Pro ASP.NET MVC 2 Framework, Second Edition

778 Pages·2010·7.38 MB·English

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Microsoft’s ASP.NET MVC Framework has dramatically shifted .NET web devel-
A
opment into the modern age. It promotes maintainability through clean archi-
tecture and separation of concerns, tight control over HTML and URLs, unit
testability, powerful extensibility, and easy integration with third-party libraries
S
such as jQuery. Now, based on real-world feedback, version 2 of the framework Pro
adds many valuable enhancements for security, scalability, and simplifying data
Steven Sanderson, entry and validation. P
Author of
The original edition of this book was the highest rated and best selling of all
Pro ASP.NET MVC books on ASP.NET MVC, so I was excited by the chance to update it and build on .
Framework ASP.NET MVC 2
that success. My hope is that this new edition will give you the deepest understand- N
ing of everything that ASP.NET MVC 2 offers. You’ll find major new sections about
the framework’s new version 2 features, and the whole book is thoroughly revised
and expanded to account for .NET 4 and the latest best practices. You’ll learn about: E

• The MVC Framework’s powerful facilities, including routing, controllers, filters,
T
views, model metadata, model binding, and validation Framework
• Architecture, including the model-view-controller (MVC) pattern, test-driven
development (TDD), behavior-driven development (BDD), and relevant design
patterns such as dependency injection
M
• Extending and customizing the MVC Framework’s request processing pipeline
• Securing your MVC application and deploying it to Windows Server
• Upgrading from ASP.NET MVC 1, and integrating with or upgrading from
traditional ASP.NET (also known as Web Forms)
V
This book does not assume that you have any existing knowledge of ASP.NET
MVC. It assumes only that you have a working knowledge of C# and some web C
development experience. Enjoy,
Build the most maintainable, standards-compliant, and best

Steven Sanderson performing web applications on the Microsoft platform
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Pro ASP.NET MVC 2
Framework

■ ■ ■
Steven Sanderson

i
Pro ASP.NET MVC 2 Framework
Copyright © 2010 by Steven Sanderson
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To Zoe, who once again loved and supported me throughout this project
iii
Contents at a Glance

■Contents at a Glance........................................................................................................iv(cid:1)
■Contents............................................................................................................................v(cid:1)
■About the Author.............................................................................................................xx(cid:1)
■About the Technical Reviewers......................................................................................xxi(cid:1)
■Acknowledgments.........................................................................................................xxii(cid:1)
■Introduction..................................................................................................................xxiii
Part 1: Introducing ASP.NET MVC 2.....................................................................................1(cid:1)
■Chapter 1: What’s the Big Idea?.......................................................................................3(cid:1)
■Chapter 2: Your First ASP.NET MVC Application.............................................................15(cid:1)
■Chapter 3: Prerequisites.................................................................................................43(cid:1)
■Chapter 4: SportsStore: A Real Application....................................................................91(cid:1)
■Chapter 5: SportsStore: Navigation and Shopping Cart................................................135(cid:1)
■Chapter 6: SportsStore: Administration and Final Enhancements...............................179(cid:1)
Part 2: ASP.NET MVC in Detail.........................................................................................213(cid:1)
■Chapter 7: Overview of ASP.NET MVC Projects..............................................................215(cid:1)
■Chapter 8: URLs and Routing........................................................................................235(cid:1)
■Chapter 9: Controllers and Actions...............................................................................283(cid:1)
■Chapter 10: Controller Extensibility..............................................................................325(cid:1)
■Chapter 11: Views.........................................................................................................373(cid:1)
■Chapter 12: Models and Data Entry..............................................................................409(cid:1)
■Chapter 13: User Interface Techniques........................................................................477(cid:1)
■Chapter 14: Ajax and Client Scripting...........................................................................517(cid:1)
Part 3: Delivering Successful ASP.NET MVC 2 Projects...................................................561(cid:1)
■Chapter 15: Security and Vulnerability.........................................................................563(cid:1)
■Chapter 16: Deployment...............................................................................................585(cid:1)
■Chapter 17: ASP.NET Platform Features.......................................................................619(cid:1)
■Chapter 18: Upgrading and Combining ASP.NET Technologies....................................675(cid:1)
■Index.............................................................................................................................701
iv
Contents

■Contents at a Glance............................................................................................iv(cid:1)
■Contents................................................................................................................v(cid:1)
■About the Author.................................................................................................xx(cid:1)
■About the Technical Reviewers..........................................................................xxi(cid:1)
■Acknowledgments.............................................................................................xxii(cid:1)
■Introduction......................................................................................................xxiii

Part 1: Introducing ASP.NET MVC 2..........................................................................1(cid:1)
■Chapter 1: What’s the Big Idea?............................................................................3(cid:1)
A Brief History of Web Development...............................................................................3(cid:1)
Traditional ASP.NET Web Forms............................................................................................................4(cid:1)
What’s Wrong with ASP.NET Web Forms?.............................................................................................5(cid:1)
Web Development Today................................................................................................6(cid:1)
Web Standards and REST......................................................................................................................6(cid:1)
Agile and Test-Driven Development.......................................................................................................7(cid:1)
Ruby on Rails.........................................................................................................................................7(cid:1)
Key Benefits of ASP.NET MVC.........................................................................................8(cid:1)
MVC Architecture...................................................................................................................................8(cid:1)
Extensibility............................................................................................................................................8(cid:1)
Tight Control over HTML and HTTP........................................................................................................9(cid:1)
Testability...............................................................................................................................................9(cid:1)
Powerful Routing System.....................................................................................................................10(cid:1)
Built on the Best Parts of the ASP.NET Platform..................................................................................10
v
■ CONTENTS
Modern API...........................................................................................................................................11(cid:1)
ASP.NET MVC Is Open Source..............................................................................................................11(cid:1)
Who Should Use ASP.NET MVC?...................................................................................11(cid:1)
Comparisons with ASP.NET Web Forms..............................................................................................11(cid:1)
Comparisons with Ruby on Rails.........................................................................................................12(cid:1)
Comparisons with MonoRail................................................................................................................13(cid:1)
What’s New in ASP.NET MVC 2.....................................................................................13(cid:1)
Summary.......................................................................................................................14(cid:1)
■Chapter 2: Your First ASP.NET MVC Application.................................................15(cid:1)
Preparing Your Workstation..........................................................................................15(cid:1)
Creating a New ASP.NET MVC Project..........................................................................16(cid:1)
Adding the First Controller...................................................................................................................18(cid:1)
How Does It Know to Invoke HomeController?.....................................................................................19(cid:1)
Rendering Web Pages...................................................................................................19(cid:1)
Creating and Rendering a View............................................................................................................19(cid:1)
Adding Dynamic Output.......................................................................................................................22(cid:1)
A Starter Application.....................................................................................................23(cid:1)
The Story..............................................................................................................................................23(cid:1)
Designing a Data Model.......................................................................................................................24(cid:1)
Linking Between Actions......................................................................................................................25(cid:1)
Building a Form....................................................................................................................................29(cid:1)
Handling Form Submissions................................................................................................................32(cid:1)
Adding Validation.................................................................................................................................35(cid:1)
Finishing Off.........................................................................................................................................39(cid:1)
Summary.......................................................................................................................41(cid:1)
■Chapter 3: Prerequisites.....................................................................................43(cid:1)
Understanding MVC Architecture..................................................................................43(cid:1)
The Smart UI (Anti-Pattern)..................................................................................................................44(cid:1)
Separating Out the Domain Model.......................................................................................................45(cid:1)
vi
■ CONTENTS
Three-Tier Architecture........................................................................................................................46(cid:1)
MVC Architecture.................................................................................................................................47(cid:1)
Variations on MVC................................................................................................................................49(cid:1)
Domain Modeling..........................................................................................................50(cid:1)
An Example Domain Model..................................................................................................................51(cid:1)
Ubiquitous Language...........................................................................................................................52(cid:1)
Aggregates and Simplification.............................................................................................................52(cid:1)
Keeping Data Access Code in Repositories..........................................................................................54(cid:1)
Using LINQ to SQL................................................................................................................................55(cid:1)
Building Loosely Coupled Components.........................................................................61(cid:1)
Taking a Balanced Approach...............................................................................................................62(cid:1)
Using Dependency Injection.................................................................................................................62(cid:1)
Using a DI Container.............................................................................................................................64(cid:1)
Getting Started with Automated Testing.......................................................................66(cid:1)
Understanding Unit Testing..................................................................................................................67(cid:1)
Understanding Integration Testing.......................................................................................................73(cid:1)
C# 3 Language Features...............................................................................................78(cid:1)
The Design Goal: Language-Integrated Query.....................................................................................78(cid:1)
Extension Methods...............................................................................................................................79(cid:1)
Lambda Methods.................................................................................................................................80(cid:1)
Generic Type Inference........................................................................................................................81(cid:1)
Automatic Properties...........................................................................................................................81(cid:1)
Object and Collection Initializers..........................................................................................................82(cid:1)
Type Inference.....................................................................................................................................82(cid:1)
Anonymous Types................................................................................................................................83(cid:1)
Using LINQ to Objects...........................................................................................................................85(cid:1)
Lambda Expressions............................................................................................................................86(cid:1)
IQueryable<T> and LINQ to SQL..........................................................................................................87(cid:1)
Summary.......................................................................................................................89(cid:1)
■Chapter 4: SportsStore: A Real Application.........................................................91(cid:1)
vii
■ CONTENTS
Getting Started..............................................................................................................93(cid:1)
Creating Your Solutions and Projects...................................................................................................93(cid:1)
Starting Your Domain Model.........................................................................................96(cid:1)
Creating an Abstract Repository..........................................................................................................97(cid:1)
Making a Fake Repository....................................................................................................................98(cid:1)
Displaying a List of Products........................................................................................98(cid:1)
Adding the First Controller...................................................................................................................99(cid:1)
Setting Up the Default Route..............................................................................................................100(cid:1)
Adding the First View.........................................................................................................................101(cid:1)
Connecting to a Database...........................................................................................104(cid:1)
Defining the Database Schema..........................................................................................................104(cid:1)
Setting Up LINQ to SQL.......................................................................................................................107(cid:1)
Creating a Real Repository.................................................................................................................107(cid:1)
Setting Up DI...............................................................................................................109(cid:1)
Creating a Custom Controller Factory................................................................................................109(cid:1)
Using Your DI Container.....................................................................................................................110(cid:1)
Creating Unit Tests......................................................................................................113(cid:1)
Configuring a Custom URL Schema............................................................................118(cid:1)
Assigning a Default Parameter Value.................................................................................................119(cid:1)
Displaying Page Links........................................................................................................................120(cid:1)
Improving the URLs............................................................................................................................128(cid:1)
Styling It Up.................................................................................................................129(cid:1)
Defining Page Layout in the Master Page..........................................................................................129(cid:1)
Adding CSS Rules...............................................................................................................................130(cid:1)
Creating a Partial View.......................................................................................................................132(cid:1)
Summary.....................................................................................................................134(cid:1)
■Chapter 5: SportsStore: Navigation and Shopping Cart....................................135(cid:1)
Adding Navigation Controls.........................................................................................135(cid:1)
Filtering the Product List....................................................................................................................135(cid:1)
viii