Principles of Unit Operations PDF
Preview Principles of Unit Operations
This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. https://books.google.com Principles of Unit Operations BERKELEY LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Principles of Unit Operations New York John Wiley & Sons, Inc. London Alan S. Foust Leonard A. Wenzel Curtis W. Clump Louis Maus L. Bryce Andersen Department of Chemical Engineering Lehigh University Bethlehem, Pennsylvania Principles of Unit Operations CORRECTED SECOND PRINTING Copyright © 1960 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. LOAN STACK CORRECTED SECOND PRINTING, JULY, 1962 All Rights Reserved. This book or any part thereof must not be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 60–6454 Printed in the United States of America Adal TP155 F67 Preface The treatment of unit operations given in this book emphasizes the scientific principles upon which the operations are based, and groups those with similar physical bases so that they may be considered together. The development usually begins with an analysis of the physical behavior of a system and the establishment of a simplified physical model. A basic mathematical relation is written using the model and is solved. The resulting general expression is then applied to the specific unit operations. In order to maintain a clarity of presentation at an elementary level, refinements of the physical models and the resulting elaborate mathematics necessary for rigorous treatment of complex situations are generally omitted, and, in order to emphasize underlying similarities among the various unit operations, descriptions of equipment and specialized calculation methods are condensed. However, since visualization of equipment helps to add significance to the theoretical treatment and since the young engineer should be familiar with major equipment types, the important pieces of processing equipment are shown in line drawings and photographs and are discussed briefly. The more important of the specialized calculation methods necessary for process design are considered after the underlying principles have been fully developed. The traditional concept of unit operations has been a major factor in the phenomenal success of chemical engineers and chemical engineering in the last fifty years. We believe that the unification presented here is the next logical step in the evolution of the concept of unit operations. This treatment is offered in the belief that it is more efficient in teaching, more economical in time, more adequate in its presentation of the fundamentals, and more effective in training toward the definition and solution of broad problems in chemical processing. This book should serve as a basis for advanced work in the more specialized theory and practice ofthe individual unit operations. The engineer educated in this approach may not be as immediately adept in the manipulation of a given specialized pro cedure of calculation, but he should be firmer in his understanding of the funda mental principles, more aware of the similarities among many of the unit opera tions, and more flexible and original in his solution of new processing problems. In short, he should be more readily adaptable to change and progress. The continuing rapid extensions of knowledge of unit operations has created a serious problem in the coverage of this information within the time properly allotted in an undergraduate program. The increasing number of process steps that might be included as unit operations and the breadth of their applicability dictate that instruction be systematized and be made more adaptable to newer operations. This treatment, with its unification of the principles of similar operations, makes it possible to maintain a realistic balance between the unit operations and other vital facets of chemical engineering education. Many of the formalized calculations that have occupied chemical engineers in the past will very shortly be done by electronic computers. Multicomponent distillation calculations and multiple-effectevaporatorcalculations already have been 264
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