Putting Responsible Research and Innovation into Practice: A Multi-Stakeholder Approach PDF
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Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 40 Vincent Blok Editor Putting Responsible Research and Innovation into Practice A Multi-Stakeholder Approach Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy Volume 40 Editor-in-Chief Hub Zwart, Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen Faculty of Science, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Editorial Board Members David Copp, Social Sci & Humanities Bldg, 2281, University of California, Davis, CA, USA Nancy Fraser, Politics, 7th Fl, New School for Social Research, New York, NY, USA Martin V. B. P. M. van Hees, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Will Kymlicka, Dept of Philosophy, Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada Philippe Van Parijs, Chaire Hoover d’Ethique Economique, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium Samuel Kerstein, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA Thomas Hill, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA Renzong Qiu, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China Peter Schaber, Philosophisches Seminar, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland Thomas Schmidt, Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany The Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy addresses a broad range of topical issues emerging in practical philosophy, such as ethics, social philosophy, political philosophy, philosophy of action, It focuses on the role of scientific research and emerging technologies, and combines case studies with conceptual and methodological debates. We are facing a global crisis, which raises a plethora of normative issues, but also poses a challenge to existing conceptual and methodological resources of academic philosophy. The series aims to contribute to a philosophical diagnostic of the present by exploring the impact of emerging techno-scientific developments on zeitgeist, collective self-image, and worldview. Concrete and urgent emerging issues will be addressed in depth and from a continental philosophical perspective, which may include dialectics, hermeneutics, phenomenology, post-phenomenology, psychoanalysis, critical theory and similar approaches. Vincent Blok Editor Putting Responsible Research and Innovation into Practice A Multi-Stakeholder Approach Editor Vincent Blok Philosophy Group (PHI) Wageningen University Wageningen, The Netherlands This work was supported by Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (741402). ISSN 1387-6678 ISSN 2215-0323 (electronic) Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy ISBN 978-3-031-14709-8 ISBN 978-3-031-14710-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14710-4 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2023. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Acknowledgments I would like to thank all individuals and organizations that contributed to this vol- ume. As this volume can be seen as the scientific fruit of several years of intense collaboration in the NewHoRRIzon project from 2017 to 2021 under the inspiring leadership by Erich Griessler from the Institut für Höhere Studien in Vienna, I would like to thank all partners involved in the project in particular. I also greatly appreciate the financial support provided by the NewHoRRIzon project, funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 741402. The views expressed in this volume reflect only those of the authors and in no way reflect the European Commission’s opinions. I would like to thank my former colleague Peter Novitzky with whom I originally started this jour- ney but had to leave the project at an early stage. I would like to thank Robert Braun for his role as editor for the chapter in which I was involved as author. v Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Vincent Blok and Lucien von Schomberg Part I Responsible Research & Innovation as EU Policy 2 The Drama of Responsible Research and Innovation: The Ups and Downs of a Policy Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Erich Griessler, Robert Braun, Magdalena Wicher, and Merve Yorulmaz 3 The Institutionalisation of a New Paradigm at Policy Level . . . . . . . . 35 Stephanie Daimer, Hendrik Berghäuser, and Ralf Lindner 4 Democratic Experimentation with Responsibility: A Pragmatist Approach to Responsible Research and Innovation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Joshua B. Cohen and Robert Gianni 5 Cultural Particularities and Its Role in the “Innovation Divide”: A Closer Look at the Origins of “Spreading Excellence and Widening Participation” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Raúl Tabarés and Antonia Bierwirth 6 Joining Forces – Staying Unique: Adapting RRI to Different Research and Innovation Funding Agency Contexts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Ulrich Schoisswohl, Ulrike Wunderle, Luboš Studený, Lieke Michiels van Kessenich, and Pia Weinlinger vii viii Contents Part II P ublic Engagement for Responsible Research & Innovation 7 Public Engagement in the Tradition of Participatory Approaches – An Approximation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Philine Warnke, Tanja Bratan, and Ulrike Wunderle 8 Social Labs in Public Engagement Processes for RRI . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Ilse Marschalek, Lisa M. Seebacher, Elisabeth Unterfrauner, Katharina Handler, and Margit Hofer 9 Exploring the Ambivalent Nature of Diversity in Social Experimental Settings: First Insights from Social Labs Established to Promote Responsible Research and Innovation . . . . . 171 Merve Yorulmaz and Susanne Bührer 10 Engaging Stakeholders by Implementing RRI in the Social Lab Process – A Single Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Elisabeth Frankus and Helmut Hönigmayer Part III Governance of Responsible Research & Innovation 11 Implementing Responsible Research and Innovation: From New Public Management to New Public Governance . . . . . . . . 211 Anne Loeber, Michael J. Bernstein, and Mika Nieminen 12 Stakeholders in Research and Innovation: Towards Responsible Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 Robert Braun and Johannes Starkbaum 13 Managing the Responsibilities of Doing Good and Avoiding Harm in Sustainability-Orientated Innovations: Example from Agri-Tech Start-Ups in the Netherlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 Thomas B. Long and Vincent Blok 14 Conclusion: Implementation of Responsible Research and Innovation by Social Labs. Lessons from the Micro-, Meso- and Macro Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273 Erich Griessler and Vincent Blok About the Editor Vincent Blokis associate professor in Philosophy of Technology and Responsible Innovation at the Philosophy Group, Wageningen University (The Netherlands). He is also director of the 4TU. Ethics Graduate School in The Netherlands. In 2005, he received his PhD degree in philosophy at Leiden University with a specialization in philosophy of technology. Together with seven PhD candidates and four Post-docs, he reflects on the meaning of disruptive technologies for the human condition and its environment from a continental philosophical perspective. His books include Ernst Jünger’s Philosophy of Technology: Heidegger and the Poetics of the Anthropocene (Routledge, 2017), Heidegger’s Concept of Philosophical Method (Routledge, 2020), and The Critique of Management (Routledge, 2022). Blok pub- lished over hundred articles in high ranked philosophy journals like Environmental Values, Business Ethics Quarterly, Synthese, and Philosophy & Technology, and in multi-disciplinary journals like Science, Journal of Cleaner Production, Public understanding of Science, and Journal of Responsible Innovation. See www.vincentblok.nl for more information about his current research. ix Chapter 1 Introduction Vincent Blok and Lucien von Schomberg After a period in which Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) stood as a cross-cutting issue under the Eigth European Union Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (R & I), Horizon 2020, its further development and imple- mentation has reached a crossroad. It turned out that there is a lack of consistent integration of RRI in Europe’s R & I practices (Novitzky et al. 2020), and dedicated funding for RRI is almost entirely absent in the Ninth European Union Framework Programme for R & I, Horizon Europe. At the same time, global challenges like climate change become increasingly more urgent and thus continue to call for col- lective efforts of scientific research and industry, policy makers and civil society. Further, the emergence of disruptive technologies like synthetic biology, artificial intelligence and robotics raises several new societal concerns. Finally, the growing disbelief in science, as shown during the Corona pandemic, demonstrates the impor- tance of aligning R & I policy and societal values all the more. For reasons as these, the disinvestment in a dedicated Science With and For Society programme line for RRI in Horizon Europe did not result in decreased academic attention for embed- ding science in society. On the contrary, a dedicated research community emerged that engages in the academic discourse of RRI and tries to contribute to projects on topics such as responsible data governance, responsible AI, and responsible agro- ecology within the Horizon Europe framework programme, sometimes even with- out the use of the frame RRI. If RRI is to have a future in the European Commission’s Open Science Agenda and Horizon Europe Programme, it is important to focus on the implementation, institutionalization and management of responsibility in R & I practices. One of the V. Blok (*) Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] L. von Schomberg Old Royal Naval College, London, UK © The Author(s) 2023 1 V. Blok (ed.), Putting Responsible Research and Innovation into Practice, Library of Ethics and Applied Philosophy 40, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14710-4_1
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