Professional Guide to Pathophysiology

992 Pages·2010·33.506 MB·English

by  Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

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STAFF
Executive Publisher
Judith A. Schilling McCann, RN, MSN
Clinical Director
Joan M. Robinson, RN, MSN
Art Director
Elaine Kasmer
Product Manager
Diane Labus
Editor
Margaret Eckman
Clinical Editor
Joanne M. Bartelmo, RN, MSN
Copy Editor
Heather Ditch
Design Assistant
Kate Zulak
Associate Manufacturing Manager
Beth J. Welsh
Editorial Assistants
Karen J. Kirk, Jeri O’Shea, Linda K. Ruhf
The clinical treatments described and recommended in this publication are based on research and consultation with nursing, medical, and legal
authorities. To the best of our knowledge, these procedures reflect currently accepted practice. Nevertheless, they can’t be considered absolute
and universal recommendations. For individual applications, all recommendations must be considered in light of the patient’s clinical condition
and, before administration of new or infrequently used drugs, in light of the latest package-insert information. The authors and publisher
disclaim any responsibility for any adverse effects resulting from the suggested procedures, from any undetected errors, or from the reader’s
misunderstanding of the text.
© 2011 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of it may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or otherwise—without prior
written permission of the publisher, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews and testing and evaluation materials
provided by publisher to instructors whose schools have adopted its accompanying textbook. Printed in China. For information, write
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 323 Norristown Road, Suite 200, Ambler, PA 19002-2756.
PGDPATHO3E010210
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Professional guide to pathophysiology. — 3rd ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-60547-766-4 (alk. paper)
1. Physiology, Pathological. I. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
[DNLM: 1. Pathology. 2. Physiological Phenomena. QZ 140 P9647 2011]
RB113.P76 2011
616.07—dc22
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2009031489
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Contributors and consultants
Foreword
1 FUNDAMENTALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
2 CANCER
3 INFECTION
4 FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES
5 GENETICS
6 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
7 RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
8 NERVOUS SYSTEM
9 GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
10 MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
11 HEMATOLOGIC SYSTEM
12 IMMUNE SYSTEM
13 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
14 RENAL SYSTEM
15 SENSORY SYSTEM
16 INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
17 REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Less common disorders
Selected references
Index
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Diane D. Abercrombie, PA-C, MA, MMSc
Academic Coordinator and Assistant Professor
University of South Alabama
Dept. of Physician Assistant Studies
Mobile, Ala.
Sally W. Aboelela, PhD
Assistant Professor
Columbia University School of Nursing
New York
Cheryl L. Brady, RN, MSN
Assistant Professor
Kent State University
Salem, Ohio
Natalie Burkhalter, RN, MSN, FNP, ACNP, CCRN
Interim Dean of the College of Nursing and Health Sciences
Associate Professor
Texas A&M International University Laredo, Tex.
Ruth A. Chaplen, RN, MSN, APRN-BC, AOCN
Nurse Practitioner
Karmanos Cancer Institute
Clinical Instructor
Wayne State University College of Nursing Detroit
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Lillian Craig, RN, MSN, FNP-C
Family Nurse Practitioner
Adjunct Faculty
Oklahoma Panhandle State University
Goodwell, Okla.
J. Kenneth Ehlers, MPAS, PA-C
Physician Assistant
Naval School of Health Sciences
San Diego
Nancy H. Haynes, RN, PhD, CCRN
Associate Professor
Saint Luke’s College
Kansas City, Mo.
Lieutenant Commander Manuel Leal, PA-C, MPAS
Department Head
Naval School of Health Sciences
San Diego
Judith A. Lewis, RN, PhD, WHNP-BC, FAAN
Professor Emerita
Virginia Commonwealth University
Richmond, Va.
Karen L. Madsen, RN, MSN, FNP-BC
Assistant Professor
Cox College
Springfield, Mo.
E. Ann Myers, MD, FACP, FACE
Physician Administrative Consultant in Endocrinology
St. Mary’s Medical Center
San Francisco
Donna L. Van Houten, RN, BSN, MS
Nursing Faculty
GateWay Community College (Maricopa Community College District)
Phoenix, Ariz.
Colleen R. Walsh, RN, MSN, ONC, CS, ACNP-BC
Instructor, Graduate Nursing
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University of Southern Indiana
College of Nursing and Health Professions
Evansville, Ind.
Sarah Yuan, MD, PhD
Professor of Surgery
University of California at Davis Medical Center
Sacramento, Calif.
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Although pathology changes very little, our understanding of pathophysiology is constantly changing as it’s
enriched by new scientific research. Indeed, research has contributed greatly to our knowledge base regarding
normal physiology as well as disease states. This third edition of Professional Guide to Pathophysiology reflects
such recent advances in medical knowledge. Discoveries of new disease processes, which cause unique patterns
of pathology, are clearly described in this updated text.
The first chapter lays a foundation for normal cellular physiology and pathologic deviations of disease.
Following that, cancer, infection, and fluid and electrolytes each deserve a specific chapter because of their
ubiquitous effects. Since the Human Genome project, our understanding of genetic links has exploded with
new insight and data. This new edition expands on such recent genetic discoveries, not only in the chapter on
genetics, but also in subsequent chapters pertaining to specific systems. The remainder of the book is
organized by body system, with an initial discussion of normal anatomy and physiology as a background for
pathology specific to that area. Subsequent disease entries cover causes, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms,
complications, diagnosis, treatment, and special considerations.
Parallel to the text, “banners” draw the attention to potentially life-threatening disorders, “Clinical alert”
highlights important complications and critical interventions that may be required, “Closer look” illustrations
provide rich visual detail of physiologic and pathophysiologic processes, and “Disease block” flowcharts show
points where treatment halts disease progression. “Genetic link” highlights information about gene-related
discoveries in specific disorders; “Age alert” presents age-related differences in pathophysiologic processes,
incidences, onset, and clinical findings in various disorders; and “Multisystem disorder” discusses a
collaborative approach to disorders affecting multiple body systems.
The new full-color design serves to enhance a greater understanding of pathology and also provides a visual
for teaching patients as well as students. Additionally, a new “Prevention” icon provides valuable health
promotion and diseases prevention tips for selected disorders.
Professional Guide to Pathophysiology, Third Edition, readily provides the vital information needed, helping
the clinician keep current and helping the student emerge more knowledgeable.
Richard R. Roach, MD
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