7.0 - TIER 2 SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF REFINED ALTERNATIVES 7.0 Tier 2 Screening and Evaluation of Refined Alternatives ................................................................................................187 7.1 Alternatives Evaluated ...............................................................................................................................................187 7.1.1 Alternative NORTH 1 ........................................................................................................................................187 7.1.2 Alternative NORTH 2 ........................................................................................................................................189 7.1.3 Alternative NORTH 1 ........................................................................................................................................191 7.1.4 Alternative SOUTH 2 ........................................................................................................................................191 7.2 Operational Plans .......................................................................................................................................................194 7.2.1 No Build Alternative Operating Plan .................................................................................................................194 7.2.2 BRT Service Characteristics .............................................................................................................................194 7.2.3 North Corridor Operations ................................................................................................................................195 7.2.4 South Corridor Operations ................................................................................................................................199 7.2.5 Summary ..........................................................................................................................................................205 7.3 Transit Priority Analysis ..............................................................................................................................................205 7.3.1 Analysis Results ...............................................................................................................................................205 7.3.2 Summary ..........................................................................................................................................................207 7.4 Running-Way Plans ....................................................................................................................................................208 7.4.1 Running-Way Components ...............................................................................................................................208 7.4.2 North Corridor Running-Way Treatments .........................................................................................................208 7.4.3 South Corridor Running-Way Treatments .........................................................................................................215 7.5 Station Plans ..............................................................................................................................................................218 7.5.1 Station Classification Scheme ..........................................................................................................................222 7.5.2 Station Design Concepts ..................................................................................................................................223 7.5.3 Application of Station Classifications and concepts .........................................................................................225 7.5.4 Station Transit-Oriented Development Summary .............................................................................................230 7.6 Ridership Projections .................................................................................................................................................236 x

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Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE Feasibility Measures Figure 4-5: Operating Cost Per Passenger Mile for Rapid Transit Modes 124 Cost Driver Summary .
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AA Final Report Draft: December 4, 2013 Prepared for the Indianapolis Metropolitan Planning Organization RED LINE AlternAtives AnAlysis FinAl report Draft: December 4, 2013 “In accordance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987, the Indianapolis MPO does not discriminate based on race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age or disability.” (This page intentionally left blank) Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1.0 - INTRODUCTION 1.0 Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Indy Connect ..................................................................................................................................................................3 1.2 Role of the Red Line Planning Study .............................................................................................................................3 1.3 Map-21 and the Alternatives Analysis Process ..............................................................................................................3 1.4 Purpose of Study ............................................................................................................................................................5 1.5 Content of Report ...........................................................................................................................................................5 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1. Red Line Study Area (both corridors) ..............................................................................................................................2 Figure 1-2. Red Line Study Process ..................................................................................................................................................4 CHAPTER 2.0 - EXISTING AND FUTURE CONDITIONS 2.0 Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................................6 2.1 Project Corridors ............................................................................................................................................................6 2.2 Socioeconomics ...........................................................................................................................................................10 2.2.1 Employment ........................................................................................................................................................17 2.3 Land Use, Environmental Factors ................................................................................................................................20 2.3.1 Land Use ............................................................................................................................................................20 2.3.2 Environmental and Community Resources ........................................................................................................26 2.4 Economic Development ...............................................................................................................................................33 2.4.1 Transit Oriented Development ............................................................................................................................36 2.5 Roadways ....................................................................................................................................................................39 2.5.1 Functional Classification .....................................................................................................................................39 2.5.2 Jurisdiction and Maintenance .............................................................................................................................39 2.6 Traffic ...........................................................................................................................................................................46 2.6.1 Traffic Volumes ...................................................................................................................................................46 2.6.2 Traffic Signals .....................................................................................................................................................49 2.6.3 Level of Service ..................................................................................................................................................52 2.7 Crash Experience .........................................................................................................................................................57 2.8 Parking .........................................................................................................................................................................59 2.9 Transit & Ridesharing ...................................................................................................................................................62 2.9.1 Study Corridor Service .......................................................................................................................................64 2.9.2 Downtown Circulation .........................................................................................................................................73 2.9.3 Infrastructure ......................................................................................................................................................74 2.9.4 IndyGo Passenger Trip Patterns ........................................................................................................................75 2.9.5 Carpool/Vanpool Programs ................................................................................................................................76 2.10 Bicycle & Pedestrian Facilities .....................................................................................................................................77 2.11 Travel Market Analysis .................................................................................................................................................83 2.11.1 Analysis of Travel Patterns .................................................................................................................................83 2.11.2 Travel Market Context Assessment ....................................................................................................................94 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1. Red Line South Corridor Study Area ...............................................................................................................................7 Figure 2-2. Red Line North Corridor Study Area ...............................................................................................................................9 v Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE Figure 2-3. Projected Population Growth through 2035 – South Corridor .......................................................................................11 Figure 2-4. Projected Population Growth through 2035 – North Corridor .......................................................................................12 Figure 2-5: Existing (2010) Poverty Population – South Corridor ....................................................................................................13 Figure 2-6: Existing (2010) Zero-Car Households – South Corridor ...............................................................................................14 Figure 2-7: Existing (2010) Poverty Population – North Corridor ....................................................................................................15 Figure 2-8: Existing (2010) Zero-Car Households – North Corridor ................................................................................................16 Figure 2-9. Projected (2035) Employment Growth – South Corridor ...............................................................................................18 Figure 2-10. Projected (2035) Employment Growth – North Corridor .............................................................................................19 Figure 2-11. South Corridor Neighborhoods ....................................................................................................................................21 Figure 2-12. North Corridor Neighborhoods ....................................................................................................................................22 Figure 2-13. Existing (2010) Land Uses, South Corridor .................................................................................................................24 Figure 2-14. Existing (2010) Land Uses, North Corridor .................................................................................................................25 Figure 2-15. Community Resources, South Corridor ......................................................................................................................27 Figure 2-16. Community Resources, North Corridor .......................................................................................................................28 Figure 2-17. South Corridor Recreational and Cultural Resources .................................................................................................29 Figure 2-18. North Corridor Recreational and Cultural Resources ..................................................................................................30 Figure 2-19. South Corridor Environmental Constraints ..................................................................................................................31 Figure 2-20. North Corridor Environmental Constraints ..................................................................................................................32 Figure 2-21: Economic Development Areas, South Corridor ...........................................................................................................34 Figure 2-22: Economic Development Areas, North Corridor ...........................................................................................................35 Figure 2-23. Transit Oriented Development Potential in the South Corridor ...................................................................................37 Figure 2-24. Transit Oriented Development Potential in the North Corridor ....................................................................................38 Figure 2-25. Existing Roadway Functional Classification, South Corridor ......................................................................................40 Figure 2-26. Existing Roadway Functional Classification, North Corridor .......................................................................................41 Figure 2-27. Existing Number of Lanes on Roadways, South Corridor ...........................................................................................42 Figure 2-28. Existing Number of Lanes on Roadways, North Corridor ...........................................................................................43 Figure 2-29. Jurisdictional Responsibilities for Roadways, South Corridor .....................................................................................44 Figure 2-30. Jurisdictional Responsibilities for Roadways, North Corridor ......................................................................................45 Figure 2-31. South Corridor Existing (2010) Roadway Volumes .....................................................................................................47 Figure 2-32. North Corridor Existing (2010) Roadway Volumes ......................................................................................................48 Figure 2-33. South Corridor Signalized Intersections ......................................................................................................................50 Figure 2-34. North Corridor Signalized Intersections ......................................................................................................................51 Figure 2-35. South Corridor Existing (2010) Roadway Level of Service .........................................................................................53 Figure 2-36. North Corridor Existing (2010) Roadway Level of Service ..........................................................................................54 Figure 2-37. South Corridor Projected (2035) Roadway Level of Service .......................................................................................55 Figure 2-38. North Corridor Projected (2035) Roadway Level of Service .......................................................................................56 Figure 2-39. South Corridor Historical Crash Data -- 2009 to 2011 .................................................................................................57 Figure 2-40. North Corridor Historical Crash Data -- 2009 to 2011 .................................................................................................58 Figure 2-41. Existing (2010) Public Parking Locations, South Corridor ..........................................................................................60 Figure 2-42. Existing (2010) Public Parking Locations, North Corridor ...........................................................................................61 Figure 2-43. Current IndyGo System Map .......................................................................................................................................63 Figure 2-44. IndyGo Fixed Routes, South Corridor .........................................................................................................................65 Figure 2-45. IndyGo Fixed Routes, North Corridor ..........................................................................................................................67 Figure 2-46. Existing Boardings and Alightings, South Corridor ......................................................................................................71 Figure 2-47. Existing Boardings and Alightings, North Corridor ......................................................................................................72 vi Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE Figure 2-48. IndyGo Downtown Circulation Map .............................................................................................................................73 Figure 2-49. Existing (2010) Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities, South Corridor ..............................................................................78 Figure 2-49. Existing (2010) Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities, South Corridor ..............................................................................79 Figure 2-51. Planned Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities, South Corridor .........................................................................................81 Figure 2-52. Planned Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities, North Corridor ..........................................................................................82 Figure 2-53. Existing (2010) Daily Trip Patterns / All Trips, South Corridor .....................................................................................85 Figure 2-54. Future (2035) Daily Trip Patterns / All Trips, South Corridor .......................................................................................86 Figure 2-55. Existing (2010) Daily Trip Patterns / Work Trips, South Corridor ................................................................................87 Figure 2-56. Future (2035) Daily Trip Patterns / Work Trips, South Corridor ..................................................................................88 Figure 2-57. Existing (2010) Daily Trip Patterns / All Trips, North Corridor .....................................................................................90 Figure 2-58. Future (2035) Daily Trip Patterns / All Trips, North Corridor ........................................................................................91 Figure 2-59. Existing (2010) Daily Trip Patterns / Work Trips, North Corridor .................................................................................92 Figure 2-60. Future (2035) Daily Trip Patterns / Work Trips, North Corridor ...................................................................................93 LIST OF TABLES Table 2-1. Communities in the South Corridor Study Area ................................................................................................................6 Table 2-2. Communities in the Red Line North Corridor ....................................................................................................................8 Table 2-3. South Corridor Household Income Distribution ..............................................................................................................10 Table 2-4. North Corridor Household Income Distribution ...............................................................................................................10 Table 2-5. South Corridor Employment by Income Quartile (2010) .................................................................................................17 Table 2-6. North Corridor Employment by Income Quartile (2010) .................................................................................................17 Table 2-7. CIRTA Ridership .............................................................................................................................................................62 Table 2-8. Existing IndyGo Service in the Red Line Corridor ..........................................................................................................68 Table 2-9. Existing IndyGo Ridership in the Red Line Corridor .......................................................................................................69 Table 2-10. IndyGo Fleet Inventory .................................................................................................................................................74 Table 2-11. IndyGo Trips Starting and Ending within Red Line North Segment ..............................................................................76 CHAPTER 3.0 - PURPOSE AND NEED AND EVALUATION METHODOLOGY 3.0 Purpose and Need Evaluation Methodology .....................................................................................................................96 3.1 Purpose and Need .......................................................................................................................................................96 3.1.1 Regional Context ..........................................................................................................................................................99 3.1.2 Corridor Conditions, Trends and Opportunities ................................................................................................101 3.1.3 Stakeholder Interviews .....................................................................................................................................103 3.1.4 Purpose and Need Summary ...........................................................................................................................104 3.2 Evaluation Framework ...............................................................................................................................................104 3.2.1 Pre-Screening ...................................................................................................................................................104 3.2.2 Tier 1 Screening ...............................................................................................................................................104 3.2.3 Tier 2 Screening ...............................................................................................................................................105 3.2.4 Evaluation Perspectives ...................................................................................................................................105 3.3 Goals, Objectives and Evaluation Measures .............................................................................................................105 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 3-1. Peer Comparison of Transit Service and Ridership .....................................................................................................98 LIST OF TABLES Table 3-1. Transit System Principles from Indy Connect Transit Vision Plan ...............................................................................100 vii Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE Table 3-2. Summary of the Screening and Evaluation Process ...................................................................................................106 Table 3-3. Transportation Effectiveness Measures .......................................................................................................................107 Table 3-4. Social, Economic, Environmental Impact Measures ....................................................................................................108 Table 3-5. Cost Effectiveness Measures ......................................................................................................................................109 Table 3-6. Feasibility Measures ....................................................................................................................................................109 Table 3-7. Equity Measures ..........................................................................................................................................................110 CHAPTER 4.0 - PRE-SCREENING ANALYSIS 4.0 Pre-Screening Analysis ...................................................................................................................................................111 4.1 Premium Transit Mode Assessment ...........................................................................................................................111 4.1.1 Modal Options ..................................................................................................................................................111 4.1.2 Historical Evaluation .........................................................................................................................................113 4.1.3 Comparative Evaluation of Modes With Respect to Purpose and Need ..........................................................115 4.1.4 Cross-Section/Right-of-Way Constraints ..........................................................................................................120 4.1.5 Financial Assessment .......................................................................................................................................125 4.1.6 Pre-Screening Summary ..................................................................................................................................125 4.2 Screening of Initial Segment Routing Options ...........................................................................................................127 4.3 Complete Corridor Alternatives for Tier 1 Screening ..................................................................................................130 4.3.1 Initial North Corridor Alternatives ......................................................................................................................130 4.3.2 South Corridor Alternatives ...............................................................................................................................131 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 4-1. Red Line Highest Modal Suitability ............................................................................................................................117 Figure 4-2. 2035 Red Line Composite Density ..............................................................................................................................118 Figure 4-3. Person Capacity vs. Operating Speed for Premium Transit Modes ............................................................................120 Figure 4-4. Capital Cost per Mile for Different BRT and Rail Systems ..........................................................................................123 Figure 4-5: Operating Cost Per Passenger Mile for Rapid Transit Modes ....................................................................................124 Figure 4-6: Operating Cost Per Revenue Mile for Rapid Transit Modes .......................................................................................124 Figure 4-7: Initial Route Options by Segment ................................................................................................................................128 Figure 4-8: Alternative N1 ..............................................................................................................................................................132 Figure 4-9. Alternative N2 ..............................................................................................................................................................133 Figure 4-10. Alternative N3 ............................................................................................................................................................134 Figure 4-11. Alternative N4 ............................................................................................................................................................135 Figure 4-12. Alternative N5 ............................................................................................................................................................136 Figure 4-13. Alternative N6 ............................................................................................................................................................137 Figure 4-14. Alternative S1 ............................................................................................................................................................138 Figure 4-15. Alternative S2 ............................................................................................................................................................139 Figure 4-16. Alternative S3 ............................................................................................................................................................140 Figure 4-17. Alternative S4 ............................................................................................................................................................141 LIST OF TABLES Table 4-1. Comparison of Rapid Transit Modes ...........................................................................................................................114 Table 4-2. Transit Mode Applicability vs. Development Density ...................................................................................................116 Table 4-3. Estimate of Daily Transit Trips to the Regional Center (2035) .....................................................................................119 Table 4-4. Estimate of Peak Hour Two-Directional Transit Trips to the Regional Center (2035) ..................................................120 Table 4-5. Pros and Cons of Rapid Transit Modes .......................................................................................................................126 viii Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE CHAPTER 5.0 - TIER ONE SCREENING EVALUATION REPORT 5.0 Tier 1 Screening Evaluation Report ................................................................................................................................142 5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................142 5.2 Purpose of Report ......................................................................................................................................................142 5.3 North Corridor Assessment ........................................................................................................................................148 5.4 Summary of North Corridor Assessment....................................................................................................................151 5.5 Refined Alternatives, North Corridor Assessment ......................................................................................................152 5.6 South Corridor Assessment .......................................................................................................................................155 5.7 Summary of South Corridor Assessment ...................................................................................................................158 5.8 Refined Alternatives, South Corridor Assessment .....................................................................................................159 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 5-1. North Corridor Alternative 1 .........................................................................................................................................153 Figure 5-2. North Corridor Alternative 2 .........................................................................................................................................154 Figure 5-3: South Corridor Alternative 1 ........................................................................................................................................160 Figure 5-4: South Corridor Alternative 2 ........................................................................................................................................161 LIST OF TABLES Table 5-1: North Corridor Assessment Summary ..........................................................................................................................148 Table 5-2: South Corridor Assessment Summary ..........................................................................................................................155 CHAPTER 6.0 - LAND USE AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES 6.0 Land Use and Environmental Issues ..............................................................................................................................162 6.1 Land Use ....................................................................................................................................................................162 6.1.1 Specific Land Use Interface ..............................................................................................................................163 6.1.2 Station Locations ..............................................................................................................................................166 6.2 Air Quality ...................................................................................................................................................................171 6.3 Noise and Vibration ....................................................................................................................................................172 6.4 Ecosystems and Habitat ............................................................................................................................................174 6.4.1 Water Resources ..............................................................................................................................................174 6.4.2 Floodplains .......................................................................................................................................................175 6.5 Wildlife ........................................................................................................................................................................176 6.5.1 Potential Wildlife and Fish Habitats ..................................................................................................................176 6.5.2 Threatened and Endangered Species ..............................................................................................................177 6.5.3 Section 4(f): Historic Sites, Publicly Owned Lands, Wildlife and Waterfowl Refuges ......................................177 6.5.4 Section 6(f): Land and Water Conservation Fund ...........................................................................................178 6.5.5 Water Wells ......................................................................................................................................................178 6.5.6 Potential Contamination ...................................................................................................................................178 6.6 Title VI / Environmental Justice Analysis ....................................................................................................................181 6.6.1 Discussion of Compliance ................................................................................................................................181 6.6.2 Environmental Justice ......................................................................................................................................184 6.6.3 Outreach Activities ............................................................................................................................................185 LIST OF TABLES Table 6-1. Alternative NORTH 1 Proposed Station Locations .......................................................................................................166 Table 6-2. Alternative NORTH 2 Proposed Station Locations .......................................................................................................168 ix Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE Table 6-3. Alternative SOUTH 1 Proposed Station Locations .......................................................................................................169 Table 6-4. Alternative SOUTH 2 Proposed Station Locations .......................................................................................................170 Table 6-5. Alternative NORTH 1 Sensitive Receptors ...................................................................................................................173 Table 6-6. Alternative NORTH 2 Sensitive Receptors ...................................................................................................................173 Table 6-7. Alternative SOUTH 1 Sensitive Receptors ...................................................................................................................174 Table 6-8. Alternative SOUTH 2 Sensitive Receptors ...................................................................................................................174 Table 6-9. Station Locations Potentially Impacted by Regulated Flood Zones, Alternative NORTH 1 ..........................................176 Table 6-10. Station Locations Potentially Impacted by Regulated Flood Zones, Alternative NORTH 2 ........................................176 Table 6-11. Station Locations Potentially Impacted by Regulated Flood Zones, Alternative SOUTH 1 ........................................176 Table 6-12.Station Locations Potentially Impacted by Regulated Flood Zones, Alternative SOUTH 2 .........................................176 Table 6-13. Number of Potential Contamination Concerns by Refined Build Alternative ..............................................................179 Table 6-14. Potentially Contaminated Sites with Low to Moderate Concern .................................................................................179 Table 6-15. Potential Environmental Concerns, NORTH 1 ............................................................................................................180 Table 6-16. Potential Environmental Concerns, NORTH 2 ............................................................................................................180 Table 6-17. Potential Environmental Concerns, SOUTH 1 ............................................................................................................180 Table 6-18.Potential Environmental Concerns, SOUTH 2 .............................................................................................................180 Table 6-19. Red Line Evaluation Summary for MPO Title VI Policies ...........................................................................................182 Table 6-20. Red Line Evaluation Summary for MPO Environmental Justice Policies ...................................................................184 CHAPTER 7.0 - TIER 2 SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF REFINED ALTERNATIVES 7.0 Tier 2 Screening and Evaluation of Refined Alternatives ................................................................................................187 7.1 Alternatives Evaluated ...............................................................................................................................................187 7.1.1 Alternative NORTH 1 ........................................................................................................................................187 7.1.2 Alternative NORTH 2 ........................................................................................................................................189 7.1.3 Alternative NORTH 1 ........................................................................................................................................191 7.1.4 Alternative SOUTH 2 ........................................................................................................................................191 7.2 Operational Plans .......................................................................................................................................................194 7.2.1 No Build Alternative Operating Plan .................................................................................................................194 7.2.2 BRT Service Characteristics .............................................................................................................................194 7.2.3 North Corridor Operations ................................................................................................................................195 7.2.4 South Corridor Operations ................................................................................................................................199 7.2.5 Summary ..........................................................................................................................................................205 7.3 Transit Priority Analysis ..............................................................................................................................................205 7.3.1 Analysis Results ...............................................................................................................................................205 7.3.2 Summary ..........................................................................................................................................................207 7.4 Running-Way Plans ....................................................................................................................................................208 7.4.1 Running-Way Components ...............................................................................................................................208 7.4.2 North Corridor Running-Way Treatments .........................................................................................................208 7.4.3 South Corridor Running-Way Treatments .........................................................................................................215 7.5 Station Plans ..............................................................................................................................................................218 7.5.1 Station Classification Scheme ..........................................................................................................................222 7.5.2 Station Design Concepts ..................................................................................................................................223 7.5.3 Application of Station Classifications and concepts .........................................................................................225 7.5.4 Station Transit-Oriented Development Summary .............................................................................................230 7.6 Ridership Projections .................................................................................................................................................236 x

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Alternatives Analysis Final Report: RED LINE Feasibility Measures Figure 4-5: Operating Cost Per Passenger Mile for Rapid Transit Modes 124 Cost Driver Summary .
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