Table Of Content1 Thinking Like a Writer 1 27 Starting a Research Project 159
2 Reading Critically 5 a 28 Developing a Search
3 Viewing Images Critically 12 ndT Strategy 164
4 Sources for College Writing 15 Whin 29 Finding and Evaluating
567 WWWrrriiitttiiinnnggg AAAbbbooouuuttt OREexbpasdeerirniveganstcioe2ns5s1260 riting Stking, Re 3301 LRWUiesbiissrneeagalry yrSc-Bo1hu8ainsr7gcee dtsh Saeon Wudr ecAebvs oi1d7in2g Researc
ra h
ad Plagiarism 192
tein 32 Drafting and Revising
gg
ie, a Research Paper 206
s
8 Planning and Shaping 33 MLA In-Text Citations 212
Writing 35 34 MLA Works Cited List 218 M
9 Drafting 51 W 35 A Student’s MLA-Style Research LA
10 Revising, Editing, rit Paper 246 D
and Proofreading 52 in o
11 Composing Paragraphs 59 g P cum
1123 WWrriittiinngg ttoo IAnrfgourme 7761 roce enta
ss tio
n
14 An Overview of Writing Across 36 APA In-Text Citations 270
the Curriculum 93 37 APA References List 276
15 Wtheri tHinugm Aabnoituiet s 94 theWr 38 APa Spteurde2n9t5’s APA-Style Research DoAPA
1167 WWScrriiiettiinnncgge sAinb 1to0hu7et SLoitceiaral ture 97 Curriciting A 3490 CCMSE--SSttyylele DDooccuummeennttaattioionn330271 cumen, CM, a
1189 WSWcrriiiettiinnncgge siUnn 1td1he0er NParetussraulr e 112 ulumcross tationnd CS
E
20 Making Oral Presentations
and Using Multimedia 114
21 Creating a Writing Portfolio 120
22 Writing for Work 125 W 41 Parts of Speech and Parts
2234 PDuebsilgicn Winrgit iDnogcu1m36ents 140 withritin 42 oVef rSbesnt3e4n6ces 331 Gram
25 Writing for the Web 149 thg t 43 Subject-Verb Agreement 356 m
26 Canodn tWribikuistin1g5 4to Blogs e Worldo Connec 4445 PRAredofjenerocetunivncese:s , A aangndrde AeCmdavseeenrtb3,s62373 ar Basics
t
A01_Troy4818_06_SE_FM.qxp 12/29/08 11:22 AM Page i
DIVIDER DIRECTORY
46 Sentence Fragments 377 The sixth edition of Quick Access
47 Comma Splices and Run-On Reference for Writersis designed to
S
Sentences 380 e help you become a better writer by
48 Problems with Sentence nte answering the questions that come
4590 SMChoiisnfptcsliasc3ee8nd4e sMso3d9if1iers 388 nces a Qfuinpud iac stkh yAeo ciunc efwosrrsimtetoa. toUiolssn et oytoh heue flnpoe llyeoodwu:i nqgu ickly
51 Coordination and n
d
Subordination 395 W The Divider Directoryto the left
52 Sentence Style 399 lists all of the tabbed parts and
o
53 Usage Glossary 403 rd chapters in Quick Access.
54 Word Meanings and Word s
Quick Referenceboxes throughout
Impact 415
55 Using Inclusive Language 421 the book give you easy access to
56 Spelling 423 the most common and important
issues that will come up as you
write.
57 Commas 429
58 Semicolons 441 anP A detailed table of contentsfor
59 Colons 442 d Mun a tabbed section can be found on
60 Apostrophes 444 ect the back of each tabbed page.
61 Quotation Marks 447 chua The Indexlists all the topics covered
62 Periods, Question Marks, antio in the handbook. Find a topic, note
and Exclamation Points 452 icn the page number, and then use the
s
63 Other Punctuation Marks 454
page range given on the back of the
64 Hyphens 460
extended tab to find your topic
65 Capitals 463
quickly.
66 Italics (Underlining) 468
67 Abbreviations 470 The Terms Glossarydefines
68 Numbers 473 important terms related to writing
T and grammar. Every word printed in
ip
s small capital letters in Quick Access
Aan Md eDsosaugge H ferosmse Ltyon Mn uTlrtoilyinkga ual fo is defined in the glossary.
Wr
Writers 477 r M The one-of-a-kind Quick Reference
677901 SAWirnotigrcdule lOasrrs4d a8en1rd4 P8l5urals 478 itersultiling Ctbaoatoriodkn fpoiunrts sRe uertsseeedfau arlc ti hnt hfaoenr mdba aDctkioo conuf fmtrhoeemn-
72 Prepositions 488 u the book into a more portable
a
73 Gerunds and Infinitives 490 l format. Take the card with you to
74 Modal Auxiliary Verbs 494 class, to the writing lab, or to the
library as you do research.
Fold out the back cover of the book
and on the inside you will have
Terms Glossary 499 G
Index 514 lo a Quick View of every tabbed part,
s chapter, and section of Quick Access.
s
a
r On the other side of the back cover,
y
a you will find a list of Response
n
d Symbolsand Proofreading Marks
In that your instructor may use on your
d
e paper. Refer to these lists to find
x out what section of the handbook
will help you edit and proofread
your work.
A01_Troy4818_06_SE_FM.qxp 12/29/08 11:22 AM Page ii
Three books
Two authors
One vision for handbooks
Lynn Troyka andDoug Hesse offer three books to suit your course
and your students’ needs:
The Simon & Schuster Quick Access QA Compact
Handbook for Writers Sixth Edition Second Edition
Ninth Edition
960 pages 552 pages 552 pages
Hardcover Spiral-bound, Spiral-bound
tabbed
Full color Two-color
Full color
A01_Troy4818_06_SE_FM.qxp 12/29/08 11:22 AM Page iii
Quick Access
Reference for Writers
SIXTH EDITION
LYNN QUITMAN TROYKA
DOUGLAS HESSE
Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River London Singapore
Toronto Tokyo Sydney Hong Kong Mexico City
A01_Troy4818_06_SE_FM.qxp 12/29/08 11:22 AM Page iv
VP/Editorial Director: Leah Jewell Manager, Visual Research: Beth Brenzel
Editor in Chief: Craig Campanella Manager, Cover Visual Research and
Executive Editor: Kevin Molloy Permissions: Karen Sanatar
Project Manager, Editorial: Jessica A. Kupetz Image Permissions Coordinator:
Editorial Assistant: David Nitti Ang’John Ferreri
VP/Director of Marketing: Tim Stookesbury Image Researcher: Beth Brenzel
Executive Marketing Manager: Senior Art Director: Nancy Wells
Megan Galvin-Fak Art Director: Anne Nieglos
Senior Marketing Manager: Susan E. Stoudt AV Project Manager: Maria Piper
Marketing Assistant: Sara Fry Interior and Cover Designer: Anne DeMarinis
Assistant Managing Editor: Melissa Feimer Cover Art:”Mulberry Tree” 1889 by Vincent Van
Text Permissions Specialist: Jane Scelta Gogh © The Gallery Collection/Corbis
Development Editor in Chief: Rochelle Diogenes Full-Service Project Management: Karen Berry,
Development Editor: Leslie Taggart Pine Tree Composition, Inc.
Permissions Assistant: Peggy Davis Copyeditor: Tally Morgan
Senior Operations Specialist: Sherry Lewis Composition: Pine Tree Composition, Inc.
Manager, Image Rights and Permissions: Printer/Binder: Courier Companies
Zina Arabia Cover Printer: Lehigh Phoenix
This book was set in 10/12 Adobe Garamond.
Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this
textbook appear on the corresponding page within text or on page 513.
Copyright © 2010 by Lynn Quitman Troyka. Published by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pren-
tice Hall, 1 Lake St., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United
States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained
from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain
permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education,
Inc., Permissions Department, 1 Lake St., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Troyka, Lynn Quitman
Quick access reference for writers / Lynn Quitman Troyka ; Douglas Hesse. -- 6th ed.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-205-66481-4
1. English language—Rhetoric—Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. English language—Grammar—
Handbooks, manuals, etc. 3. Report writing—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Hesse, Douglas
Dean. II. Title.
PE1408.T69565 2009
808'.042—dc22
2008053006
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Student ISBN-13:
978-0-205-66481-8
Student ISBN-10:
0-205-66481-4
Exam ISBN-13:
978-0-205-66501-3
Exam ISBN-10:
0-205-66501-2
A01_Troy4818_06_SE_FM.qxp 12/29/08 11:23 AM Page v
Why Do You Need
This New Edition?
The sixth edition of Quick Access Ref- types of academic writing in first-year
composition and other courses. This
erence for Writershas been revised to
makes the sixth edition a great resource for
provide more useful instruction and
any class, not just first-year composition.
examples for writing students and in-
4 A new Chapter 21, “Creating a Writ-
structors. Some of the useful features
ing Portfolio,”offers direction on cre-
that you’ll find only in the new edi- ating print and electronic portfolios, a
tion are: popular assignment for many instruc-
tors and a helpful tool when applying
1 The most up-to-date coverage of docu-
for scholarships and jobs.
mentation styles: the sixth edition fea-
tures the most current standards for MLA 5 Coverage and support for writing
and APA documentation, which you’ll with new media,including making oral
need in first-year composition as well as presentations and using multimedia,
in many courses in your field of study. writing blogs and wikis, and document
and visual design.
2 New and revised Quick Reference
boxeshighlight the most important 6 A new Quick Reference Card for Re-
must-have concepts for easy use. These search and Documentationputs all of
are key to finding the information you the most important concepts for re-
need in the handbook. search in your pocket, so you’ll have it
when and where you need it.
3 New Chapters 4, 5, 6, and 7are focused
on writing in college and on the specific 7 New and revised sample papers and ex-
types of writing assignments you are likely amplesfollow the most current standards
to encounter. These chapters give not only for documentation and document design.
general writing advice but also specific These examples are handy when format-
strategies for producing the most common ting your own papers for any discipline.
A01_Troy4818_06_SE_FM.qxp 12/29/08 11:23 AM Page vi
HOW TO USE QUICK ACCESS
We are confident you will find Quick Accessan invaluable guide in your jour-
ney through college and beyond. The following list of Quick Accesstools will
help you find the information you need quickly and easily.
• The QA Divider Directoryon the inside front cover lists all of the tabbed
parts and chapters in Quick Access. Locate the general topic you need to ref-
erence and then turn to the tab and page indicated on the Divider Directory.
• MyCompLab®offers essential help with writing, grammar, and research
and features a complete electronic version of Quick Access. You can regis-
ter for access at www.mycomplab.com.
• A list of supplementary material available with this book,including in-
formation about the book’s Web site, can be found in the Preface.
• Quick Referenceboxes throughout the book offer easy access to some of
the most common and important issues that will come up as you write.
You will also find Quick Reference boxes highlighted in the book’s Index.
• Documentation source mapsare designed to clearly illustrate the process for
citing different types of sources. Annotated replications of original sources,
step-by-step guidelines, and use of color help students see where to pull in-
formation from a source and where to place it in a citation. Visual tools
throughout the research and documentation sections simplify the research
writing process.
• The Terms Glossary located in the final tabbed part is an easy way to
find the definitions for common writing-related terms. Words and phrases
called out in SMALLCAPITALLETTERSthroughout the book are defined in
the Terms Glossary.
• The one-of-a-kind Quick Reference Card for Research and Documen-
tation,at the end of the book, offers some of the most useful information
from the book in a more portable format.
• A list of Response Symbols and Proofreading Marks is on the back
cover foldout. Consult this list if your instructor uses revision and proof-
reading symbols when commenting on your writing.
The sample composite page to the right illustrates how to navigate the content
of the book from page to page.
vi
A01_Troy4818_06_SE_FM.qxp 12/29/08 11:23 AM Page vii
Indicates the last
section on the Chapter and Page
current page. section number
44j
What is pronoun case? 367
44j Indicates new
What is pronoun case? section of a
chapter.
Caseapplies in different ways to pronouns and to nouns. For pronouns, case
refers to three pronoun forms: subjective(pronoun SUBJECTS), objective(pro-
Words printed
noun OBJECTS), and possessive(pronouns that are possessive). For nouns, in bold or in
case refers to only one noun form: possessive. (For using apostrophes in the pos- small capital
sessive case, see Chapter 60.) letters are
dicussed
elsewhere in
the book and
Quick Reference 44.2 are defined
in the Terms
Choosing between thatand which Glossary.
In informal writing, you can use either thator whichin a restrictive clause
(a clause that is essential to the sentence’s meaning), as long as you do so con-
sistently in each piece of writing. However, in academic writing, your instruc-
tor and peers usually expect you to use that.
Quick
The zoos that most children likedisplay newborn and baby animals.
Reference
[The point of this sentence is to identify the kind of zoos that chil- boxes
dren like. Therefore, the clause that most children like is essential highlight
to the meaning of the sentence; if you remove it, the meaning key
changes substantially.] information.
Use whichin a nonrestrictive clause(a clause that isn’t essential to the
sentence’s meaning).
Zoos, which most children like, attract more visitors if they display
newborn and baby animals. [This sentence concerns what attracts
more visitors to zoos. The clause which most children likeis not es-
sential to the meaning of the sentence; if you remove it, the mean- Alerts call
ing of the sentence doesn’t change substantially.] attention to
important
rules and
best practices.
Alert:The expression he or sheoperates as a single unit and therefore calls
for a singular antecedent. Generally, however, try to avoid this awkward ex-
pression by switching to plural forms. ESOL icons
call out
information
of particular
ESOL Tip:The word tohas several functions, each of which is discussed
use for
in Chapter 46. As part of the INFINITIVE to eat, the word to modifies (limits) multilingual
the PRONOUN nothing. students.
A wealth
of writing
For more help with your writing, grammar, and research, resources
go to www.mycomplab.com is available
through
MyCompLab.
vii
A01_Troy4818_06_SE_FM.qxp 12/29/08 11:23 AM Page viii
To David, the love of my life
LYNN QUITMAN TROYKA
To Don and Coral Hesse
DOUG HESSE
