28 TEXTBOOK ~ Marshall Cavendish UA:1 Education Original edition published under the title Primary Mathematics Textbook 2B © 1982 Curriculum Planning & Development Division, Ministry of Education, Singapore Published by Times Media Private Limited This edition © 2008 Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Private Limited © 2014 Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd Published by Marshall Cavendish Education Times Centre, 1 New Industrial Road, Singapore 536196 Customer Service Hotline: (65) 6213 9688 US Office Tel: (1-914) 332 88881 Fax: (1-914) 332 8882 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.mceducation.com Marshall Cavendish Corporation 99 White Plains Road Tarrytown, NY 10591 U.S.A. Tel: (1-914) 332 8888 Fax: (1-914) 332 8882 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.marshallcavendish.com First published 2008 Reprinted 2009 (twice), 2010, 2011 (twice), 2012, 2015, 2018 (twice), 2019 (twice) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Any requests for permission should be addressed to the Publisher. Marshall Cavendish is a registered trademark of Times Publishing Limited. Singapore Math"' is a trademark of Singapore Math Inc."' and Marshall Cavendish Education Pte Ltd. Primary Mathematics (Standards Edition) Textbook 2B ISBN 978-0-7614-6979-7 Printed in Singapore Primary Mathematics (Standards Edition) is adapted from Primary Mathematics Textbook 2A (3rd Edition), originally developed by the Ministry of Education, Singapore. This edition contains new content developed by Marshall Cavendish International (Singapore) Private Limited, which is not attributable to the Ministry of Education, Singapore. We would like to acknowledge the Project Team from the Ministry of Education, Singapore, that developed the original Singapore Edition: Project Director: Dr Kho Tek Hong Team Members: Hector Chee Kum Hoong, Liang Hin Hoon, Lim Eng Tann, Ng Siew Lee, Rosalind Lim Hui Cheng, Ng Hwee Wan, Thong Chee Hing Our thanks to Richard Askey, Emeritus Professor of Mathematics (University of Wisconsin, Madison) and Madge Goldman, President (Gabriella and Paul Rosenbaum Foundation), for their help and advice in the production of Primary Mathematics (Standards Edition). We would also like to recognize the contribution of Jennifer Kempe (Curriculum Advisor, Singapore Math Inc."') to Primary Mathematics (Standards Edition). THIS BOOK IS THE PROPERTY OF: STATE Book No. PROVINCE Enter information COUNTY in spaces to the left as PARISH instructed. SCHOOL DISTRICT OTHER CONDITION ISSUED TO Year Used ISSUED RETURNED Students to whom this textbook is issued must not write on any page or mark any part of it in any way, consumable textbooks excepted. 1. Teachers should see that the student's name is clearly written in ink in the spaces above in every book issued. 2. The following terms should be used in recording the condition of the book: New; Good; Fair; Poor; Bad. '----~ .lr'CIJ ~~ (Standards Edition) is a complete program from the publishers of Singapore's successful Primary Mathematics series. Newly adapted to align with the Mathematics Framework for California Public Schools, the program aims to equip students with sound concept development, critical thinking and efficient problem-solving skills. Mathematical concepts are introduced in the opening pages and taught to mastery through specific learning tasks that allow for immediate assessment and consolidation. II The color patch is (b) "10() 2=-0--()e + so +, .8 "' • used to invite active student ..j. 10 participation and to facilitate The Concrete __.. Pictorial __..Abstract lively discussion about the approach enables students to encounter math mathematical concepts taught. in a meaningful way and translate mathematical skills from the concrete to the abstract. New mathematical concepts are introduced through a spiral progression that builds on concepts already taught and mastered. Metacognition is employed as a strategy for learners to monitor their thinking processes in problem solving. Speech and thought bubbles provide guidance through the thought processes, making even the most challenging problems accessible to students. The pencil icon ·(If Exercise a. page as I provides quick and easy reference from the Textbook to the relevant Workbook pages. The direct correlation of the Workbook to the Textbook facilitates focused review and evaluation. Cf!ntitn@te,. The Cf!nt/ Meaning W~ Write :~;::: ll~it of length ~00 crn = 1 rn ntt .r.n..e.t.e. r,. ,.,,, .· .... f:!'l :~ division ~ To put into - equal groups. We diVir.Je to fin ~ each group. d the number In °"'"'""""" Th1er2. .° "2' 6 =~ 6~ : ~~ 9-"oups, We also divide number of to find the equo/groupt. Regular reviews in ~12c:hwrJ.,,,.,!O 12 Clt"92eqt.lal9">u~PSOf6. the Textbook provide .. + 6 = 2 We Write '+ • r ,.,.. consolidation of The glossary effectively concepts learnt. combines pictorial representation with simple mathematical definitions to provide a comprehensive reference guide for students. CO~TE~TS 7 Addition and Subtraction 1 Finding the Missing Number 8 Practice A 13 2 Methods for Mental Addition 14 3 Methods for Mental Subtraction 17 Practice B 20 REVIEW7 21 8 Multiplication and Division 1 Multiplying and Dividing by 4 24 Practice A 29 2 Multiplying and Dividing by 5 30 Practice B 33 3 Multiplying and Dividing by 10 34 Practice C 36 Practice D 37 4 Division with Remainder 38 Practice E 41 REVIEWS 42 9 Money 1 Dollars and Cents 44 Practice A 49 2 Adding Money 50 3 Subtracting Money 54 Practice B 58 Practice C 59 REVIEW9 60 10 Fractions 1 Halves and Quarters ~~ 2 Writing Fractions 3 Fraction of a Set REVIEW 10 , Time 1 Telling Time After the Hour 8 76 7 2 Telling Time Before the Hour ..........._. .. __.. 78 3 Time Intervals 80 4 Other Units of Time 84 REVIEW 11 86 12 Capacity ~· 1 Comparing Capacity 2 Liters 3 Gallons, Quarts, Pints and Cups REVIEW 12 Tables and Graphs ~•· 1 Picture Graphs 2 Bar Graphs REVIEW 13 Geometry 1 Flat and Curved Faces ~~ 2 Making Shapes REVIEW 14 REVIEW 15 Glossary 0 Finding the Missing Number part part whole 7 and make 12 . .•- 7 + - 12 8 To find one part, we subtract. 12 - 7 - 5 1. How many flowers do I take away? 20 - - 12 9 2. Complete the number sentences. .. (a) 0 00 ()0 00 00 00 00 00 00 () 0 00 0 Q) 00 00 part part whole To find one part, we subtract. 14 + - 30 (b) whole part part To find one part, we subtract. 21 - - 5 10