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Principles of naval engineering PDF

676 Pages·1970·34.997 MB·English
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OF PRINCIPLES NAVAL ENGINEERING Prepared by BUREAU OF NAVAL PERSONNEL NAVPERS 10788-B PREFACE This text provides an introductiontothetheoryand design of engineer- ing machinery and equipment aboard ship. Primary emphasis is placed on helping the student acquire an overall view of shipboard engineering plants and an understanding of basic theoretical considerations that underlie the design of machinery and equipment. Details of operation, maintenance, and repair are not included in this text. The text is divided into five major parts. Part I deals with the devel- opment of naval ships, shipdesignandconstruction, stability and buoyancy of ships, and preventive and correctivedamage control. Certain theoreti- cal considerations that apply to virtually all engineering equipment are discussed in part II. Part III takes upthe major units of machinery in the main propulsion cycle of the widely used steam turbine propulsion plant. Auxiliary machinery and equipment are discussed in part IV. Other types of propulsion machinery, togetherwithabriefsurvey of new developments in naval engineering, are considered in part V. In addition to these five major parts, the text includes an appendix which surveys and briefly describes a number of references that should be of value to engineering officers. This text was prepared by the Training Publications Division, Naval Personnel Program Support Activity, Washington, D. C, for the Bureau of Naval Personnel. Review of the manuscript and technical assistance were provided by Officer Candidate School at Newport, Rhode Island; Naval Development and Training Center, San Diego, California; Service School Command, GreatLakes, Illinois; andNaval ShipSystems Command. First edition 1958 Revised 1966, 1970 Stock Ordering No. 0502-LP-053-9400 ForsalebytheSuperintendentofDocuments, U.S. GovernmentPrintingOffice Washington,D.C.20402 StockNo.008-047-00127-4/CatalogNo.D208.112/:EN3/2/970. ii CONTENTS Page PART THE NAVAL SHIP I 1 Chapter 1 The Development of Naval Ships 3 Chapter 2 Ship Design and Construction 15 Chapter 3 Stability and Buoyancy 34 Chapter 4 Preventive and Corrective Damage Con- trol 61 PART BASIC ENGINEERING THEORY 83 II Chapter 5 Fundamentals of Ship Propulsion and Steering 85 Chapter 6 Theory of Lubrication 112 Chapter 7 Principles of Measurement 119 Chapter 8 Introduction to Thermodynamics 157 PART ni THE CONVENTIONAL STEAM TURBINE PROPULSION PLANT 191 Chapter 9 Machinery Arrangement and Plant Layout I93 Chapter 10 Propulsion Boilers 230 Chapter 11 Boiler Fittings and Controls 276 Chapter 12 Propulsion Steam Turbines 319 Chapter 13 Condensers and Other Heat Exchangers 343 . PART IV AUXILIARY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT 361 Chapter 14 Piping, Fittings, and Valves 363 Chapter 15 Pumps and Forced Draft Blowers 391 Chapter 16 Auxiliary Steam Turbines 422 Chapter 17 Compressed Air Plants 437 Chapter 18 Distilling Plants 450 Chapter 19 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Plants 471 Chapter 20 Shipboard Electrical Systems 492 Chapter 21 Other Auxiliary Equipment 520 PART V OTHER TYPES OF PROPULSION PLANTS 541 Chapter 22 Diesel and Gasoline Engines 543 Chapter 23 Gas Turbines 595 Chapter 24 Nuclear Power Plants 614 Chapter 25 New Developments in Naval Engineering 628 INDEX 654 111 CREDITS The illustrations indicated below are included in this edition of Prin- ciples of Naval Engineering through the courtesy of the designated publishers, companies, and associations. Permission to reproduce these illustrations must be obtained from the original sources. Source Figures American Engineering Co. PRINCIPLES OF NAVAL ENGINEERING Source Figures Naval Auxiliary Machinery (Cont'd) 14-20, 14-27, 14-29 15-20, 17-5, 21-5, 21-6 Naval Boilers 11-15, 11-17 Naval Turbines 12-6, 12-7, 12-9, 12-10,12-11,12-12, 12-13, 12-14, 12-15, 12-18,12-20,12-21, 16-1, 16-2, 16-3, 16-4, 16-5, 16-6 Velan Engineering Companies 14-8 Westinghouse ElectricCorp. 15-32, 15-33, 15-34, 15-36, 24-7, 24-8, 24-9, 24-10,24-11 PART l-THE NAVAL SHIP Chapter 1 The Development of Naval Ships Chapter 2 Ship Design and Construction Chapter 3 Stability and Buoyancy Chapter 4 Preventive and Corrective Damage Control The four chapters included in this part of the text deal primarily with the ship as a whole, rather than withspecific items of engineering equip- ment. Most of the information given in this part applies to naval ships in general, without regard to the type of ship or the type of propulsion plant employed. Chapter 1 provides a brief historical survey of the development of naval ships. Chapter 2 takes up basic design considerations, ship flota- tion, ship structure, compartmentation, and the geometry of the ship. Chapter 3 deals with the basic principles of stability and buoyancy; al- though this information is largely theoretical, it is essential for a true understanding of the naval ship and for an understanding of many aspects of damage control. Chapter 4 is concerned with preparations to resist damage, the damage control organization, material conditions of readi- ness, the investigation of damage, the control of damage, and certain aspects of nuclear, biological, and chemical defense.

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