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Protecting the Frontline in Biodefense Research: The Special Immunizations Program PDF

185 Pages·2011·0.88 MB·English
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PROTECTING THE FRONTLINE IN BIODEFENSE RESEARCH The Special Immunizations Program Committee on Special Immunizations Program for Laboratory Personnel Engaged in Research on Countermeasures for Select Agents Board on Life Sciences Division on Earth and Life Studies THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street NW Washington, DC 20001 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This project was supported by Contract HHSP23320042509XI (Task Order HHSP23337007T) between the National Academy of Sciences and the Department of Health and Human Services. The content of this publication does not necessarily refect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does men- tion of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. government. International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-309-20924-3 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-309-20924-2 Additional copies of this report are available from the National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street NW, Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334- 3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet, http://www.nap.edu. Copyright 2011 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonproft, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientifc and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientifc and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is president of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examina- tion of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sciences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the Na- tional Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientifc and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council. www.national-academies.org COMMITTEE ON SPECIAL IMMUNIZATIONS PROGRAM FOR LABORATORY PERSONNEL ENGAGED IN RESEARCH ON COUNTERMEASURES FOR SELECT AGENTS DONALD S. BURKE (Chair), Dean, Graduate School of Public Health; UPMC-Jonas Salk Chair in Global Health; Associate Vice Chancellor for Global Health; and Director, Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania W. EMMETT BARKLEY, President, Proven Practices, Bethesda, Maryland GERARDO CHOWELL, Assistant Professor, School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University; Research Associate, Fogarty International Center, U.S. National Institutes of Health, Tempe, Arizona ALAN S. CROSS, Professor of Medicine, Center for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland STEPHEN W. DREW, President, Drew Solutions LLC, Summit, New Jersey KATHRYN M. EDWARDS, Sarah Sell Professor of Pediatrics; Director, Vanderbilt Vaccine Research Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee ROBERT J. HAWLEY, Independent Consultant, Biological Safety, 1 Biosecurity and Biosurety Issues, Frederick, Maryland THOMAS G. KSIAZEK, Professor, Department of Pathology and Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Director, National Biodefense Training Center; Senior Staff Scientist and Director, High Containment Operations Core, Galveston National Laboratory, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas THOMAS P. MONATH, Partner, Pandemic and Biodefense Fund, Kleiner Perkins Caufeld and Byers; Adjunct Professor, Harvard School of Public Health, Cambridge, Massachusetts PETER A. PATRIARCA, Senior Clinical Consultant, Biologics Consulting Group, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland HOLLY A. TAYLOR, Assistant Professor, Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health; Core Faculty, Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland THOMAS E. WALTON, Former Associate and Acting Deputy Administrator for Veterinary Services, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture (retired), Eloy, Arizona 1 Senior Advisor, Science, Midwest Research Institute, Frederick, Maryland, until April 2011 v Staff KATHERINE BOWMAN, Study Director and Senior Program Offcer ADAM FAGEN, Study Director and Senior Program Offcer (until June 2010) CARL-GUSTAV ANDERSON, Program Associate NORMAN GROSSBLATT, Senior Editor vi BOARD ON LIFE SCIENCES KEITH R. YAMAMOTO (Chair), University of California, San Francisco, California BONNIE L. BASSLER, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey VICKI L. CHANDLER, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Palo Alto, California SEAN EDDY, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Farm Research Campus, Ashburn, Virginia MARK D. FITZSIMMONS, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Chicago, Illinois DAVID R. FRANZ, Midwest Research Institute, Frederick, Maryland DONALD E. GANEM, University of California, San Francisco, California LOUIS J. GROSS, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee JO HANDELSMAN, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut CATO T. LAURENCIN, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut BERNARD LO, University of California, San Francisco, California ROBERT M. NEREM, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia CAMILLE PARMESAN, University of Texas, Austin, Texas MURIEL E. POSTON, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York ALISON G. POWER, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York BRUCE W. STILLMAN, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York CYNTHIA WOLBERGER, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland MARY WOOLLEY, Research!America, Alexandria, Virginia Staff FRANCES E. SHARPLES, Director JO L. HUSBANDS, Scholar/Senior Project Director JAY B. LABOV, Senior Scientist/Program Director for Biology Education KATHERINE BOWMAN, Senior Program Offcer MARILEE K. SHELTON-DAVENPORT, Senior Program Offcer INDIA HOOK-BARNARD, Program Offcer ANNA FARRAR, Financial Associate CARL-GUSTAV ANDERSON, Program Associate AMANDA MAZZAWI, Senior Program Assistant SAYYEDA AYESHA AHMED, Senior Program Assistant vii Acknowledgments This report has been reviewed in draft form by individuals chosen for their diverse perspectives and technical expertise in accordance with procedures approved by the National Research Council’s Report Review Committee. The purpose of the independent review is to provide candid and critical comments that will assist the institution in making its published report as sound as pos- sible and to ensure that the report meets institutional standards of objectivity, evidence, and responsiveness to the study charge. The review comments and draft manuscript remain confdential to protect the integrity of the deliberative process. We thank the following individuals for their review of this report: R. Mark Buller, Saint Louis University School of Medicine Arturo Casadevall, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University Janet Garber, Garber Consulting, LLC Adolfo García-Sastre, Mount Sinai School of Medicine John Grabenstein, Merck & Co., Inc. Barbara Johnson, Johnson & Associates, LLC Gigi Kwik Gronvall, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Steven Projan, MedImmune Pierre Rollin, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Although the reviewers listed above have provided many constructive comments and suggestions, they were not asked to endorse the conclusions or recommendations nor did they see the fnal draft of the report before its release. The review of this report was overseen by Adel Mahmoud, Princeton University. Appointed by the National Research Council, he was responsible ix

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