Psychopathology: A Competency-Based Assessment Model for Social Workers PDF
Preview Psychopathology: A Competency-Based Assessment Model for Social Workers
This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keyword for materials in your areas of interest. P SYCHOPATHOLOGY A Competency-Based Assessment Model for Social Workers Brooks/Cole Empowerment Series THIRD EDITION ±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±±± SBESMBESooalalullccrreeiirrasnnaayyallrWWUUWWinlhhnnyooiiiittvvWrrneekkeessrriissddR.iieettyyG.MMZccrDDaiooydnnnneeellll SScchhooooll ooff Australia(cid:129)Brazil(cid:129)Japan(cid:129)Korea(cid:129)Mexico(cid:129)Singapore(cid:129)Spain(cid:129)UnitedKingdom(cid:129)UnitedStates Psychopathology:ACompetency-Based ©2013,2011Brooks/Cole,CengageLearning AssessmentModelforSocialWorkers, ALLRIGHTSRESERVED.Nopartofthisworkcoveredbythecopyright ThirdEdition hereinmaybereproduced,transmitted,stored,orusedinanyformor SusanW.GraywithMarilynR.Zide byanymeansgraphic,electronic,ormechanical,includingbutnot limitedtophotocopying,recording,scanning,digitizing,taping,Web Publisher:Jon-DavidHague distribution,informationnetworks,orinformationstorageand AcquisitionsEditor:SethDobrin retrievalsystems,exceptaspermittedunderSection107or108ofthe MediaEditor:ElizabethMomb 1976UnitedStatesCopyrightAct,withoutthepriorwrittenpermission MarketingProgramManager:TamiStrang ofthepublisher. 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This page intentionally left blank C ONTENTS PREFACE xi ABOUT THE AUTHORS xix CHAPTER 1 An Introduction to the Competency-Based Assessment Model 1 Introduction 1 The Multiaxial System 3 The Competency-Based Assessment Model 8 The Biopsychosocial Framework 8 The Ecological Perspective 9 The Strengths Perspective 11 Systems Theory 11 The Social Worker’s Role 14 Understanding the Client 16 Summary 21 Competency Notes 22 CHAPTER 2 Disorders of Infancy, Childhood, or Adolescence 26 Introduction 26 Cultural Perspectives 27 The Child’s Stages of Development 29 Mental Retardation 30 Disorders Seen in Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence 30 Autism Spectrum Disorders 31 Autism 32 Prevailing Pattern 32 Differential Assessment 32 Asperger’s Disorder 36 v vi CONTENTS Prevailing Pattern 36 Differential Assessment 37 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder 41 Prevailing Pattern 41 Differential Assessment 42 Conduct Disorder 46 Prevailing Pattern 46 Differential Assessment 46 Oppositional Defiant Disorder 51 Prevailing Pattern 51 Differential Assessment 51 Separation Anxiety 54 Prevailing Pattern 54 Differential Assessment 54 Other Disorders of Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence 56 Summary 59 Practitioner’s Reflections 60 Activities 60 Competency Notes 61 CHAPTER 3 Cognitive Disorders: Delirium and Dementia 65 Introduction 65 Delirium 67 Prevailing Pattern 68 Dementia 72 Alzheimer’s-Type Dementia 72 Vascular Dementia 78 Dementias Due to Diseases Other Than Alzheimer’s 79 Amnestic Disorder (Amnesia) 80 Summary 80 Practitioner’s Reflections 81 Activities 81 Competency Notes 82 CHAPTER 4 Substance-Related Disorders 85 Introduction 85 The Essential Features of Substance-Related Disorders 86 Organization of Substance Use Disorders 88 Organization of Substance-Induced Disorders 89 Polysubstance-Related Disorder 90 Other Diagnostic Considerations 91 Substance Use Disorders 92 Prevailing Pattern 92 Substance Dependence 95 Substance Abuse 97 Substance-Induced Disorders 103 Substance Intoxication 104 Substance Withdrawal 104 CONTENTS vii Understanding Specific Substances 108 Depressants 110 Alcohol 110 Sedatives, Hypnotics, and Anxiolytics 113 Stimulants 116 Amphetamines 116 Cocaine 119 Caffeine 120 Nicotine 122 Opioids 126 Hallucinogens 128 Cannabis/Marijuana 130 Other Drugs 131 Inhalants 130 Phencyclidines 132 Summary 135 Practitioner’s Reflections 135 Activities 136 Competency Notes 137 CHAPTER 5 Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders 143 Introduction 143 Understanding Schizophrenia 145 Cultural Considerations 147 Prevailing Pattern 148 Understanding Positive and Negative Symptoms 149 Differential Assessment 153 Familial and Biological/Genetic Considerations 153 The Role of Dopamine 155 Suicide, Depression, and Substance Use 157 A Competency-Based Assessment of Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders 158 Schizophrenia: The Five Subtypes 158 Paranoid-Type Schizophrenia 159 Catatonic-Type Schizophrenia 161 Disorganized-Type Schizophrenia 165 Undifferentiated-Type Schizophrenia 169 Residual-Type Schizophrenia 170 Understanding Other Psychotic Disorders 172 Schizophreniform Disorder 172 Schizoaffective Disorder 174 Brief Psychotic Disorder 177 Delusional Disorder 179 Shared Psychotic Disorder (Formerly Known as Folie à Deux) 180 Proposed Diagnostic Categories 180 Summary 181 viii CONTENTS Practitioner’s Reflections 182 Activities 182 Competency Notes 183 CHAPTER 6 Mood Disorders 187 Introduction 187 The Major Depressive Disorders 190 Prevailing Pattern 191 Complications Associated with Major Depression 191 Bipolar Disorder 198 Prevailing Pattern 199 Variations of Bipolar Disorder 200 The Minor Mood Disorders 204 Dysthymia 204 Prevailing Pattern 205 Cyclothymia 209 Prevailing Pattern 209 Suicide Risk and the Mood Disorders 211 Medications Commonly Associated with the Mood Disorders 215 Summary 217 Practitioner’s Reflections 219 Activities 220 Competency Notes 221 CHAPTER 7 Anxiety Disorders 225 Introduction 225 Understanding Agoraphobia 226 Prevailing Pattern 227 Understanding Specific Phobia 233 Animal Phobia 234 Natural Environment Phobia 234 Blood-Injection-Injury Phobia 234 Situational-Type Phobia 235 Social Phobia 236 Prevailing Pattern 236 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 239 Prevailing Pattern 242 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder 246 Prevailing Pattern 248 Acute Stress Disorder 253 Prevailing Pattern 256 Generalized Anxiety Disorder 260 Prevailing Pattern 261 Summary 264 Practitioner’s Reflections 265 265 Activities Competency Notes 266
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