Real-Time Database Systems - Architecture and Techniques (The Kluwer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science Volume 593) (The Springer ... Series in Engineering and Computer Science)

310 Pages·2000·1.47 MB·English

by  Kam-Yiu Lam

REAL-TIME
DATABASE SYSTEMS
Architecture and Techniques
The Kluwer International Series in
Engineering and Computer Science
REAL-TIME SYSTEMS
ConsultingEditor:JohnA.Stankovic, University of Virginia
Other books in this series:
DEADLINE SCHEDULING FOR REAL-TIME SYSTEMS: EDF and Related
Algorithms, John A. Stankovic, Marco Spuri, Krithi Ramamritham, Giorgio C.
Buttazzo, ISBN: 0-7923-8269-2
HARD REAL-TIME COMPUTING SYSTEMS: Predictable Scheduling Algorithms and
Applications,byGiorgioC. Buttazzo,ISBN:0-7923-9994-3
REAL-TIME DATABASE AND INFORMATION RESEARCH ADVANCES, by Azer
Bestavros, Victor Wolfe, ISBN: 0-7923-8011-8
REAL-TIME SYSTEMS: Design Principlesfor Distributed Embedded Applications, by
Hermann Kopetz, ISBN: 0-7923-9894-7
REAL-TIME DATABASE SYSTEMS: Issues and Applications, edited by Azer Bestavros,
Kwei-Jay Lin and Sang Hyuk Son, ISBN: 0-7923-9897-1
FAULT-TOLERANT REAL-TIME SYSTEMS: The Problem of Replica Determinism,
by Stefan Poledna, ISBN: 0-7923-9657-X
RESPONSIVE COMPUTER SYSTEMS: Steps Toward Fault-Tolerant Real-Time
Systems,by Donald Fussell and Miroslaw Malek, ISBN: 0-7923-9563-8
IMPRECISE AND APPROXIMATE COMPUTATION, by Swaminathan Natarajan,
ISBN: 0-7923-9579-4
FOUNDATIONS OF DEPENDABLE COMPUTING: System Implementation, edited by
Gary M. Koob and Clifford G. Lau, ISBN: 0-7923-9486-0
FOUNDATIONS OF DEPENDABLE COMPUTING: Paradigms for Dependable
Applications, edited by Gary M. Koob and Clifford G. Lau, ISBN: 0-7923-9485-2
FOUNDATIONS OF DEPENDABLE COMPUTING: Models and Frameworks for
Dependable Systems, edited by G. M. Koob and C. G. Lau, ISBN: 0-7923-9484-4
THE TESTABILITY OF DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME SYSTEMS, Werner Schütz;
ISBN: 0-7923-9386-4
A PRACTITIONER'S HANDBOOK FOR REAL-TIME ANALYSIS: Guide to Rate
MonotonicAnalysisforReal-TimeSystems, CamegieMellonUniversity(M. Klein,
T. Ralya, B. Pollak, R. Obenza, M. G. Harbour); ISBN: 0-7923-9361-9
FORMAL TECHNIQUES IN REAL-TIME FAULT-TOLERANT SYSTEMS, J.
Vytopil; ISBN: 0-7923-9332-5
SYNCHRONOUS PROGRAMMING OF REACTIVE SYSTEMS, N. Halbwachs; ISBN:
0-7923-9311-2
REAL-TIME SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND APPLICATIONS, M. Schiebe, S.
Pferrer; ISBN: 0-7923-9196-9
SYNCHRONIZATION IN REAL-TIME SYSTEMS: A Priority Inheritance Approach,
R. Rajkumar; ISBN: 0-7923-9211-6
CONSTRUCTING PREDICTABLE REAL TIME SYSTEMS, W. A. Halang, A. D.
Stoyenko; ISBN: 0-7923-9202-7
FOUNDATIONS OF REAL-TIME COMPUTING: Formal Specifications and Methods,
A. M. van Tilborg, G. M. Koob; ISBN: 0-7923-9167-5
FOUNDATIONS OF REAL-TIME COMPUTING: Scheduling and Resource
Management,A. M. van Tilborg, G. M. Koob; ISBN: 0-7923-9166-7
REAL-TIME UNIX SYSTEMS: Design and Application Guide, B. Furht D. Grostick, D.
Gluch, G. Rabbat, J. Parker, M. McRoberts, ISBN: 0-7923-9099-7
REAL-TIME
DATABASE SYSTEMS
Architecture and Techniques
Edited by
Kam-Yiu Lam
City University of Hong Kong
Tei-Wei Kuo
National Taiwan University
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
New York / Boston / Dordrecht / London / Moscow
eBookISBN: 0-306-46988-X
Print ISBN: 0-792-37218-2
©2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers
New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow
All rights reserved
No part of this eBook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
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Created in the United States of America
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Contents
List of Figures ix
List of Tables xi
...
Acknowledgments xiii
Preface xv
Contributing Authors xix
I OVERVIEW, MISCONCEPTIONS AND ISSUES
1. Real-Time Database Systems: 3
An Overview of System Characteristics and Issues
Tei-Wei Kuo and Kam-Yiu Lam
2. Misconceptions About Real-Time Databases 9
John A. Stankovic, Sang H. Son and Jörgen Hansson
3. Applications and System Characteristics 17
Doug Locke
II REAL-TIME CONCURRENCY CONTROL
4. Conservative and Optimistic Protocols 29
Tei-Wei Kuo and Kam-Yiu Lam
5. Semantics-Based Concurrency Control 45
Tei-Wei Kuo
6. Real-Time Index Concurrency Control 59
Jayant R. Haritsa and S. Seshadri
III RUN-TIME SYSTEM MANAGEMENT
7. Buffer Management in Real-Time Active Database Systems 77
Anindya Datta and Sarit Mukherjee
vi REAL-TIME DATABASE SYSTEMS: ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNIQUES
8. Disk Scheduling 97
Ben Kao and Reynold Cheng
9. System Failure and Recovery 109
Rajendran M. Sivasankaran, Krithi Ramamritham and John A. Stankovic
10. Overload Management in RTDBs 125
Jörgen Hansson and Sang H. Son
11. Secure Real-Time Transaction Processing 141
Jayant R. Haritsa and Binto George
IV ACTIVE ISSUES AND TRIGGERING
12. System Framework of ARTDBs 161
Jörgen Hansson and Sten F. Andler
13. Reactive Mechanisms 171
Jonas Mellin, Joakim Eriksson and Sten F. Andler
14. Updates and View Maintenance 185
Ben Kao, K.Y. Lamand Brad Adelberg
V DISTRIBUTED REAL-TIME DATABASE SYSTEMS
15. Distributed Concurrency Control 205
Özgür Ulusoy
16. Data Replication and Availability 217
Özgür Ulusoy
17. Real-Time Commit Processing 227
Jayant R. Haritsa, Krithi Ramamritham and Ramesh Gupta
18. Mobile Distributed Real-Time Database Systems 245
Kam-Yiu Lam and Tei-Wei Kuo
Contents vii
VI PROTOTYPES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
19. Prototypes: Programmed Stock Trading 261
Brad Adelberg and Ben Kao
20. Future Directions 279
Tei-Wei Kuo and Kam-Yiu Lam
Index 287
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List of Figures
1.1 Value functions of different types of real-time transac-
tions 4
4.1 A RWPCP Schedule 32
4.2 A 2VPCP Schedule 35
5.1 Similarity of database states 48
5.2 The temporal depth of the preemption stack 50
5.3 R-recency and W-recency: time span of similar reads and writes 51
5.4 A SSP schedule 52
7.1 A triggering graph 80
7.2 Buffer Model 82
8.1 I/O Request Model 99
8.2 Disk Head Scheduling Example 101
9.1 Taxonomy 115
10.1 Scheduling architecture showing the information flow
and component interactions 129
10.2 EDF schedule after overload resolution 136
11.1 Bell-LaPadula access restrictions 143
11.2 Dual approach 149
11.3 MCC architecture 150
13.1 Event monitoring process 171
13.2 Directed acyclic graphs of E; E in event monitoring 172
1 2
13.3 ECA rule extended with temporal attributes 176
13.4 Response time in a real-time system using ECA paradigm 180
14.1 A Real Time Database System 186
14.2 Maximum Age (MA) and Unapplied Update (UU) 189
14.3 Inter-arrival distribution of the stock price updates of
G.E. on 94/1/3 191
14.4 An Example for ACS and RCS 194
18.1 System Architecture of a MDRTDBS 246
18.2 Transaction Architecture under the Transaction Shipping
Approach 25 3
18.3 Data Pre-fetching Mechanism 256
19.1 Standard rule to maintain comp_prices for stock price
changes 267
19.2 Stock composite indices example 268
19.3 Triggered transactions for composite example 269