Race and Gender Discrimination Across Urban Labor Markets

199 Pages·1996·22.44 MB·English

by  Susanne Schmitz

ROUTLEDGE LIBRARY EDITIONS:
URBAN STUDIES
Volume 21
RACE AND GENDER
DISCRIMINATION ACROSS URBAN
LABOR MARKETS

RACE AND GENDER
DISCRIMINATION ACROSS URBAN
LABOR MARKETS
SUSANNE SCHMITZ
Firstpublishedin1996byGarlandPublishing,Inc.
Thiseditionfirstpublishedin2018
byRoutledge
2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN
andbyRoutledge
711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY10017
RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness
©1996SusanneSchmitz
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedorutilised
inanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,nowknownor
hereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinanyinformation
storageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers.
Trademarknotice:Productorcorporatenamesmaybetrademarksorregistered
trademarks,andareusedonlyforidentificationandexplanationwithoutintentto
infringe.
BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
ISBN:978-1-138-89482-2(Set)
ISBN:978-1-315-09987-3(Set)(ebk)
ISBN:978-1-138-03695-6(Volume21)(hbk)
ISBN:978-1-315-17816-5(Volume21)(ebk)
Publisher’sNote
Thepublisherhasgonetogreatlengthstoensurethequalityofthisreprintbut
pointsoutthatsomeimperfectionsintheoriginalcopiesmaybeapparent.
Disclaimer
Thepublisherhasmadeeveryefforttotracecopyrightholdersandwouldwelcome
correspondencefromthosetheyhavebeenunabletotrace.
RACE AND GENDER
DISCRIMINATION
ACROSS URBAN
LABOR MARKETS
S U S A N NE S C H M I TZ
G A R L A ND P U B L I S H I N G, INC.
NEW YORK & LONDON /1996
Copyright © 1996 Susanne Schmitz
All rights reserved
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Schmitz, Susanne.
Race and gender discrimination across urban labor markets /
Susanne Schmitz.
p. cm. — (Garland studies in the history of American
labor)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8153-2392-1 (alk. paper)
1. Discrimination in employment—United States. 2. Sex
discrimination in employment—United States. I. Title. II. Series.
HD4903.5.U58S32 1996
331.13'3'0973—dc20
96-17462
Printed on acid-free, 250-year-life paper
Manufactured in the United States of America
For Hannah and Adam

Contents
List of Tables ix
Acknowledgments xi
Chapter
I. Introduction 3
II. Review of the Literature 5
Introduction 5
Wage Discrimination 7
Human Capital 12
Empirical Findings 14
Occupational Segregation 21
Summary 24
III. Local Labor Markets and Discrimination 25
Introduction 25
Appropriate Definition of a Labor Market 25
Labor Market Conditions and Discrimination .... 29
Model Formulation 34
Summary 42
IV. The Wage Model: Empirical Specification and Results ... 43
Introduction 43
Data 43
Wage Models 47
Wage Decomposition Model 56
Aggregate Wage Model 92
Summary 108
V. The Occupational Distributions of Women and Blacks
Relative to White Men 109
Introduction 109
Occupational Distributions 109
Index of Dissimilarity 114
Aggregate Model 146
Empirical Results 150
Summary 156
vii