Mathematics for Industry 9 Yasuhiro Suzuki Masami Hagiya Editors Recent Advances in Natural Computing Selected Results from the IWNC 7 Symposium Mathematics for Industry Volume 9 Editor-in-Chief Masato Wakayama(Kyushu University, Japan) Scientific Board Members RobertS. Anderssen (CommonwealthScientific and IndustrialResearch Organisation, Australia) Heinz H.Bauschke (The Universityof BritishColumbia,Canada) Philip Broadbridge (LaTrobe University, Australia) JinCheng(Fudan University, China) MoniqueChyba(University ofHawaii atMa¯noa, USA) Georges-Henri Cottet (JosephFourier University, France) JoséAlberto Cuminato (University of São Paulo,Brazil) Shin-ichiro Ei(Hokkaido University, Japan) Yasuhide Fukumoto(KyushuUniversity, Japan) Jonathan R.M.Hosking(IBM T.J. Watson Research Center,USA) Alejandro Jofré (University ofChile, Chile) Kerry Landman(TheUniversity ofMelbourne, Australia) RobertMcKibbin (Massey University, NewZealand) Geoff Mercer(Australian National University, Australia) (Deceased,2014) Andrea Parmeggiani (University ofMontpellier 2,France) JillPipher(Brown University, USA) KonradPolthier(Free University ofBerlin,Germany) W.H.A.Schilders (EindhovenUniversity ofTechnology, The Netherlands) Zuowei Shen(National University ofSingapore, Singapore) Kim-ChuanToh (National Universityof Singapore,Singapore) EvgenyVerbitskiy(Leiden University, The Netherlands) NakahiroYoshida (University of Tokyo,Japan) Aims & Scope Themeaningof‘‘MathematicsforIndustry’’(sometimesabbreviatedasMIorMfI)isdifferent from that of ‘‘Mathematics in Industry’’ (or of ‘‘Industrial Mathematics’’). The latter is restrictive:ittendstobeidentifiedwiththeactualmathematicsthatspecificallyarisesinthe daily management and operation of manufacturing. The former, however, denotes a new researchfieldinmathematicsthatmayserveasafoundationforcreatingfuturetechnologies. This concept was born from the integration and reorganization of pure and applied mathematicsinthepresentdayintoafluidandversatileformcapableofstimulatingawareness oftheimportanceofmathematicsinindustry,aswellasrespondingtotheneedsofindustrial technologies.Thehistoryofthisintegrationandreorganizationindicatesthatthisbasicidea willsomedayfindincreasingutility.Mathematicscanbeakeytechnologyinmodernsociety. The series aims to promote this trend by (1) providing comprehensive content on applications of mathematics, especially to industry technologies via various types of scientific research, (2) introducing basic, useful, necessary and crucial knowledge for severalapplicationsthroughconcretesubjects,and(3)introducingnewresearchresultsand developmentsforapplicationsofmathematicsintherealworld.Thesepointsmayprovide the basis for opening a new mathematics-oriented technological world and even new research fields ofmathematics. Moreinformationabout thisseries athttp://www.springer.com/series/13254 Yasuhiro Suzuki Masami Hagiya • Editors Recent Advances in Natural Computing Selected Results from the IWNC 7 Symposium 123 Editors Yasuhiro Suzuki MasamiHagiya NagoyaUniversity The Universityof Tokyo Nagoya Tokyo Japan Japan ISSN 2198-350X ISSN 2198-3518 (electronic) ISBN 978-4-431-55104-1 ISBN 978-4-431-55105-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-4-431-55105-8 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014944537 SpringerTokyoHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon (cid:2)SpringerJapan2015 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation,broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionor informationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purposeofbeingenteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthe work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of theCopyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the CopyrightClearanceCenter.ViolationsareliabletoprosecutionundertherespectiveCopyrightLaw. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexempt fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication,neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthepublishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityfor anyerrorsoromissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,with respecttothematerialcontainedherein. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface We could say perhaps that natural computing is an already mature area: several journals and a large handbook on the subject have been published. We believe, however, that this area is not limited to ordinary research areas but has the potential to expand and create novel fields by including the humanities, arts, design,andsoon.Also,novelmathematicsisneededtocreate‘‘bridges’’between application and theory. This book focuses attention not only on recent, ordinary topics but also on future directions of natural computing. The aim of the book both for engineers to understand the basic background of natural computing and for those majoring in mathematics to see how such mathematical solutions are evaluated in actual applications. This volume is composed of three related topics: (1) Theoretical aspects of naturalcomputing,whereFumiya OkuboandTakashiYokomori giveasurveyof recent developments in reaction automata, Hidehiko Okada discusses comparison of two-interval models for fuzzy-valued genetic algorithms, and Biswanath Sethi and Sukanta Das investigate the convergence of asynchronous cellular automata (under null boundary conditions) and their application in pattern classification; (2) Basics of natural computing, where Marcin J. Schroeder considers the rela- tionship between natural computing and computational aesthetics in ‘‘Towards Cyber-Phenomenology: Aesthetics and Natural Computing in Multi-level Infor- mation Systems’’ and Takaaki Hashimoto and Kaori Karasawa explore other aspects of science including natural computing from the standpoint of social psychology in ‘‘Science, so Close and Yet so Far Away: How People View Science, Science Subjects, and Scientists’’; and (3) Computational aesthetics, where aestheticians, computer scientists, and artists argue various aspects of computational aesthetics: Fuminori Akiba and Yasuhiro Suzuki discuss scientific visualisation based on considerations of Klee in ‘‘Toward Another Possible Visualisation of Massaging: The First Short Step from Klee to Scientific Visual- isation’’, Miki Goan, Katsuyoshi Tsujita, Susumu Kihara, and Kenjiro Okazaki show the results of experiments in drawing pictures in ‘‘The Generation of Emotional Transmission via a Medium-Perceiving Drawing System and the v vi Preface Plasticity of Subjects’’, from artists on the ‘‘synthetic aesthetic’’ side, Juan M. Castro, Taro Toyota, and Hideo Iwasaki in ‘‘Fat as Soft Architecture: The Spon- taneous Transformation of Lipids into Organic Geometries with Predefined Bio- physical Properties’’ and Tomoya Ishibashi and Hideo Iwasaki introduce their project in ‘‘Breeding-Back of Goldfish as a Practice That Mediates Between Experimental Biology and Aesthetics’’. Nagoya, Japan Yasuhiro Suzuki Tokyo, Japan Masami Hagiya Contents Recent Developments on Reaction Automata Theory: A Survey . . . . . 1 Fumiya Okubo and Takashi Yokomori Comparison of Two Interval Models for Fuzzy-Valued Genetic Algorithm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Hidehiko Okada Convergence of Asynchronous Cellular Automata (Under Null Boundary Condition) and Their Application in Pattern Classification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Biswanath Sethi and Sukanta Das Science, so Close and yet so Far Away: How People View Science, Science Subjects, and Scientists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Takaaki Hashimoto and Kaori Karasawa Towards Cyber-Phenomenology: Aesthetics and Natural Computing in Multi-Level Information Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Marcin J. Schroeder Toward Another Possible Visualization of Massaging: The First Short Step from Klee to Scientific Visualization. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Fuminori Akiba and Yasuhiro Suzuki The Generation of Emotional Transmission via Medium-Perceiving Drawing System and the Plasticity of Subjects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Miki Goan, Katsuyoshi Tsujita, Susumu Kihara and Kenjiro Okazaki vii viii Contents Fat as Soft Architecture: The Spontaneous Transformation of Lipids into Organic Microstructures with Predefined Biophysical Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Juan M. Castro, Taro Toyota and Hideo Iwasaki Breeding-Back of Goldfish as a Practice that Mediates Between Experimental Biology and Aesthetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Tomoya Ishibashi and Hideo Iwasaki Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Recent Developments on Reaction Automata Theory: A Survey Fumiya Okubo and Takashi Yokomori Abstract This paper surveys recent developments on the theory of reaction automata, which has been lately initiated in [17] to model and analyze in the computational framework the behaviors of biochemical reactions in nature. Reaction automata (RAs) have been proposed as computing models for accepting string languages.RAsmay betakenasakindofanextension ofreactionsystems inthattheydealwithmultisetsratherthan(usual)setsbeingdealtwithinreaction systems. A computation process by an RA is performed in such a way that after taking in the system an input symbol from the environment, the RA changes its state (represented by a multiset) by applying reaction rules to the multiset in the manner designated,where the maximallyparallelmanneris consideredaswellas the(usual)sequentialmanner.AninputsequenceofsymbolsisacceptediftheRA stays in a final state (i.e., a designated multiset) at some moment after reading through theinput. Thus,RAs may alsoberegarded asavariantoffiniteautomata in which multisets are used to play a role of (unbounded number of) states. The presentedresultsareallfrom[16–18]andinclude:RAshavetheTuringuniversal computation power, the computation power of exponential-bounded RAs coin- cides with that of the linear-bounded Turing machines, the computation power of linear-bounded RAs is incomparable to that of pushdown automata. Further, the case for RAs with sequential mode of rule applications is also investigated. Keywords Models of biochemical reactions (cid:2) Reaction automata (cid:2) Multisets (cid:2) Chomsky hierarchy (cid:2) Turing computability F.Okubo FacultyofArtsandScience,KyushuUniversity,744Motooka,Nishi-ku, Fukuoka819-0395,Japan e-mail:[email protected] T.Yokomori(&) FacultyofEducationandIntegratedArtsandSciences,WasedaUniversity, 1-6-1Nishiwaseda,Shinjuku-Ku,Tokyo169-8050,Japan e-mail:[email protected] (cid:2)SpringerJapan2015 1 Y.SuzukiandM.Hagiya(eds.),RecentAdvancesinNaturalComputing, MathematicsforIndustry9,DOI:10.1007/978-4-431-55105-8_1