project completion report

62 Pages·2014·4.73 MB·English

Project Report: Addressing Water Issues in Institutions, Andhra Pradesh

ADDRESSING WATER ISSUES IN INSTITUTIONS OF PRAKASM
&
BAPATA DISTRICTS, ANDHRA PRADESH, INDIA

PROJECT COMPLETION
REPORT

Submitted to
Engineers India Ltd. New
Delhi

By

The Institute
Institute for Integrated Rural Development (IIRD)
Center for Technology & Innovation (CTI)
(A unit of IIRD, An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institute)
IIRD Complex, By Pass Road, Shanan, Sanjauli, Shimla-6, H.P., India
Ph. [phone], Telefax: [phone]
Email: [email protected] / iirdsml @gmail.com
Website: www.iirdshimla.org

March 18, 2014
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Project Report: Addressing Water Issues in Institutions, Andhra Pradesh

CONTENT

PARTICULARS PAGE NO

1. PROJECT TITLE ............................................................................................................................................... 4
2. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................... 4
3. OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................................. 7
4. THE PROJECT AREA .................................................................................................................................. 7
6. TECHNOLOGY USED ................................................................................................................................ 17
7. PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION: .............................................................................................................. 18
Inauguration ceremony ......................................................................................................................................... 18
Installation process of R.O. Systems .................................................................................................................... 19
Water testing in each targeted institutions: .................................................................................................... 19
OUTCOME OF THE PROJECT AND PROJECTED EFFECTS: .................................................................... 21
Improvement of the water Quality after project implementation ............................................................................. 21

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Project Report: Addressing Water Issues in Institutions, Andhra Pradesh

PROJECT

DETAILS
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Project Report: Addressing Water Issues in Institutions, Andhra Pradesh

1. PROJECT TITLE

“Addressing Water Issues in Institutions in Prakasm & Bapatala Districts of Andhra Pradesh”

2. INTRODUCTION

Safe and pure drinking water is essential for the health and well being of all people.
Unfortunately in many parts of our targeted area, some drinking water supplies have become
contaminated with many hazardous ions and heavy metal residues, which have negative impact on
the health and economic status of the populations. Fluoride is one of the main contaminants of
drinking water, a ubiquitous element present in earth's crust and is also being added to the water bodies
anthropogenically. Fluorine is found in the soil and the content of Fluorine in the lithosphere
varies between 100 and 1500 g/ton. Fluoride has gained significance due to its dual influences on
human beings. In lower concentrations, fluoride is an essential nutrient which aids in the formation of
bones, prevents tooth decay, etc., whereas in higher concentrations it causes fluorosis, brittling of
bones, curvature of bones, dwarfishness, mental derangements, cancer, etc. and in extreme cases even
death. The fluoride contamination in the target area may be due to the nature of rock and soil
formation.
Due to the increasing phenomenon of industrial development and establishment of industrial units
in many parts of our target area, the quality of water is greatly affected by dumping of industrial waste
into water bodies and gradual seepage from the soil to the ground water. Naturally the quality of
drinking water has deteriorated to a great level with very high levels of particulate impurities as wells
as dissolved heavy metal ions have increased manifold. The results of many studies indicated that
the area is fully affected with endemic fluorosis and the concentration of fluoride ion in all water
sources derived from bore well and hand pumps, varies from place to place. In such a scenario it
becomes highly imperative to provide safe drinking water to the population of the target area by using
appropriate interventions. We have used Reverse Osmosis technology which is one of the most
effective and efficient methods to remove harmful ions from various water sources and render them
safe for drinking purposes.
The rural population of India comprises more than 700 million people residing in about 1.42 million
habitations spread over 15 diverse ecological regions. It is true that providing drinking water to such
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Project Report: Addressing Water Issues in Institutions, Andhra Pradesh
a large population is an enormous challenge. Our country is also characterised by non-uniformity in
level of awareness, socio-economic development, education, poverty, practices and rituals which
add to the complexity of providing water.
The health burden of poor water quality is enormous. It is estimated that around 37.7 million Indians
are affected by waterborne diseases annually, 1.5 million children are estimated to die of diarrhoea
alone and 73 million working days are lost due to waterborne disease each year. The resulting
economic burden is estimated at $600 million a year. The problems of chemical contamination is also
prevalent in India with 1,95,813 habitations in the country are affected by poor water quality. The
major chemical parameters of concern are fluoride and arsenic. Iron is also emerging as a major
problem with many habitations showing excess iron in the water samples. The provision of clean
drinking water has been given priority in the Constitution of India, with Article 47 conferring
the duty of providing clean drinking water and improving public health standards to the State. The
government has undertaken various programmes since independence to provide safe drinking water to
the rural masses. Till the 10th plan, an estimated total of Rs.1,105 billion spent on providing safe
drinking water. One would argue that the expenditure is huge but it is also true that despite such
expenditure lack of safe and secure drinking water continues to be a major hurdle and a national
economic burden. On one hand the pressures of development is changing the distribution of water in
the country, access to adequate water has been cited as the primary factor responsible for limiting
development.
Groundwater is the major source of water in our country with 85% of the population dependent on it.
The 2001 Census reported that 68.2 per cent of households in India have access to safe drinking water.
However, coverage refers to installed capacity, and not average actual supply over a sustained
period or the quality of water being supplied which is the most essential part.
While accessing drinking water continues to be a problem, assuring that it is safe is a challenge by
itself.
Water quality problems are caused by pollution and over-exploitation. The rapid pace of
industrialisation and greater emphasis on agricultural growth combined with financial and
technological constraints and non-enforcement of laws have led to generation of large quantities of
waste and pollution. Similarly, over-extraction of groundwater has also resulted in increase in
fluoride concentration in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh
and Rajasthan. The need for user involvement in maintaining water quality and looking at other
aspects like hygiene, environment sanitation, storage and disposal are critical elements to maintain
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Project Report: Addressing Water Issues in Institutions, Andhra Pradesh
the quality of water resources.
When it comes to dealing with maintaining water quality, the users and in large the communities
have to play a key role in maintaining hygiene near water sources. One has to improve the ways in
which we collect and store water so as to avoid contamination while collection, storage and use.
With the decentralisation of programmes for water supply it is essential that communities and
institutions like panchayats are actively involved in the planning, implementation and execution of
programmes for water supply. These institutions will also have to undertake the monitoring of water
sources and be made aware so simple remedial measures. It is true that this will require training and
capacity building at a large scale.
There can be little doubt that water is a basic necessity for the survival of humans. There is interplay
of various factors that govern access and utilisation of water resources and in light of the
increasing demand for water it becomes important to look for holistic and people-centred approaches
for water management.
To ensure the safe drinking water the present project may anticipate the problem through water
resources development in Andhra Pradesh. This project proposes and aims are to significantly
enhance access to safe water and improving sanitation.
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Project Report: Addressing Water Issues in Institutions, Andhra Pradesh

3. OBJECTIVES

• To increase access to clean and safe drinking water for both boys and girls Hostel
through installation of ROs.

• To carry out community sensitization, hygiene promotion and training on sanitation
measures.
• To promote community participation and encourage the community to own and manage

the projects.

• To explore and initiate local and external contributory partnerships that will enhance
facilitation and execution of strategic interventions.

4. THE PROJECT AREA

The project will be implemented in Boys and Girls Hostel in Chirala, Parachur, Addanki
Assembly Constituencies of Andhra Pradesh. Chirala is situated at a distance of 85 km south of
2
Vijayawada and the city area developed around 50 km radius towards North Bapatla, it is the
second largest town after Ongole in the state of Andhra Pradesh. Chirala-Perala, the twin town
has a population of 1,62,725 (2011 census) and surrounding area including more than 3 lakhs
population from villages like Jandrapeta, Vetapalem, Epurupalem, Chinnaganjam,
Pandhillapalli, Karamchedu, Vodarevu, Gundaipalem, and Motupalli. Earlier it used to be a taluk
of Guntur District, and later became part of Prakasam District. This town is the major hub for
textile business in the district of Prakasam. Because of its large textile business it is also
called Mini-Bombay or Chenna Bombay. Due to the textile and dyeing industry pollution of the
water bodies is a regular occurrence in this town. The purity of potable water is of great concern
because of this reason. The installation of RO water purification system in the selected hostels in
this region will be of great benefit for all the residents.
Parchur is a Mandal in Prakasam District of Andhra Pradesh. Parchur Mandal Head Quarters is
Parchur town. It is located around 66 Km towards North from District head quarters Ongole
and. 289 KM from State capital Hyderabad towards west. Parchur Mandal is bounded by
Karamchedu Mandal towards South, Yddana Pudi Mandal towards west, Pedanandipadu

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Project Report: Addressing Water Issues in Institutions, Andhra Pradesh
Mandal towards North, Kakumanu Mandal towards East. Chirala City , Chilakaluripet City,
Bapatla City, Ponnur City are the nearby Cities to Parchur.

Addanki is an assembly constituency in Andhra Pradesh. Addanki, Ballikurava, Korisapadu,
Panguluru, and Santamaguluru are the 5 mandals that come under Addanki Assembly
Constituency. Addanki assembly comes under Bapatla parliament constituency.

Table 1. Details of Social Welfare Department Hostels and need of RO units (25 LPH)
to be installed in Chirala Assembly Constituency, Andhra Pradesh.

SL. Name of the Name and location of the Located in No. of No of RO
No. Mandal hostel Govt.,/ private Boarders units (25
building admitted LPH)
1 Chirala SW Boys Hostel, Chirala Govt. 16 1
2 ” SW Girls Hostel, Chirala Govt. 90 1
3 ” SW Ananda Nilayam for Govt. 38 1
Girls, Chirala
4 Vetapalem SW Boys Hostel, Govt. 39 1
Vetapalem
5 ” SW Girls Hostel, Govt. 46 1
Vetapalem
Total 5

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Project Report: Addressing Water Issues in Institutions, Andhra Pradesh
Table 2. Details of Social Welfare Department Hostels and need of RO units (25 LPH) to be
installed in Parchur Assembly Constituency.

SL. Name of the Name and location of Located in No. of No of RO
No. Mandal the hostel Gov.,/private Boarders units (25
building admitted LPH)
1 Parchur SW Girls Hostel, Govt. 42 1
Parchur
2 ” SW Boys Hostel, Govt. 75 1
Cherukur
3 Karamchedu SW Boys Hostel , Private 42 1
Karamchedu
4 Inkollu SW Boys Hostel, Private 67 1
Inkollu
5 Martur SW Girls Hostel, Govt. 82 1
Martur
6 ” SW Boys Hostel , Govt. 116 2
Valaparla
7 ” SW Boys Hostel, Private 92 1
Kolalapudi
Total 8

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Project Report: Addressing Water Issues in Institutions, Andhra Pradesh

Table 3 Details of Social Welfare Department Hostels and need of RO units (25 LPH) to
be installed in Addanki Assembly Constituency, Andhra Pradesh.

Sl. Name of the Name and location of Located in No. of No of RO
No. Mandal the hostel Govt.,/ Boarders units (25
Private building admitted LPH)
1 Addanki SW Boys Hostel –I, Govt. 135 2
Addanki
2 ’’ SW Boys Hostel –II, Private 67 1
Addanki
3 ’’ SW Girls Hostel, Private 93 1
Addanki
4 Korashapadu SW Boys Hostel, Private 50 1
Korshapadu
5 ” SW Boys Hostel, Govt. 156 2
Pamidipadu
6 Ballikurava SW Boys Hostel. Govt. 80 1
Vaidana
7 J. Pangulur SW Boys Hostel, Private. 72 1
Muppavaram
8 S.Magulur SW Boys Hostel Govt. 143 2
S. Magulur
9 ” SW Boys hostel, Private 40 1
Vellalacheveru
Total 12

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