Primitive Mental States Traditionalpsychoanalysisreliesonthepresenceofcertainmeaning-making capacities in the patient for its effectiveness. Primitive Mental States examines how particular capacities, including those for symbolizing, fan- tasizing, dreaming,experiencing and finding meaningsin those experiences, can be taken for granted. Many of us lack these capacities in certain dimensions of our minds, making traditional psychoanalysis ineffective. Inthisbook,internationalcontributorsarebroughttogethertoconsidera radical evolution in contemporary psychoanalytic theory developed from a combination of ultrasound studies, infant analysis, and observation of mothersandbabies.Thesefindingsdemonstratehowmuchmentallifeexists evenbefore birthandconsidersunevolved, unborn andbarely bornaspects of the self such as the birth of emotion and the birth of alpha functioning. Topics covered include: • prenatal imprints on the mind and body • difficult to treat patients • non-verbal, non-symbolic, disembodied states of being • early relational and attachment trauma. Illustrated throughout with original data and extensive clinical discussions from some of the biggest names in the field, Primitive Mental States will be a useful resource for students and seasoned analysts alike. Jane Van Buren is a psychoanalyst in full time private practice in Los Angeles, California and a training and supervising analyst at the Psycho- analytic Centre of California. She has written widely on the themes of women and children, culture and psychoanalysis. Shelley Alhanati is a psychoanalyst in northern California, and is a super- vising analyst and faculty member of the Psychoanalytic Institute of Northern California. She has lectured and written widely on various topics inpsychoanalytictheoryaswellasonfetal,infant,andchilddevelopmental research. Page Intentionally Left Blank Primitive Mental States A Psychoanalytic Exploration of the Origins of Meaning Edited by Jane Van Buren and Shelley Alhanati Firstpublished2010 byRoutledge 27ChurchRoad,Hove,EastSussexBN32FA SimultaneouslypublishedintheUSAandCanada byRoutledge 270MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NY10016 RoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,anInformabusiness (cid:216)2010Selectionandeditorialmatter,JaneVanBurenandShelleyAlhanati; individualchapters,thecontributors. TypesetinTimesbyGarfieldMorgan,Swansea,WestGlamorgan PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyTJInternationalLtd,Padstow, Cornwall PaperbackcoverdesignbyAndyWard Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedor utilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,now knownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orin anyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwriting fromthepublishers. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary Libraryof CongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Primitivementalstates/editedbyJaneVanBurenandShelleyAlhanati. p.cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-0-415-46893-0(hbk.) – ISBN978-0-415-46894-7(pbk.)1. Psychoanalysis.2.Motherandchild–Psychologicalaspects.I.VanBuren,Jane. II.Alhanati,Shelley. BF173.P67152009 150.19'5–dc22 2009022148 ISBN:978-0-415-46893-0(hbk) ISBN:978-0-415-46894-7(pbk) This book is dedicated to James Grotstein, whose boundless generosity and creativity have profoundly influenced several generations of analysts Page Intentionally Left Blank Contents List of Contributors ix Foreword x Introduction: Primitive mental states and the origins of meaning 1 1 ‘‘Orphans of O’’: The negative therapeutic reaction and the longing for the childhood that never was 8 JAMESS.GROTSTEIN 2 Experiencing emotions, avoiding emotions: Between Hercules and Puss-in-Boots 31 ANTONINOFERRO 3 Incorporation of an invasive object 47 PAULWILLIAMS 4 The theory of transformations and autistic states. Autistic transformations: A proposal 64 CELIAFIXKORBIVCHER 5 A binocular view of adhesion: From prenatal contiguity to postnatal appetite 80 MARIANNEROBINSON 6 The trauma of conception: Cellular memory 97 JOANNAWILHEIM 7 Thoughts without a thinker 112 JANEVANBUREN viii Contents 8 Nothing comes from nothing: Failed births, dead babies 122 FRANCISCOGONZALEZ 9 The origins of the unconscious: Framework of the future mind 135 ARNALDOCHUSTER 10 Pre-verbal language in the treatment of a mother and infant: A clinical exploration 155 ANNIEREINER 11 Transformations of early infantile experience: A six-month-old in psychoanalysis 175 JOHANNORMAN 12 ‘Talk to me baby, tell me what’s the matter now’: Semiotic and developmental perspectives on communication in psychoanalytic infant treatment 197 BJo¨RNSALOMONSSON Index 219 Contributors Arnaldo Chuster ([email protected]) is a Training Analyst at the Psychoanalytic Association of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Antonino Ferro ([email protected]) is a Training Analyst at the Italian Psychoanalytical Society. Celia Fix Korbivcher (celiafi[email protected]) is a Training Analyst at the Brazilian Psychoanalytical Society. Francisco Gonzalez ([email protected]) is a Psychoanalyst at the Psycho- analytic Institute of Northern California. James S. Grotstein ([email protected]) is a Training Analyst at the Psychoanalytic Center of California and the New Center for Psycho- analysis. Johan Norman (deceased) was a former President of the Swedish Psychoanalytic Society. Annie Reiner ([email protected]) is a faculty member of the Psycho- analytic Center of California. Marianne Robinson ([email protected]) is a Training Analyst at the Northwestern Psychoanalytic Society. Bjo¨rn Salomonsson ([email protected]) is a Training Analyst at the Swedish Psychoanalytic Society. Jane Van Buren ([email protected]) is a Training Analyst at the Psychoanalytic Center of California. Joanna Wilheim ([email protected]) is a Training Analyst at the Brazilian Psychoanalytic Society, Sa˜o Paolo. Paul Williams ([email protected]) is a Training Analyst at the British Psycho-Analytical Society.