Principles of naval engineering

676 Pages·1970·34.997 MB·English

by  Bureau of Naval Personnel

OF
PRINCIPLES
NAVAL
ENGINEERING
Prepared by
BUREAU OF NAVAL PERSONNEL
NAVPERS 10788-B

PREFACE
This text provides an introductiontothetheoryand design of engineer-
ing machinery and equipment aboard ship. Primary emphasis is placed
on helping the student acquire an overall view of shipboard engineering
plants and an understanding of basic theoretical considerations that
underlie the design of machinery and equipment. Details of operation,
maintenance, and repair are not included in this text.
The text is divided into five major parts. Part I deals with the devel-
opment of naval ships, shipdesignandconstruction, stability and buoyancy
of ships, and preventive and correctivedamage control. Certain theoreti-
cal considerations that apply to virtually all engineering equipment are
discussed in part II. Part III takes upthe major units of machinery in the
main propulsion cycle of the widely used steam turbine propulsion plant.
Auxiliary machinery and equipment are discussed in part IV. Other types
of propulsion machinery, togetherwithabriefsurvey of new developments
in naval engineering, are considered in part V. In addition to these five
major parts, the text includes an appendix which surveys and briefly
describes a number of references that should be of value to engineering
officers.
This text was prepared by the Training Publications Division, Naval
Personnel Program Support Activity, Washington, D. C, for the Bureau
of Naval Personnel. Review of the manuscript and technical assistance
were provided by Officer Candidate School at Newport, Rhode Island;
Naval Development and Training Center, San Diego, California; Service
School Command, GreatLakes, Illinois; andNaval ShipSystems Command.
First edition 1958
Revised 1966, 1970
Stock Ordering No.
0502-LP-053-9400
ForsalebytheSuperintendentofDocuments, U.S. GovernmentPrintingOffice
Washington,D.C.20402
StockNo.008-047-00127-4/CatalogNo.D208.112/:EN3/2/970.
ii
CONTENTS
Page
PART THE NAVAL SHIP
I 1
Chapter 1 The Development of Naval Ships 3
Chapter 2 Ship Design and Construction 15
Chapter 3 Stability and Buoyancy 34
Chapter 4 Preventive and Corrective Damage Con-
trol 61
PART BASIC ENGINEERING THEORY 83
II
Chapter 5 Fundamentals of Ship Propulsion
and Steering 85
Chapter 6 Theory of Lubrication 112
Chapter 7 Principles of Measurement 119
Chapter 8 Introduction to Thermodynamics 157
PART ni THE CONVENTIONAL STEAM TURBINE
PROPULSION PLANT
191
Chapter 9 Machinery Arrangement and
Plant Layout I93
Chapter 10 Propulsion Boilers 230
Chapter 11 Boiler Fittings and Controls 276
Chapter 12 Propulsion Steam Turbines 319
Chapter 13 Condensers and Other Heat Exchangers 343
.
PART IV AUXILIARY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT 361
Chapter 14 Piping, Fittings, and Valves 363
Chapter 15 Pumps and Forced Draft Blowers 391
Chapter 16 Auxiliary Steam Turbines 422
Chapter 17 Compressed Air Plants 437
Chapter 18 Distilling Plants 450
Chapter 19 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
Plants 471
Chapter 20 Shipboard Electrical Systems 492
Chapter 21 Other Auxiliary Equipment 520
PART V OTHER TYPES OF PROPULSION PLANTS 541
Chapter 22 Diesel and Gasoline Engines 543
Chapter 23 Gas Turbines 595
Chapter 24 Nuclear Power Plants 614
Chapter 25 New Developments in Naval
Engineering 628
INDEX 654
111
CREDITS
The illustrations indicated below are included in this edition of Prin-
ciples of Naval Engineering through the courtesy of the designated
publishers, companies, and associations. Permission to reproduce these
illustrations must be obtained from the original sources.
Source Figures
American Engineering Co.
PRINCIPLES OF NAVAL ENGINEERING
Source Figures
Naval Auxiliary Machinery (Cont'd) 14-20, 14-27, 14-29
15-20, 17-5, 21-5,
21-6
Naval Boilers 11-15, 11-17
Naval Turbines 12-6, 12-7, 12-9,
12-10,12-11,12-12,
12-13, 12-14, 12-15,
12-18,12-20,12-21,
16-1, 16-2, 16-3,
16-4, 16-5, 16-6
Velan Engineering Companies 14-8
Westinghouse ElectricCorp. 15-32, 15-33, 15-34,
15-36, 24-7, 24-8,
24-9, 24-10,24-11

PART l-THE NAVAL SHIP
Chapter 1 The Development of Naval Ships
Chapter 2 Ship Design and Construction
Chapter 3 Stability and Buoyancy
Chapter 4 Preventive and Corrective Damage Control
The four chapters included in this part of the text deal primarily with
the ship as a whole, rather than withspecific items of engineering equip-
ment. Most of the information given in this part applies to naval ships in
general, without regard to the type of ship or the type of propulsion plant
employed.
Chapter 1 provides a brief historical survey of the development of
naval ships. Chapter 2 takes up basic design considerations, ship flota-
tion, ship structure, compartmentation, and the geometry of the ship.
Chapter 3 deals with the basic principles of stability and buoyancy; al-
though this information is largely theoretical, it is essential for a true
understanding of the naval ship and for an understanding of many aspects
of damage control. Chapter 4 is concerned with preparations to resist
damage, the damage control organization, material conditions of readi-
ness, the investigation of damage, the control of damage, and certain
aspects of nuclear, biological, and chemical defense.