Principles of Regenerative Medicine PDF
Preview Principles of Regenerative Medicine
Preface The textbook Principles of Regenerative Medicinehas been created to be the primary resource for scientists,clinicians,teachers,students,and the public at large in the area ofregenerative medicine.I am hon- ored to have had the opportunity to edit the first edition with our co-editors,Robert Lanza,Robert Nerem, and Jamie Thompson.The contributions ofthe editors and editorial board cannot be overestimated.We are indebted to their vision,and the strong foundation they have created,upon which the current text is built. The specialty of regenerative medicine continues to grow and change rapidly. There have been major areas ofadvances in just the last few years.The field now encompasses multiple areas ofscientific inquiry,each complex,but together,a powerful combination of technologies such as stem cells,genetic reprogramming, nuclear transfer,cloning,genomics,proteomics,nanotechnology,and tissue engineering.We are on the verge ofan era oftranslation ofbenchside discoveries to clinical therapies.We hope that this book will enlighten all ofthese areas,and supply guidance where it is needed most. The textbook was organized in a manner which builds upon the basic science ofthe field,and goes for- ward to possible clinical applications and clinical utility.The textbook is organized into seven major areas, starting with an Introduction to Regenerative Medicine that encompasses some of the fundamentals of the field.The Biologic and Molecular Basis ofRegenerative Medicine covers the molecular,mechanistic and pheno- typic aspects of cells and cloning.The third section,Cells and Tissue Development,deals with the various types of cells and determinants of tissue formation.A section is dedicated to the area of biomaterials,espe- cially as it pertains to tissue engineering.The fifth and sixth sections cover the topics oftherapeutic applica- tions, and deal with cell and tissue therapy, respectively. The last section of the book is dedicated to the regulatory and ethical aspects of the field.This area is becoming increasingly more important as the nexus between science,safety,and ethics is constantly changing.The authors have been tasked with enlightening the reader with the scientific efforts that are likely to impact the future ofthe field.We are indebted to our authors who graciously accepted their assignments,and who have infused the text with their energetic contributions. We are especially indebted to our publisher,Academic Press,without whose trust and guidance this work would not have begun;and our developmental editor,Melissa Turner,without whose hard work it would not have been finished. Anthony Atala,M.D. For the Editors xiii List of Contributors Jon D.Ahlstrom Stephen F.Badylak* Department ofMolecular and Cellular Biology McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine University ofCalifornia at Davis University ofPittsburgh Taby Ahsan Ashok Batra Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Office ofCellular,Tissue and Gene Therapies Bioscience Center for Biologics Evaluations and Research Georgia Institute ofTechnology M.Douglas Baumann Julie Allickson* Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry Vice President Laboratory Operations,Research & University ofToronto Development Ravi V.Bellamkonda* Cryo-Cell International,Inc. Professor ofBiomedical Engineering Alejandro J.Almarza Neurological Biomaterials and Therapeutics Research Assistant Professor Wallace H Coulter Department ofBiomedical Musculoskeletal Research Center Engineering Department ofBioengineering Georgia Institute ofTechnology/Emory University University ofPittsburgh Atlanta James M.Anderson* Nicole M.Bergman Department ofPathology Department ofBioengineering University Hospitals ofCleveland Rice University Z.Beyhan Peter Andrews* Cellular Reprogramming Laboratory Department ofBiomedical Science Michigan State University University ofSheffield Western Bank Mickie Bhatia* Sheffield,Great Britain Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute (SCC-RI) Michael G.DeGroote School ofMedicine, Hadi Aslan McMaster University Hebrew University – Hadassah Medical Center Canada Hebrew University Center for Converging Sciences & Technologies Sangeeta N.Bhatia Skeletal Biotechnology Lab Division ofMedicine Brigham & Women’s Hospital Anthony Atala* W.B.Boyce Professor and Director, Peter M.Black Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Harvard Medical School Wake Forest School ofMedicine,Winston-Salem, Department ofNeurosurgery and Physical North Carolina,USA Medicine & Rehabilitation xv xvi LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Helen Blau* George J.Christ* Donald E.and Delia B.Baxter Professor Professor ofRegenerative Medicine, Director,Baxter Laboratory in Genetic Pharmacology Urology and Physiology & Member, Stanford University School ofMedicine Molecular Medicine Program and Virginia Department ofMicrobiology and Immunology Tech-Wake Forest University Clinical Sciences Research Center School ofBiomedical Engineering and Sciences CA,USA Head ofthe Cell,Tissue & Organ Physiology Program Scott D.Boden Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Professor ofOrthopaedic Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center Surgery Director,Emory Orthopaedics & NC,USA Spine Center Seyung Chung Eric M.Brey Childrens Hospital Los Angeles Department ofResearch University ofSouthern California Keck School of Hines V.A.Hospital Medicine Ali H.Brivanlou* J.B.Cibelli* Professor and Head ofthe Laboratory ofMolecular Cellular Reprogramming Laboratory Vertebrate Embryology,Rockerfeller University Michigan State University Massimo Cimini Chris R.Brown MaRS Center The Emory Spine Center Toronto Medical Discover Tower Scott P.Bruder Paolo De Coppi* DePuy Spine,Inc.,a Johnson & Johnson Company Department ofGeneral Paediatric Surgery Great Ormond Street Hospital and Institute of S.M.Chambers Child Health Center for Cell & Gene Therapy Baylor College ofMedicine Mahesh C.Dodla Georgia Institute ofTechnology Christopher S.Chen* University ofPennsylvania Juan Dominguez-Bendala Translational Research Labs University ofMiami Leonard M.Miller School ofMedicine LiHow Chen Pancreatic Development & Stem Cell Laboratory GTC Biotherapeutics Diabetes Research Institute Mike Chen* AM Doyle Department ofSurgery Georgia Institute ofTechnology University ofFlorida Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Sulin Chen Department ofBiomedical Engineering Charles N.Durfor Johns Hopkins School ofMedicine Center for Devices and Radiological Health N.Cheng Yann Echelard UNC School ofMedicine GTC Biotherapeutics List of Contributors xvii Rita B.Effros* Andres Garcia* Department ofPathology & Laboratory Medicine Associate Professor David Geffen School ofMedicine at UCLA WoodruffFaculty Fellow WoodruffSchool ofMechanical Engineering Jennifer Elisseeff* Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Department ofBiomedical Engineering Georgia Institute ofTechnology Johns Hopkins University William Gavin Ewa C.S.Ellis GTC Biotherapeutics Department ofPathology University ofPittsburgh Daniel Gazit* Juliet A.Emamaullee Hebrew University – Hadassah Medical Center University ofAlberta Hebrew University Center for Converging Sciences & Technologies Carol A.Erickson* Skeletal Biotechnology Lab Department ofMolecular and Cellular Biology International Stem Cell Institute – Department of University ofCalifornia at Davis Surgery Cedars Sinai Medical Center Roger De Filippo* Los Angeles,CA Childrens Hospital Los Angeles Division ofUrology Zulma Gazit Hebrew University – Hadassah Medical Center Donald Fink Hebrew University Office ofCellular,Tissue and Gene Therapies Center for Converging Sciences & Technologies Center for Biologics Evaluations and Research Skeletal Biotechnology Lab William H.Fissell University ofMichigan Medical School, Christopher S.Gemmiti Department ofInternal Medicine Georgia Institute ofTechnology Gary E.Friedlaender Jörg C.Gerlach* Department ofOrthopaedic Surgery McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Yale University School ofMedicine Bridgeside Point Boulevard University ofPittsburgh Mark E.Furth Department ofUrology Paul J.Gokhale Wake Forest University University ofSheffield Institute for Animal Breeding (FAL) Yossi Gafni Hebrew University – Hadassah Medical Center M.A.Goodell* Hebrew University Center for Cell & Gene Therapy Center for Converging Sciences & Technologies Baylor College ofMedicine Skeletal Biotechnology Lab Keneth Gage May Griffith McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University ofOttawa Eye Institute University ofPittsburgh Ottawa Hospital-General Campus xviii LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Louis M.Guenin Chantal E.Holy* Department ofMicrobiology and Molecular Director ofScientific Affairs DePuy Spine 325 Genetics Paramount Drive Raynham,MA,USA Harvard Medical School Mariah Hout Stefano Giuliani McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Division ofUrology,Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, University ofPittsburgh Saban Research Institute,Keck School ofMedicine, University ofSouthern California Jiang Hu Department ofBiologic and Materials Sciences Robert E.Guldberg* University ofMichigan Professor,Associate Director,Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience George T.-J.Huang School ofMechanical Engineering Division ofEndodontics Georgia Institute ofTechnology Baltimore College ofDental Surgery University ofMarlyand M.C.Hacker Rice University Johnny Huard* Laboratory ofBiomedical Engineering The Growth and Development Lab, Benjamin S.Harrison* Childrens Hospital ofPittsburgh Wake Forest University School ofMedicine Elliot E.Hui Bernd Hartmann Harvard – M.I.T.Division ofHealth Sciences Burn Center and Biology Unfalkrankenhaus Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Stephen H.Hilbert H.David Humes* Center for Devices and Radiological Health University ofMichigan Medical School, Department ofInternal Medicine Alexander Hillel Department ofOtolaryngology – Head & Marcos Intaglietta Neck Surgery Department ofBioengineering Johns Hopkins University School ofMedicine University ofCalifornia San Diego MD,USA Junfeng Ji Jason Hipp* McMaster Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Research Department ofUrology and Regenerative Medicine Institute Wake Forest University McMaster University Col.J.B.Holcomb U.S.Army Institute ofSurgical Research Yueha Jiang Stem Cell Institute Jeffrey O.Hollinger* University ofMinnesota Professor ofBiomedical Engineering and Biological Sciences Christa Johnen Director,Bone Tissue Engineering Center Charite-Campus Virchow Carnegie Mellon University Humboldt University List of Contributors xix Josephine Johnston* Yash Kolambkar Associate for Law and Bioethics Graduate Research Assistant Director ofResearch Operations Department ofBiomedical Engineering The Hastings Center,New York Georgia Tech/Emory Center for the Engineering of Living Tissues Akira Joraku Department ofRegenerative Medicine, Chester J.Koh Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles Winston Salem University ofSouthern California Keck School of Medicine David L.Kaplan* Department ofBiomedical Engineering Makoto Komura Tufts University The Department ofPediatric Surgery Tokyo University Hospital David S.Kaplan Douglas Kondziolka Center for Devices and Radiological Health University ofPittsburgh Gilson Khang Neurological Surgery Department ofPolymer NanoScience and Deniz Konya Technology Department ofNeurosurgery and Physical Chonbuk National University Medicine & Rehabilitation Rehan N.Khanzada Harvard Medical School Sr.Process Development Engineer Wilfried A.Kues Johnson & Johnson Regenerative Therapeutics,LLC Department ofBiotechnology Institute for Animal Breeding (FAL) Soon Hee Kim Department ofPolymer NanoScience and Technology Francois Ng kee Kwong Chonbuk National University Tissue Engineering,VA Boston Healthcare System Moon Suk Kim Deepak Lamba Nanobiomaterials Laboratory Department ofBiological Structure,School Korea Research Institutes ofChemical Technology ofMedicine University ofWashington Nadav Kimelman Hebrew University – Hadassah Medical Center Hai Bang Lee* Hebrew University Nanobiomaterials Laboratory Center for Converging Sciences & Technologies Korea Research Institutes ofChemical Technology Skeletal Biotechnology Lab Hyukjin Lee Irina Klimanskaya* Department ofBiological Sciences Advanced Cell Technology Korea Advances Institute ofScience and Biotech Five Technology Jonathan A.Kluge Gary G.Leisk Department ofBiomedical Engineering Department ofBiomedical Engineering Tufts University Tufts University xx LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Kam W.Leong* Peter X.Ma* James B.Duke Professor ofBiomedical Professor, Engineering,Director ofthe Bioengineering Fellow,American Institute for Medical and Initiative,UK Biological Engineering Department ofBiologic and Materials Sciences Ariel J.Levine Department ofBiomedical Engineering Rockerfeller University Macromolecular Science and Engineering Center The University ofMichigan Ren Ke Li* MaRS Center Ellen Maher Toronto Medical Discover Tower Office ofCellular,Tissue and Gene Therapies Wan-Ju Li Center for Biologics Evaluations and Research Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch Manuela Martins-Green* National Institute ofArthritis Department ofCell Biology and Neuroscience Grace J.Lim* University ofCalifornia Medical Research Institute Department ofMedical and Biological Engineering Randall E.McClelland* Kyungpook National University School of University ofNorth Carolina School ofMedicine Medicine,South Korea Richard McFarland Yan Lin Office ofCellular,Tissue and Gene Therapies The Forsyth Institute Center for Biologics Evaluations and Research William J.Lindblad* Larry V.McIntire* Department ofPharmaceutical Sciences The Wallace H.Coulter Chair and Professor Massachusetts College ofPharmacy & Health Sciences Department ofBiomedical Engineering Wendy F.Liu Georgia Tech University ofPennsylvania Translational Research Labs Harry Meade* Senior Vice President Xiaohua Liu Research and Development Department ofBiologic and Materials Sciences GTC Biotherapeutics University ofMichigan David L.Melican Andrea Lucas-Hahn GTC Biotherapeutics Department ofBiotechnology Institute for Animal Breeding (FAL) A.G.Mikos* Rice University Aernout Luttun Laboratory ofBiomedical Engineering Department ofMedicine Stem Cell Institute Fernando Ulloa Montoya University ofMinnesota Department ofMedicine Samuel Lynch Stem Cell Institute BioMimetic Therapeutics Inc. University ofMinnesota List of Contributors xxi Robert M.Nerem* Antonello Pileggi Georgia Institute ofTechnology Research Assistant,Professor ofSurgery Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Cell Transplant Center & Clinical Islet Bioscience Transplant Program Diabetes Research Institute Heiner Niemann* Division ofCellular Transplantation Department ofBiotechnology DeWitt Daughtry Department ofSurgery Institute for Animal Breeding (FAL) University ofMiami Miller School ofMedicine Aparna Nori Jason H.Pomerantz Department ofBiomedical Engineering Baxter Laboratory in Genetic Pharmacology Johns Hopkins School ofMedicine Stanford University School ofMedicine Patrea L.Pabst* Blaise Porter Pabst Patent Group LLP Georgia Institute ofTechnology Kook In Park Milica Radisic Department ofPediatrics and Brain Assistant Professor Korea 21 Project for Medical Science Institute ofBiomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Yonsie University College ofMedicine Department ofChemical Engineering and Applied Tae Gwan Park* Chemistry Heart & Stroke/Richard Lewar Centre of Department ofBiological Sciences Excellence Korea Advances Institute ofScience and Technology University ofToronto David P.Patterson Buddy D.Ratner* Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch Director,University ofWashington Engineered National Institute ofArthritis Biomaterials (UWEB) Michael L.and Myrna Darland Endowed Chair in Karen Pauwelyn Technology Commercialization Stem Cell Institute Professor ofBioengineering and Chemical Katholike Universiteit Engineering Leuven University ofWashington Gadi Pelled A.Hari Reddi* Hebrew University – Hadassah Medical Center Professor and Lawrence J.Ellison Chair Hebrew University University ofCalifornia,Davis Sacramento, Center for Converging Sciences & Technologies CA,USA Skeletal Biotechnology Lab Laura Perin Thomas A.Reh* Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Professor ofBiological Structure Wake Forest University School ofMedicine Health Sciences Center University ofWashington Medical Center Boulevard School ofMedicine Winston-Salem Lola M.Reid* M.Petreaca University ofNorth Carolina School ofMedicine Department ofCell Biology and Neuroscience Cell and Molecular Physiology & Biomedical University ofCalifornia Engineering xxii LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Camillo Ricordi* Heather Sheardown* Diabetes Research Institute (R-134) Associate Professor Miller School ofMedicine Department ofChemical Engineering University ofMiami McMaster University JeffRoss Molly S.Shoichet* Stem Cell Institute Professor,Chemical Engineering and Applied University ofMinnesota Medical School Chemistry Director,Undergraduate Collaborative Alan J.Russell* Bioengineering, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine Canada Research Chair in Tissue Engineering University ofPittsburgh University ofToronto Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Filipe N.C.Santos Biomolecular Research Depts.OfNeurosurgery and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Harvard Medical School M.Minhaj Siddiqui Massachusetts General Hospital John P.Schmitz San Pedro Facial Surgery Richard L.Sidman Department ofNeurology Gunter Schuch Beth Israel-eaconess Medical Center Wake Forest University School ofMedicine Harvard Medical School Institute for Regenerative Medicine Ronald Silverman Sargis Sedrakyan Department ofBiomedical Engineering Department ofUrology Children’s Hospital Johns Hopkins University Los Angeles Keck School ofMedicine Daniel Skuk University ofSouthern California Human Genetic Unit Centre de Recherche du CHUL Michael V.Sefton* University Professor Evan Snyder* Institute ofBiomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, The Burnham Institute Michael E.Charles Professor,Department of Shay Soker* Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry Associate Professor ofRegenerative Medicine and University ofToronto Surgical Sciences Marta Serafini Head,Molecular and Cell Biology Stem Cell Institute, Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Department ofMedicine Wake Forest University School ofMedicine University ofMinnesota Medical School Myron Spector* Paulesh Shah Tissue Engineering,VA Boston Healthcare System Department ofBiomedical Engineering David L.Stocum* Johns Hopkins University Center for Regenerative Biolog and Medicine A.M.James Shapiro Indiana University-Purdue University University ofAlberta Indianapolis List of Contributors xxiii Stephen C.Strom* Deborah Vavoie Department ofPathology Office ofCellular,Tissue and Gene Therapies University ofPittsburgh Center for Biologics Evaluations and Research Doris A.Taylor* Catherine Verfaillie* Bakken Professor Professor ofMedicine Director,Center for Cardiovascular Repair Director,Stamcelinstituut,K U Leuven University ofMinnesota Onderwijs & Navorsing 1Herestraat 49,bus 80343000 Yang D.Teng* Leuven Associate Professor,Harvard Medical School Director,Lab ofSpinal Cord Injury & Neural Stem F.Jerry Volenec Cell Biology DuPuy Spine Neosurgery & PM&R,HMS/BWH/SRH Sara Wargo James Thomson McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine Department ofAnatomy Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center Joseph W.Warnwath Department ofBiotechnology Robert T.Tranquillo* Department ofBiomedical Engineering Lawrence Wechsler University ofMinnesota University ofPittsburgh Jacques P.Tremblay* Shen Wei Human Genetic Unit The Growth and Development Lab, Centre de Recherche du CHUL Childrens Hospital ofPittsburgh Amy Tsai Richard D.Weisel Department ofBioengineering MaRS Center University ofCalifornia San Diego Toronto Medical Discover Tower Rocky S.Tuan* Jennifer L.West* Chief,Cartilage Biology and Orthopaedics Branch Rice University National Institute ofArthritis,and Department ofBioengineering Musculoskeletal & Skin Diseases National Institute ofHealth Chrysanthi Williams MD,USA Bose Corporation ElectroForce Systems Group Ross S.Tubo* Senior Director, J.Koudy Williams Stem Cell Biology,Genzyme Corp. Wake Forest University School ofMedicine Institute for Regenerative Medicine Mark Van Dyke* The Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Celia Witten* Medicine Office ofCellular,Tissue and Gene Therapies Wake Forest University School ofMedicine Center for Biologics Evaluations and Research
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