Project Scope Management: A Practical Guide to Requirements for Engineering, Product, Construction, IT and Enterprise Projects

344 Pages·2014·8.12 MB·English

by  Jamal Moustafaev

PROJECT SCOPE
MANAGEMENT
A Practical Guide to Requirements
for Engineering, Product, Construction,
IT and Enterprise Projects
K24187_Book.indb 1 10/17/14 1:11 PM
Best Practices and Advances
in Program Management Series
Series Editor
Ginger Levin
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PROJECT SCOPE
MANAGEMENT
A Practical Guide to Requirements
for Engineering, Product, Construction,
IT and Enterprise Projects
Jamal Moustafaev, MBA, PMP
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CRC Press
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Version Date: 20141006
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To my son Shamil, whose arrival in this world
midway through the creation of this book has
changed my perspective on so many things…
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Contents
Foreword xv
PreFace xix
about the author xxvii
chaPter 1 IntroductIon to ScoPe ManageMent: who?
what? why? 1
Historical Perspective: The Rusted Staple Story 1
Why Write a Book about Project Scope Management? 3
Current State of Project Scope Management 3
Key Problems with Scope 4
Port Upgrade: Container Terminal Construction Project 5
Wireless Company: Mobile Number Portability Project 6
Does This Sound Like Your Life? 8
Why Bother with Requirements? 8
Developing a Shared Platform 13
Glossary 13
Chapter Summary 15
chaPter 2 hIStory oF ScoPe ManageMent 17
Introduction 17
Brief History of Project Scope Management 18
Twenty-Seventh Century BC: Sneferu’s Expensive
Prototyping 18
First Century AD: Building the Colosseum 20
Fifth Century: Composite Bow Design 22
Tenth Century: Story of a Viking Longship 24
Twelfth Century: First “Do-It-Yourself” Book 25
vii
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viii Contents
Fifteenth Century: Leonardo da Vinci 26
Eighteenth Century: Industrial Revolution 29
Twentieth Century: Software Engineering 31
Twenty-First Century: Project Management Institute
and the PMBOK® Guide 32
Chapter Summary 32
chaPter 3 wrItIng Project charterS 35
Historical Perspective: The Sheep and the Oil 35
Dual Role of the Project Charter 37
What Is a Project Charter? 37
Portfolio Management Perspective 38
Project Management Perspective 39
What Is Included in the Project Charters? 40
Problem and Opportunity Statements 40
Mobile Number Portability—Problem Opportunity
Statement 41
Goals and Objectives 41
ABC Software Systems Goals and Objectives 42
Rough Order-of-Magnitude Budget and Schedule 43
Stakeholder Register 46
Project Feasibility/Justification 48
Risk Management 49
Constraints 50
Risks 51
Assumptions 51
Chapter Summary 52
chaPter 4 requIreMentS, cuStoMerS, uSerS 55
Historical Perspective: “New Account Opening” Project 55
Requirements 56
Taxonomy 56
Types of Requirements 63
Hierarchical Approach 63
Engineering Approach 63
Conscious, Unconscious, and Undreamed-of
Requirements Approach 64
Departments Involved or Domains Approach 65
Systems Approach 65
Target Audiences Approach 66
Information Technology or Software Development
Approach 66
What Is the Requirements Engineering Process? 67
Who Is a Requirements Analyst? 71
What Does the Analyst Do? 74
What Skills Would You Need? 75
Requirements Owners: Customers, Users, and Stakeholders 76
Introducing the Requirements Owner 76
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Contents ix
Who Should We Talk To? 77
Why Do We Neglect the Customer? 79
How Do We Find the Requirements Owners? 80
Customers versus Users Discussion 82
Partnership Agreement 83
Chapter Summary 84
chaPter 5 hIgh-LeveL ScoPe eLIcItatIon 85
Historical Perspective: University in the Desert 85
Sources for Requirements 86
Requirements Elicitation Is Not Easy 86
How to Elicit Requirements 90
Elicitation Methodologies 90
Interviews 90
Documentation 90
Requirements Specs 90
Problem Reports/Enhancement Requests 91
Marketing Surveys/Focus Groups 91
Market Trends 91
Observing Users 92
Scenario Analysis 93
Events and Responses 93
Psychology 95
Brainstorming 96
Competitive Products Benchmarked 97
Reverse Engineering 97
Cool Hunting 97
Crowd Sourcing 98
Targeting 98
Unearthing High-Level Requirements 99
Importance of Questions 99
Structure for Defining Preliminary Scope 102
Types of Questions to Ask 106
Critical Thinking 108
Some Cautions about Elicitation 111
“Losing” the Stakeholders 111
Listening to Only a Few Representatives 112
Requirements versus Design 112
Scenario 1 113
Scenario 2 113
“Don’t Ask Too Many Questions” Advice 114
Chapter Summary 115
chaPter 6 detaILed requIreMentS eLIcItatIon 117
Historical Perspective: Burj Al Arab 117
Detailed Requirements Elicitation Methodologies 122
Wallpapers 122
Wikis 123
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