Proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing PDF
Preview Proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
EMNLP 2009 Proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing A meeting of SIGDAT, a special interest group of ACL held in conjunction with ACL-IJCNLP 2009 6–7 August 2009 Singapore ProductionandManufacturingby WorldScientificPublishingCoPteLtd 5TohTuckLink Singapore596224 TheconferenceorganizersaregratefultoMicrosoftResearchfortheirgeneroussupport. (cid:13)c 2009TheAssociationforComputationalLinguistics andTheAsianFederationofNaturalLanguageProcessing OrdercopiesofthisandotherACLproceedingsfrom: AssociationforComputationalLinguistics(ACL) 209N.EighthStreet Stroudsburg,PA18360 USA Tel: +1-570-476-8006 Fax: +1-570-476-0860 [email protected] ISBN978-1-932432-59-6/1-932432-59-0(Volume1) ISBN978-1-932432-62-6/1-932432-62-0(Volume2) ISBN978-1-932432-63-3/1-932432-63-9(Volume3) ii Introduction Welcometothe2009ConferenceonEmpiricalMethodsinNaturalLanguageProcessing! TheconferenceisorganizedundertheauspicesofSIGDAT,theACLSpecialInterestGroupforlinguistic data and corpus-based approaches to natural language processing. It is co-located this year with ACL- IJCNLP2009inSingapore. EMNLP received 475 submissions, a new record. We were able to accept 163 papers in total (an acceptance rate of 34%). Of these, 96 (20%) were accepted for oral presentation, and 67 (14%) for poster presentation. The papers were selected by a program committee of 15 area chairs, from Asia, Europe, and North America, assisted by a panel of 389 reviewers. This year EMNLP again held an author response period. Authors were able to read and respond to the reviews of their paper before the program committee made a final decision. They were asked to correct factual errors in the reviews andanswerquestionsraisedinthereviewercomments.Theintentionwastohelpproducemoreaccurate reviews. In some cases, reviewers changed their scores in view of the authors response and the area chairsreadallresponsescarefullypriortomakingrecommendationsforacceptance. Firstandforemost, wewouldliketothanktheauthorswhosubmittedtheirworktoEMNLP.Thesheer number of submissions reflects how broad and active our field is. We are deeply indebted to the area chairs and the reviewers for their hard work. They enabled us to select an exciting program and to provide valuable feedback to the authors. Additional thanks to the Publications Chair, David Chiang, who put this volume together. Jason Eisner helped us immensely by compiling a web site on “How to Serve as Program Chair of a Conference.”1 Special thanks to David Yarowsky and Ken Church of SIGDATwhoprovidedmuchvaluableadviceandassistanceoverthepastmonths. Weareaksograteful forthefinancialsupportfromMicrosoft. WearemostgratefultoHaizhouLiwhohelpeduswithvariouslogisticandorganizationalaspectsofthe conference. RichGerberandtheSTARTteamrespondedtoourquestionsquickly,andhelpedusmanage the large number of submissions smoothly. Finally, thanks are due to our predecessors, Mirella Lapata andHweeTouNg,whoseexperienceandexampleweshamelesslyexploited. PhilippKoehn RadaMihalcea 1http://www.cs.jhu.edu/jason/advice/how-to-chair-a-conference.html ProgramCo-Chairs: PhilippKoehn,UniversityofEdinburgh RadaMihalcea,UniversityofNorthTexas AreaChairs: StephenClark,UniversityofCambridge MonaDiab,ColumbiaUniversity JasonEisner,JohnsHopkinsUniversity KatrinErk,UniversityofTexas EricFosler-Lussier,OhioStateUniversity IrynaGurevych,DarmstadtUniversity HangLi,Microsoft Chin-YewLin,Microsoft AdamLopez,UniversityofEdinburgh ViviNa˘stase,EMLResearch MilesOsborne,UniversityofEdinburgh TimPaek,Microsoft MariusPas¸ca,Google CarloStrapparava,FBK-irst TheresaWilson,UniversityofEdinburgh LocalArrangementsChair: HaizhouLi,InstituteforInfocommResearch PublicationsChair: DavidChiang,USCInformationSciencesInstitute Reviewers: AhmedAbbasi Hsin-HsiChen AnetteFrank NancyIde EugeneAgichtein Pu-JenCheng AlexFraser GonzaloIglesias AmrAhmed XueqiCheng PascaleFung DianaInkpen BenAllison ColinCherry EvgeniyGabrilovich MartinJansche YaseminAltun DavidChiang MichelGalley NitinJindal AlinaAndreevskaia YejinChoi MichaelGamon RichardJohansson ShlomoArgamon JenniferChu-Carroll JianfengGao PamelaJordan AbhishekArun KenChurch YuqingGao JoemonJose JordiAtserias Massimiliano NikeshGarera HiroshiKanayama NecipFazilAyan Ciaramita KallirroiGeorgila RohitKate TimothyBaldwim JamesClarke UlrichGermann GrahamKatz SrinivasBangalore PaulCook DanielGildea TatsuyaKawahara RoyBar-Haim BonaventuraCoppola Jesu´sGime´nez FrankKeller ReginaBarzilay MartaR.Costa-Jussa JonathanGinzburg AdamKilgarriff RobertoBasili MathiasCreutz RoxanaGirju Soo-MinKim SabineBergler MontseCuadrosOller ClaudioGiuliano DietrichKlakow StevenBethard SilviuCucerzan JimGlass AlexandreKlementiev RahulBhagat HangCui AlfioGliozzo KevinKnight ChrisBiemann JamesCurran AndrewGoldberg RobKoeling AlexandraBirch WalterDaelemans JohnGoldsmith GrzegorzKondrak PhilBlunsom HerculesDalianis SharonGoldwater TerryKoo DanBohus DipanjanDas Carlos MosheKoppel GemmaBoleda DmitryDavidov Gomez-Rodriguez Andra´sKornai JohanBos Adria` deGispert JulioGonzalo ZornitsaKozareva Alexandre Marie-Catherinede CyrilGoutte Lun-WeiKu Bouchard-Coˆte´ Marneffe MarkGreenwood SandraKuebler ThorstenBrants SteveDeNeefe NizarHabash RolandKuhn EricBreck JohnDeNero BarryHaddow RaviKumar SamBrody YonggangDeng PatrickHaffner ShankarKumar SusanBrown PascalDenis ThomasHain SadaoKurohashi PaulBuitelaar AnnDevitt DilekHakkani-Tur WeiLai RazvanBunescu FernandoDiaz DavidHall WaiLam AljoschaBurchardt MarkusDickinson KeithHall LoriLamel JillBurstein MarkDredze SandaHarabagiu AlonLavie BillByrne MarkusDreyer SasˇaHasan VictorLavrenko ChrisCallison-Burch AmitDubey Mark MatthewLease NicolaCancedda ChrisDyer Hasegawa-Johnson GaryLee YunboCao KojiEguchi XiaodongHe Gina-AnneLevow GuiseppeCarenini AndreasEisele JeffreyHeinz WeiLi MarineCarpuat MichaelElhadad JamesHenderson ZhifeiLi XavierCarreras AndreaEsuli JohnHenderson DekangLin JohnCarroll StefanEvert GraemeHirst Hsuan-TienLin VitorCarvalho RichardFarkas HieuHoang JimmyLin FranciscoCasacuberta AfsanehFazly JuliaHockenmaier Shou-deLin MauroCettolo ChristianeFellbaum KristyHollingshead LucianLita NateChambers JennyFinkel TracyHollowayKing BingLiu YeeSengChan MargaretFleck FlorentinaHristea NathanLiu Pi-ChuanChang RaduFlorian LiangHuang QunLiu HarrChen GeorgeFoster LluisHurtado YangLiu KarenLivescu NicolasNicolov VasileRus ChristophTillmann WolfgangMacherey RodneyNielsen AntonRytting IvanTitov NitinMadnani JoakimNivre MartaSabou KristinaToutanova RobMalouf TadashiNomoto BogdanSacaleanu RoyTromble GideonMann FranzOch KenjiSagae YoshimasaTsuruoka ChrisManning KemalOflazer HoracioSaggion AntalvandenBosch DanielMarcu ManubuOkumura MuratSaraclar GertjanvanNoord KatjaMarkert JahnaOtterbacher AnoopSarkar JosefvanGenabith DavidMartinez IadhOunis RoserSauri LonnekevanderPlas AndreMartins UlrikePado HelmutSchmid BenjaminVanDurme YujiMatsumoto LluisPadro KarinSchuler LucyVanderwende TakuyaMatsuzaki BoPang SabineSchulteim SebastianVarges MarkMaybury PatrickPantel Walde AshishVenugopal AndrewMcCallum FuchunPeng HolgerSchwenk DavidVilar DianaMcCarthy MarcoPennacchiotti FabrizioSebastiani StephanVogel RyanMcDonald SlavPetrov FrederiqueSegond PiekVossen KathyMcKeown EmanuelePianta YoheiSeki KuansanWang QiaozhuMei OlivierPietquin SatoshiSekine RichardWang ArulMenezes DanielePighin StephanieSeneff WeiWang FlorianMetze MassimoPoesio HendraSetiawan TaroWatanabe DonaldMetzler EliasPonvert BurrSettles AndyWay HaitaoMi SimonePonzetto IzhakShafran AmyWeinberg EinatMinkov Ana-MariaPopescu DouShen DavidWeir ShacharMirkin MariusPopescu KhalilSima’an DanWeld JeffMitchell MajaPopovic´ MichelSimard MichaelWhite VibhuMittal VictorPoznanski DavidSmith RichardWicentowski YusukeMiyao JohnPrager NoahSmith JanWiebe Marie-FrancineMoens RashmiPrasad MatthewSnover JasonWilliams SaifMohammad ParthaPratimTalukdar Swapna ShulyWintner ChristofMonz MatthewPurver Somasundaran ReneWitte TsunMoon SilviaQuarteroni Young-InSong WensiXi RaymondMooney ChrisQuirk AitorSoroa FeiXia RobertMoore StephanRaaijmakers CarolineSporleder DeyiXiong AlessandroMoschitti DanRamage RichardSproat GuXu TonyMullen OwenRambow RohiniSrihari JunXu SmarandaMuresan DelipRao MarkSteedman DenizYuret GabrielMurray AriRappoport AmandaStent RichardZens GabrieleMusillo DeepakRavichandran MarkStevenson DellZhang Sung-HyonMyaeng RoiReichart VeselinStoyanov HaoZhang MikioNakano SebastianRiedel MichaelStrube MinZhang PreslavNakov StefanRiezler EiichiroSumita YueZhang SuNamKim GermanRigau MaosongSun BingZhao AlexisNasr MichaelRiley MihaiSurdeanu MinZhao TetsuyaNasukawa Hae-ChangRim GyrgySzarvas Tie-JunZhao RobertoNavigli LauraRimell StanSzpakowicz MingZhou Mark-JanNederhof BrianRoark IdanSzpektor ShenghuoZhu AniNenkova PaoloRosso HiroyaTakamura ImedZitouni GuntherNeumann Antti-VeikkoRosti DavidTalbot OnnoZoeter HweeTouNg AlexRudnicky JoelTetreault AndreasZollmann VincentNg AnnaRumshisky SimoneTeufel IngridZukerman Table of Contents UnsupervisedSemanticParsing HoifungPoonandPedroDomingos........................................................1 GraphAlignmentforSemi-SupervisedSemanticRoleLabeling HagenFu¨rstenauandMirellaLapata......................................................11 Semi-supervisedSemanticRoleLabelingUsingtheLatentWordsLanguageModel KoenDeschachtandMarie-FrancineMoens...............................................21 Semantic Dependency Parsing of NomBank and PropBank: An Efficient Integrated Approach via a Large-scaleFeatureSelection HaiZhao,WenliangChenandChunyuKit................................................30 First-andSecond-OrderExpectationSemiringswithApplicationstoMinimum-RiskTrainingonTrans- lationForests ZhifeiLiandJasonEisner...............................................................40 FeasibilityofHuman-in-the-loopMinimumErrorRateTraining OmarF.ZaidanandChrisCallison-Burch.................................................52 CubePruningasHeuristicSearch MarkHopkinsandGregLangmead.......................................................62 EffectiveUseofLinguisticandContextualInformationforStatisticalMachineTranslation LibinShen,JinxiXu,BingZhang,SpyrosMatsoukasandRalphWeischedel ................. 72 ActiveLearningbyLabelingFeatures GregoryDruck,BurrSettlesandAndrewMcCallum ....................................... 81 EfficientKernelsforSentencePairClassification FabioMassimoZanzottoandLorenzoDell’Arciprete.......................................91 GraphicalModelsoverMultipleStrings MarkusDreyerandJasonEisner........................................................101 ReverseEngineeringofTreeKernelFeatureSpaces DanielePighinandAlessandroMoschitti ................................................ 111 ARichFeatureVectorforProtein-ProteinInteractionExtractionfromMultipleCorpora MakotoMiwa,RuneSætre,YusukeMiyaoandJun’ichiTsujii ............................. 121 GeneralizedExpectationCriteriaforBootstrappingExtractorsusingRecord-TextAlignment KedarBellareandAndrewMcCallum...................................................131 NestedNamedEntityRecognition JennyRoseFinkelandChristopherD.Manning .......................................... 141 AUnifiedModelofPhrasalandSententialEvidenceforInformationExtraction SiddharthPatwardhanandEllenRiloff...................................................151 ReviewSentimentScoringviaaParse-and-ParaphraseParadigm JingjingLiuandStephanieSeneff.......................................................161 ix SupervisedandUnsupervisedMethodsinEmployingDiscourseRelationsforImprovingOpinionPolar- ityClassification SwapnaSomasundaran,GalileoNamata,JanyceWiebeandLiseGetoor .................... 170 SentimentAnalysisofConditionalSentences RamanathanNarayanan,BingLiuandAlokChoudhary...................................180 SubjectivityWordSenseDisambiguation CemAkkaya,JanyceWiebeandRadaMihalcea..........................................190 Non-ProjectiveParsingforStatisticalMachineTranslation XavierCarrerasandMichaelCollins .................................................... 200 ExtendingStatisticalMachineTranslationwithDiscriminativeandTrigger-BasedLexiconModels ArneMauser,SasˇaHasanandHermannNey.............................................210 Feature-RichTranslationbyQuasi-SynchronousLatticeParsing KevinGimpelandNoahA.Smith.......................................................219 ImprovedWordAlignmentwithStatisticsandLinguisticHeuristics UlfHermjakob........................................................................229 EntityExtractionviaEnsembleSemantics MarcoPennacchiottiandPatrickPantel..................................................238 LabeledLDA:ASupervisedTopicModelforCreditAttributioninMulti-labeledCorpora DanielRamage,DavidHall,RameshNallapatiandChristopherD.Manning.................248 ClusteringtoFindExemplarTermsforKeyphraseExtraction ZhiyuanLiu,PengLi,YabinZhengandMaosongSun .................................... 257 Geo-mining: DiscoveryofRoadandTransportNetworksUsingDirectionalPatterns DmitryDavidovandAriRappoport ..................................................... 267 WikipediaasFrameInformationRepository SaraTonelliandClaudioGiuliano.......................................................276 Fast,Cheap,andCreative: EvaluatingTranslationQualityUsingAmazon’sMechanicalTurk ChrisCallison-Burch .................................................................. 286 HowWellDoesActiveLearningActuallyWork? Time-basedEvaluationofCost-reductionStrategiesfor LanguageDocumentation JasonBaldridgeandAlexisPalmer......................................................296 AutomaticallyEvaluatingContentSelectioninSummarizationwithoutHumanModels AnnieLouisandAniNenkova..........................................................306 ClassifierCombinationforContextualIdiomDetectionWithoutLabelledData LinlinLiandCarolineSporleder........................................................315 Deriving Lexical and Syntactic Expectation-based Measures for Psycholinguistic Modeling via Incre- mentalTop-downParsing BrianRoark,AsafBachrach,CarlosCardenasandChristophePallier.......................324 It’sNotYou,it’sMe: DetectingFlirtinganditsMisperceptioninSpeed-Dates RajeshRanganath,DanJurafskyandDanMcFarland......................................334 x
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