Recent advances in electrical engineering, electronics and energy : proceedings of the CIT 2020

315 Pages·2021·39.609 MB·English

by  Miguel Botto Tobar (editor), Henry Cruz (editor), Angela Diaz Cadena (editor)

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 762
Miguel Botto Tobar
Henry Cruz
Angela Díaz Cadena   Editors
Recent Advances
in Electrical
Engineering,
Electronics and
Energy
Proceedings of the CIT 2020 Volume 1
Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
Volume 762
SeriesEditors
LeopoldoAngrisani,DepartmentofElectricalandInformationTechnologiesEngineering,UniversityofNapoli
FedericoII,Naples,Italy
MarcoArteaga,DepartamentdeControlyRobótica,UniversidadNacionalAutónomadeMéxico,Coyoacán,
Mexico
BijayaKetanPanigrahi,ElectricalEngineering,IndianInstituteofTechnologyDelhi,NewDelhi,Delhi,India
SamarjitChakraborty,FakultätfürElektrotechnikundInformationstechnik,TUMünchen,Munich,Germany
JimingChen,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,China
ShanbenChen,MaterialsScienceandEngineering,ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity,Shanghai,China
TanKayChen,DepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineering,NationalUniversityofSingapore,
Singapore,Singapore
RüdigerDillmann,HumanoidsandIntelligentSystemsLaboratory,KarlsruheInstituteforTechnology,
Karlsruhe,Germany
HaibinDuan,BeijingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronautics,Beijing,China
GianluigiFerrari,UniversitàdiParma,Parma,Italy
ManuelFerre,CentreforAutomationandRoboticsCAR(UPM-CSIC),UniversidadPolitécnicadeMadrid,
Madrid,Spain
SandraHirche,DepartmentofElectricalEngineeringandInformationScience,TechnischeUniversität
München,Munich,Germany
FaryarJabbari,DepartmentofMechanicalandAerospaceEngineering,UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,CA,
USA
LiminJia,StateKeyLaboratoryofRailTrafficControlandSafety,BeijingJiaotongUniversity,Beijing,China
JanuszKacprzyk,SystemsResearchInstitute,PolishAcademyofSciences,Warsaw,Poland
AlaaKhamis,GermanUniversityinEgyptElTagamoaElKhames,NewCairoCity,Egypt
TorstenKroeger,StanfordUniversity,Stanford,CA,USA
YongLi,HunanUniversity,Changsha,Hunan,China
QilianLiang,DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,UniversityofTexasatArlington,Arlington,TX,USA
FerranMartín,Departamentd’EnginyeriaElectrònica,UniversitatAutònomadeBarcelona,Bellaterra,
Barcelona,Spain
TanCherMing,CollegeofEngineering,NanyangTechnologicalUniversity,Singapore,Singapore
WolfgangMinker,InstituteofInformationTechnology,UniversityofUlm,Ulm,Germany
PradeepMisra,DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,WrightStateUniversity,Dayton,OH,USA
SebastianMöller,QualityandUsabilityLaboratory,TUBerlin,Berlin,Germany
SubhasMukhopadhyay,SchoolofEngineering&AdvancedTechnology,MasseyUniversity,
PalmerstonNorth,Manawatu-Wanganui,NewZealand
Cun-ZhengNing,ElectricalEngineering,ArizonaStateUniversity,Tempe,AZ,USA
ToyoakiNishida,GraduateSchoolofInformatics,KyotoUniversity,Kyoto,Japan
FedericaPascucci,DipartimentodiIngegneria,UniversitàdegliStudi“RomaTre”,Rome,Italy
YongQin,StateKeyLaboratoryofRailTrafficControlandSafety,BeijingJiaotongUniversity,Beijing,China
GanWoonSeng,SchoolofElectrical&ElectronicEngineering,NanyangTechnologicalUniversity,
Singapore,Singapore
JoachimSpeidel,InstituteofTelecommunications,UniversitätStuttgart,Stuttgart,Germany
GermanoVeiga,CampusdaFEUP,INESCPorto,Porto,Portugal
HaitaoWu,AcademyofOpto-electronics,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing,China
JunjieJamesZhang,Charlotte,NC,USA
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Miguel Botto Tobar Henry Cruz
(cid:129) (cid:129)
í
Angela D az Cadena
Editors
Recent Advances
in Electrical Engineering,
Electronics and Energy
Proceedings of the CIT 2020 Volume 1
123
Editors
Miguel Botto Tobar Henry Cruz
Eindhoven University of Technology Universidad delasFuerzas Armadas ESPE
Eindhoven,The Netherlands Sangolquí, Ecuador
Angela DíazCadena
Universitat deValencia
Valencia, Spain
ISSN 1876-1100 ISSN 1876-1119 (electronic)
Lecture Notesin Electrical Engineering
ISBN978-3-030-72207-4 ISBN978-3-030-72208-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72208-1
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Contents
Probabilistic Analysis with DC-OPF for Distributed Generation
with the Insertion of Wind and Photovoltaic Farms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Darwin Cuasapaz, Adrián Carvajal, Livio Miniguano,
and Edwin Guanopatin
Evaluation of Various CODECS on the Quality of the Video
Considering Scalability Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Vera P. Jhoselin and Reino Ch. Mateo
Proposal for Architecture for Precision Agriculture Supported
in IoT for an Efficient Automatic Irrigation System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Edwar Velarde Allazo, Edgar Acuña Melo, and José Aranibar Pumacota
Myoelectric Control of an Upper Limb Prosthesis Applying Linear
Discriminant Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Etty Sierra Vanegas, Roberto Castro Beltran, and Andrés Escobar Olier
Classification and Prediction of Gender in Facial Images with CNN . . . 53
Witman Alvarado-Diaz, Brian Meneses-Claudio,
and Avid Roman-Gonzalez
A Multivariate Signal Analysis of a Sensing Platform Prototype
for Stress Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Andrés Arcentales V., Roberto Daniel Triviño, Celena Betancourt M.,
Iván Yépez, Darwin Alulema, and Ana V. Guamán
Fuzzy and PID Controllers Performance Analysis for a Combined-
Cycle Thermal Power Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Dennis Burgasi, Tania Orrala, Jacqueline Llanos, Diego Ortiz-Villalba,
Diego Arcos-Aviles, and Carolina Ponce
Energy Savings in Public Lighting, Reduction of Light
and Atmospheric Pollution in the City of Cuenca-Ecuador . . . . . . . . . . 94
Santiago Pulla Galindo, Daniel Icaza, and Carlos Flores-Vázquez
v
vi Contents
Study of Transient Angle Stability in Microgrids with Synchronous
Generation Through Comparative Analysis of Operating Scenarios . . . 106
Iván Pazmiño Ordóñez, Edwin Ponce Minaya, and Hugo Pico Mera
Design and Implementation of a LMS Adaptive Filter for Humidity
and Temperature Control in a Bioreactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Hugo Beatriz Cuellar, Jesús de la Cruz-Alejo, Ernesto Enciso Contreras,
and I. C. Alcocer Guillermo
M-NUQAM Modulations with Constant Symbol Mean Energy . . . . . . . 137
Fernando Lara, Miguel Castillo, and Gonzalo Olmedo
A Brief Approach of Microgrids Implementation in Ecuador:
A Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Mauricio Rodríguez, Antonio Salazar, Diego Arcos-Aviles,
Jacqueline Llanos, Wilmar Martínez, and Emilia Motoasca
Virtual Festo MPS® PA Workstation for Level and Temperature
Process Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Darío J. Chanchay, Juan Diego Feijoo, Jacqueline Llanos,
and Diego Ortiz-Villalba
Processes with Variable Parameters and Dominant Time Delay:
A Fuzzy Adaptive Control Approaches Comparison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Edwin Anchitipan and Oscar Camacho
In Silico Comparison for Smith Predictors Applied to Processes
with Elevated Delay and Noise Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Carlos Mejía and Oscar Camacho
Fractional PID Position Control Tuned by Bio-Heuristics
on an ARM Platform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
William Montalvo, Jose Iza, and Jonathan Vilema
Determination of Heat Transfer Coefficients in Natural
and Forced Convection for Different Geometric Configurations,
Using a Prototype Controlled by LabView Software
and Arduino Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Arly Dario Rincón-Quintero, Omar Lengerke-Pérez,
Jessica Gissella Maradey-Lazaro, Gianina Garrido-Silva,
Camilo Leonardo Sandoval-Rodriguez, and Jairo Andres Osorio-Lizarazo
Performance Evaluation and Effectiveness of a Solar-Biomass
Hybrid Dryer for Drying Homogeneous of Cocoa Beans Using
LabView Software and Arduino Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Arly Dario Rincón-Quintero, Luis Alfonso Del Portillo-Valdés,
Alexander Meneses-Jácome, Javier Gonzalo Ascanio-Villabona,
Brayan Eduardo Tarazona-Romero,and MiguelArlenzo Durán-Sarmiento
Contents vii
Experimental Analysis Using Action Units as Feature Descriptor
for Emotion in People with down Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Nancy Paredes, Eduardo Caicedo Bravo, and Bladimir Bacca Cortes
Transmission Expansion Planning Considering Grid Topology
Changes and N-1 Contingencies Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Diego Carrión, José Palacios, Manuel Espinel, and Jorge W. González
Body Temperature Control Using a Robotic Arm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
José Varela-Aldás, Andrés Moreira, Paul Criollo, and Belén Ruales
Extended Evaluation of Loss-Based TCP Variants Performance over
Optical Burst Switching (OBS) Networks Case of Wx < Wmax
and a Particular Case of Wx = Wmax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
Antonio Venegas, Paola Venegas, Juan Chafla, and José Freire
Author Index.. .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 307
Probabilistic Analysis with DC-OPF
for Distributed Generation with the Insertion
of Wind and Photovoltaic Farms
Darwin Cuasapaz(&) , Adrián Carvajal , Livio Miniguano ,
and Edwin Guanopatin
Instituto SuperiorTecnológico Sucre,
Av.10deAgosto N26-27y LuisMosquera Narváez,Quito170109, Ecuador
{dcuasapaz,dminiguano}@tecnologicosucre.edu.ec
Abstract. TheMatpowertoolboxforMatlabwasexecutedandtheresultsofan
opticalflowofprobabilisticpowerintheIEEE9-bartestsystemwereanalyzed,this
casecorrespondstotheGarvertestsystem,whichconsistsof9nodes,3 generators
and3 loadsforanalysispurposes,itisconsideredtheinstallationofawindfarmof
10generators in node 7 headers that are considered to be the wind behaves
accordingtoaWeibulldistribution,lateraphotovoltaicsolarplanthasanominal
power(atthepointofmaximumpower,atstandardSTCconditions)of200W(per
cells), system loads vary due to a normal distribution function with standard
deviation(s)of25%concerningitsexpectedvalue(meanµ).Itwasassumedthat
theexpectedvalueofeachloadcorrespondstothedataoftheblob:https://web.
whatsapp.com/4e78e595-d745-41e9-aeaa-880ed1cc889b base case 9 of Mat-
power.Bothcasesareprogrammedseparatelyandanalyzedattwodifferenthours
at09:00and14:00,obtainingdispatchcostsandpowerflows,throughthemodeling
ofstochasticinputvariablessimulatesaflowofthesameprobabilisticpowerthat
analyzestheinfluenceofpenetrationinbothcasesandthevariabilityofdemand.
Keywords: Optimal power flow(cid:1) Power distribution (cid:1) Photovoltaic
generators (cid:1)Probabilistic load flow analysis
1 Introduction
Theelectricpowersystemneedstohavestablestability,thegenerationmustsupplythe
demand[1],keepingthecontrolvariablesalwayswithinthepermissibleoperatinglimits;
theoperatortakescareofcoordinatingthegeneration,transportanddistribution[2].
Currently,thepenetrationofrenewableelectricchargesinthedifferentelectricpower
systems is increasing as they provide a series of economic, social and environmental
advantages, however, their integration into the electricity grid is limited due, funda-
mentally,toitsvariabilityanduncertaintyespeciallyinthecaseofwindgeneration[3].
Optimalprobabilisticpowerflow(POPF)isaneffectivetoolintheoperationofthe
energy system considering its stochastic variables, for example, wind energy, the
optimal probabilistic dispatch [4], can be obtained by minimizing the expected gen-
erationcost(EGC),however,inthisway,theeffectofrisk,generallymanifestedbythe
variance (standard deviation) of the cost of generation in an uncertain environment, is
not considered as for POPF [5].
©TheAuthor(s),underexclusivelicensetoSpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG2021
M.BottoTobaretal.(Eds.):CIT2020,LNEE762,pp.1–14,2021.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72208-1_1
2 D.Cuasapaz et al.
2 Probabilistic Stationary Analysis in Renewable Energy
Systems
The POPF was proposed to estimate at steady state, the characteristics of the energy
systems and solve the problem of optimal flow [6], considering the stochastic factor
caused by loads and renewable energies it is worth mentioning that the calculation of
the probabilistic optimal power flow (POPF) is one of the main requirements in the
planning and operation of the electrical system [7].
OPF's main intention is to minimize the operating cost of the energy system [8],
OPFmodelsareformulatedasproblemsofdeterministicoptimizationandthereforedo
notrepresentuncertainfactors,thePOPFincorporatesuncertaintiesintotheOPFmodel
these uncertainties are related to the variation in demand, the price behavior in the
electricity market, among others [9].
The completion of the POPF study provides a perspective on system planning,
planners have a better idea of the future conditions of the system and provide more
confidence to make investment judgments [9].
The POPF formulation can typically be expressed as:
X
MinTFC ¼ FCiðPGiÞ ð1Þ
i(cid:1)BG
Where:
TFC is the total operating cost of the system (unit of money/h).
FC(Pd)istheoperatingcostofthegeneratorconnectedtobusi(unitofmoney/h).
BG is a set of buses connected to generators.
PGi is the real power generation on bus i (MW or p.u.)
Most POPF methods consider demand with uncertainty and as a function of the
normalprobabilitydistribution(PDF)withtheconceptofusingthedailyhistoricalload
or annual general curves.
It is important to consider the following restrictions regarding the limits of:
The voltage on a PV or PQ node:
Vmin (cid:3)Vi(cid:3)Vmax ð2Þ
i i
Displacement angles of a transformer:
hmin (cid:3)hi(cid:3)hmax ð3Þ
i i
Derivative capacitances or reactances:
Smin (cid:3)Si(cid:3)Smax ð4Þ
i i
Maximum power flow limits on transmission lines or transformers: