Table Of Content

INTERNATIONAL LAW STUDIES 1996 PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT DURING ARMED CONFLICT Edited by Richard Grunawalt, John E. King and Ronald S. McClain J. Volume 69 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Protection ofthe environment during armed conflict / edited by Richard J. Grunaw—alt, John E. King and Ronald S. McClain. p. 720 cm. (International law studies; v. 69) Includes index. — 1. War (International law) Environmental aspects. 2. Environmental law, International. I. Grunawalt, Richard J., 1934— II. King, John E., 1949- . III. McClain, Ronald S., 1959- IV. Series. JX1295.U4 vol.69 [JX5011] 363.7—dc20 96-34947 CIP MEMORIAM IN This book is dedicated to the memory of Dr. John H. McNeill - patriot, scholar, counselor, and friend. Contents vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD xiii PREFACE xv PART ONE—INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER I—WELCOMING REMARKS RearAdmiralJames R. Stark, U.S. Navy andProfessorRichardJ. Grunawalt 3 CHAPTER II—OPENING ADDRESS The Honorable ConradHarper 8 CHAPTER III—FRAMING THE ISSUES RearAdmiral Carlson M. LeGrand,JAGC, U.S. Navy ... 23 PART TWO—PANEL THE STRATEGIC I: IMPERATIVE 33 CHAPTER IV—NAVAL WARFARE AND THE ENVIRONMENT RearAdmiral William H. Wright, IV, US. Navy 35 CHAPTER V—THE ARMY AND THE ENVIRONMENT: ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS DURING ARMY OPERATIONS Brigadier GeneralJoseph G. Garrett, U.S. Army 42 CHAPTER VI—PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT DURING ARMED CONFLICT AND OTHER MILITARY OPERATIONS Major GeneralRobert E. Linhard, U.S. AirForce 57 CHAPTER VII—PANEL DISCUSSION 63 PART THREE—PANEL THE ENVIRONMENTAL II: THREAT OF MILITARY OPERATIONS 85 CHAPTER VIII—THE IMPACT OF WAR AND MILITARY OPERATIONS OTHER THAN WAR ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT: POLICY MAKING ON THE Contents viii FRONTIERS OF KNOWLEDGE Dr. RonaldA. DeMarco and CommanderJohn P. Quinn,JAGC, U.S. Navy 87 CHAPTER IX—THIS LAND OUR LAND: THE IS ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT OF ARMY OPERATIONS Colonel Frank R. Finch, U.S. Army 99 CHAPTER X—THE ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT OF MILITARY OPERATIONS Mr. William M. Arkin 116 CHAPTER XI—COMMENT Dr. Arthur G. Gaines,Jr 136 CHAPTER XII—PANEL DISCUSSION 148 PART FOUR—PANEL THE EXISTING LEGAL FRAME- III: WORK, PART I—PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT DURING INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICT .... 183 CHAPTER XIII—OCEANS LAW, THE MARITIME ENVIRONMENT, AND THE LAW OF NAVAL WARFARE Professor George K. Walker 185 CHAPTER XIV—ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN INTER- NATIONAL ARMED CONFLICT: THE EXPERIENCE OF THE GULF WAR 1991 ProfessorAdam Roberts 222 CHAPTER XV—COMMENT Professor Paul C. Szasz 278 CHAPTER XVI—PANEL DISCUSSION 288 PART FIVE—PANEL THE EXISTING LEGAL FRAME- IV: WORK, PART II— PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT DURING NON-INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICT OPERATIONS INVOLVING THE USE OF FORCE {I.E., MILITARY OPERATIONS OTHER THAN WAR— MOOTW) 313