PRINT AND SPECIFICATIONS READING FOR CONSTRUCTION ffffiirrss..iinndddd ii 1111//1100//1111 1122::0099 PPMM PRINT AND SPECIFICATIONS READING FOR CONSTRUCTION RON RUSSELL John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ffffiirrss..iinndddd iiiiii 1111//1100//1111 1122::0099 PPMM This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. 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ISBN 978-0-470-87941-2 (cloth/loose-leaf); 978-1-118-10018-9 (ebk.); 978-1-118-10033-2 (ebk); 978-1-118-11298-4 (ebk.); 978-1-118-11299-1 (ebk.); 978-1-118-11300-4 (ebk.) 1. Building—Details—Drawings. 2. Buildings—Specifi cations. 3. Blueprints. I. Title. TH431.R87 2012 692'.1—dc22 2011010958 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ffffiirrss..iinndddd iivv 1111//1100//1111 1122::0099 PPMM To my family for unquestioning support; To Bob Graham Sr., Facilities Solutions Group, for leadership and the defi nition of quality; To Roger Wilson, for practical applications and friendship; And to my friends at PBK Architects for their support in drawings and illustrations. ffffiirrss..iinndddd vv 1111//1100//1111 1122::0099 PPMM CONTENTS Introduction xi SECTION I THE PROJECT PROCESS 1 CHAPTER 1 Evolution of the Construction Project 3 The Construction Phases 3 The Construction Project Team Members 13 The Construction Team Relationships 16 Summary 18 Chapter 1 Learning Outcomes 19 Chapter 1 Questions 19 CHAPTER 2 Construction Project Contract Documents 21 Agreements between the Primary Team Members 21 Project Defi nition Documents 22 Summary 29 Chapter 2 Learning Outcomes 29 Chapter 2 Questions 30 CHAPTER 3 Working Drawings 31 The Drawing Structure 31 The Drawing Elements 40 Drawing Scales and Dimensions 52 Summary 57 Chapter 3 Learning Outcomes 57 Chapter 3 Questions 58 vii ffttoocc..iinndddd vviiii 1111//1100//1111 1122::1111 PPMM viii | CONTENTS CHAPTER 4 Specifi cations 59 Specifi cation Users 59 The Specifi cations Structure 60 Information in the Specifi cations 73 Summary 75 Chapter 4 Learning Outcomes 76 Chapter 4 Questions 76 CHAPTER 5 Finding Construction Information in the Working Drawings and Specifi cations 77 Document Structure Review 77 First Look at the Working Drawings and Specifi cations 80 Finding Construction Information in the Working Drawings and Specifi cations 82 Summary 85 Chapter 5 Learning Outcomes 85 Chapter 5 Questions 85 SECTION II BUILDING THE PROJECT 87 CHAPTER 6 Architectural Category of the Drawings 89 Division 1, “General Requirements” 89 Division 4, “Masonry” 91 Division 5, “Metals” 93 Division 6, “Woods, Plastics, and Composites” 95 Division 7, “Thermal and Moisture Protection” 97 Division 8, “Opening” 104 Division 9, “Finishes” 112 Division 10, “Specialties” 125 Divisions 11 and 12, “Equipment” and “Furnishings” 125 Division 14, “Conveying Equipment” 125 Summary 129 CHAPTER 7 Structural Category of the Drawings 131 Division 3, “Concrete” 133 Division 4, “Masonry” 138 Division 5, “Metals” 141 Division 6, “Woods, Plastics, and Composites” 150 Summary 153 CHAPTER 8 Mechanical Category of the Drawings 157 HVAC Systems 158 Summary 170 ffttoocc..iinndddd vviiiiii 1111//1100//1111 1122::1111 PPMM CONTENTS | ix CHAPTER 9 Electrical Category of the Drawings 171 Main Power Distribution 172 Secondary Level of Power Distribution 176 Lighting Electrical Distribution Systems 181 Summary 183 CHAPTER 10 Plumbing Category of the Drawings 185 Supply Piping Systems 185 Plumbing Collection Systems 195 Summary 199 CHAPTER 11 Civil/Sitework Category of the Drawings 201 Civil Drawings 201 Architects Site Plans 212 MEP Drawings 212 Summary 215 Glossary 217 Index 225 ffttoocc..iinndddd iixx 1111//1100//1111 1122::1111 PPMM INTRODUCTION This book is written to teach students with minimal exposure to the con- struction process how to fi nd the design information in the drawings and specifi cations needed to work on a construction project. It is focused on the student learning about the development and use of these documents. This book is not about teaching the student construction or drafting, which is beyond our scope. The book has two distinct sections. Section I is about teaching the basic information needed to understand the documents and how to read them. Section II is practical application of the information learned in Section I. Section I is focused on giving the student a history of the drawings and specifi cations for a commercial construction project, and how they are developed for each project. This information sets the tone for the stu- dents’ understanding of how they evolved and how they are used in the commercial construction process today. Section I then explains the struc- ture of the documents and how to read them to fi nd information. Quizzes and tests can be developed from the listed learning outcomes at the end of each unit. Section II is focused on each category of the drawings and explicitly details what information is contained in each, and which divisions in the specifi cations pertain to that category. It is intended that Section II be used with a set of drawings and specifi cations along with a question- naire, or list of questions for each category. This list of questions would be developed from a set of drawings and specifi cations for a commercial construction project from the local community and would require the stu- dent to acquire the answers from the documents much as they would in a construction environment for developing bids or solving fi eld problems. xi cciinnttrroo..iinndddd xxii 1100//1100//1111 22::5588 PPMM xii | INTRODUCTION A questionnaire would be developed for each category of drawings, as many questions as required to ensure student mastery of the information contained in a particular category and mastery of the process of using the documents structures to fi nd information. Instead of providing the drawings, specifi cations, and questionnaires, it is recommended that the drawings and specifi cations for a local commercial construction project be used so that the student could actually visit the site and see the com- pleted construction project as a learning aid. The questionnaires would be developed as requests for information from these documents, requiring the students to utilize their knowledge to fi nd the answers as the desired learning outcome for each unit at www.wiley.com/go/printspecreading. The book is structured to give the student three-point exposure to the information in each unit. The fi rst point of exposure is having the student read the book. The second point of exposure is the students’ hearing the lecture on the information they have read. The third point of exposure is practical application with the quizzes, tests, and questionnaires. This three-point exposure process of reading the text, hearing the lecture, and practical application ensures that the student has maximum opportunity to absorb the information and to be successful in reading the drawings and specifi cations on any commercial construction project. cciinnttrroo..iinndddd xxiiii 1100//1100//1111 22::5588 PPMM
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