Prediction and Simulation Methods for Geohazard Mitigation: including CD-ROM

574 Pages·2009·24.81 MB·English

by  Fusao Oka

PREDICTIONANDSIMULATIONMETHODSFORGEOHAZARDMITIGATION
© 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PREDICTION AND SIMULATION
METHODSFORGEOHAZARDMITIGATION(IS-KYOTO2009),KYOTO,JAPAN,25–27MAY2009
Prediction and Simulation Methods
for Geohazard Mitigation
Editors
Fusao Oka
DepartmentofCivilandEarthResourcesEngineering,
KyotoUniversity,Japan
Akira Murakami
GraduateSchoolofEnvironmentalScience,
OkayamaUniversity,Japan
Sayuri Kimoto
DepartmentofCivilandEarthResourcesEngineering,
KyotoUniversity,Japan

© 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK
CRCPress/BalkemaisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusiness
© 2009Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,UK
TypesetbyVikatanPublishingSolutions(P)Ltd.,Chennai,India
PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyTJInternationalLtd.,Padstow,Cornwall
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationortheinformationcontainedhereinmaybereproduced,stored

inaretrievalsystem, ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans, electronic, mechanical, byphotocopying,
recordingorotherwise,withoutwrittenpriorpermissionfromthepublisher.
Althoughallcareistakentoensureintegrityandthequalityofthispublicationandtheinformationherein,no
responsibilityisassumedbythepublishersnortheauthorforanydamagetothepropertyorpersonsasaresult
ofoperationoruseofthispublicationand/ortheinformationcontainedherein.
Publishedby:CRCPress/Balkema
P.O.Box447,2300AKLeiden,TheNetherlands
e-mail:[email protected]
www.crcpress.com–www.taylorandfrancis.co.uk–www.balkema.nl
ISBN:978-0-415-80482-0(hbk+CD-ROM)
ISBN:978-0-203-87104-1(ebook)
© 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK
PredictionandSimulationMethodsforGeohazardMitigation–Oka,Murakami&Kimoto(eds)
©2009Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,ISBN978-0-415-80482-0
Table of contents
Preface XI
Organisation XIII
Mechanismsofgeohazards
TheLIQSEDFLOW:Roleoftwo-phasephysicsinsubaqueoussedimentgravityflows 3
S.Sassa&H.Sekiguchi
Effortofsubmergencetodecrementofshearstrengthforrelativelyadesiccatedcompactedsoil 11
T.Nishimura
Mechanicalbehaviorofanisotropicsandgroundbearingcoastalstructureanditsevaluation 17
S.Takimoto,S.Miura,S.Kawamura&S.Yokohama
Failuremechanismofvolcanicslopeduetorainfallandfreeze-thawaction 25
S.Kawamura,S.Miura,T.Ishikawa&H.Ino
Slopestabilityconsistingoftwodifferentlayerscausedbyrainfall 33
H.Kaneko,H.Tanaka&Y.Kudoh
Mechanismofsoilslopereinforcedusingnailingduringearthquake 39
L.Wang,G.Zhang,J.-M.Zhang&C.F.Lee
Mechanicaldeteriorationofgroundduetomicroorganismsactivatedbyeutrophication
ofgroundecosystems 45
T.Futagami,K.Terauchi,T.Adachi,K.Ogawa,T.Kono,Y.Fujiwara&S.Sakurai
Thermal,hydraulicandmechanicalstabilitiesofslopescoveredwithSasanipponica 51
K.Takeda,T.Suzuki&T.Yamada
Landslidedamfailureandpredictionofflood/debrisflowhydrograph 59
H.Nakagawa,R.Awal,K.Kawaike,Y.Baba&H.Zhang
Somegeohazardsassociatedwiththe8.0WenchuanearthquakeonMay12,2008 65
K.T.Chau
UseofLIDARandDEMinthestudyofthemassiveFebruary17,2006,Leyte,
Philippines,Rockslide 73
M.Gutierrez
Mechanismoffailureofirrigationtankduetoearthquake 79
A.Kobayashi,T.Hayashi&K.Yamamoto
Simplifieddynamicsolutionoftheshearbandpropagationinsubmergedlandslides 85
A.M.Puzrin,E.Saurer&L.N.Germanovich
SimulationofwavegeneratedbylandslidesinMakudamreservoir 91
S.Yavari-Ramshe&B.Ataie-Ashtiani
Relationshipbetweenclimatechangeandlandslidehazardinalpineareasinterested
bythawingpermafrost 97
V.Francani&P.Gattinoni
V
© 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK
Numericalanalysisondeformation/failurepatternsofembankmentsobserved
in2004Chuetsuearthquake 103
T.Noda,M.Nakano,E.Yamada,A.Asaoka,K.Itabashi&M.Inagaki
Numericalandanalyticalsimulationmethodsforgeohazards
Aproposalof3DliquefactiondamagemapofKochiharbor 113
M.Tanaka,Y.Watabe,S.Sakajo&T.Sadamura
Numericalsimulationsofprogressive/multi-stagesslopefailureduetotherapidincrease
ingroundwatertablelevelbySPH 121
HaH.Bui,R.Fukagawa&K.Sako
Amultiphaseelasto-viscoplasticanalysisofanunsaturatedriverembankmentassociated
withseepageflow 127
F.Oka,S.Kimoto,N.Takada&Y.Higo
Lowenergyrockfallprotectionfencesinforestedareas:Experimentsandnumericalmodeling 133
S.Lambert,D.Bertrand,F.Berger&C.Bigot
Numericalanalysisoferosionandmigrationofsoilparticleswithinsoilmass 139
K.Fujisawa,A.Murakami&S.Nishimura
Assessmentofwellcapturezoneusingparticletracking 145
K.Inoue,T.Tanaka&G.J.M.Uffink
2DsimulationanalysisoffailureofrockslopewithbeddingplanesbyDEM 153
K.Ise,H.Kusumi&S.Otsuki
Numericalpredictionofseepageandseismicbehaviorofunsaturatedfillslope 159
R.Uzuoka,T.Mori,T.Chiba,K.Kamiya&M.Kazama
Finiteelementsimulationforearthquake-inducedlandslidebasedonstrain-softening
characteristicsofweatheredrocks 167
A.Wakai,K.Ugai,A.Onoue,S.Kuroda&K.Higuchi
Distinctelementanalysisforprogressivefailureinrockslope 173
T.Nishimura,K.Tsujino&T.Fukuda
Backward-EulerstressupdatealgorithmfortheoriginalCam-claymodelwiththevertexsingularity 179
T.Pipatpongsa,M.H.Khosravi&H.Ohta
ErosionandseepagefailureanalysisofgroundwithevolutionofbubblesusingSPH 185
H.Sakai,K.Maeda&T.Imase
PerformanceestimationofcountermeasuresforfallingrockusingDEM 193
K.Maeda&T.Yuasa
Modificationofcompressiblesmoothparticleshydrodynamicsforangularmomentuminsimulation
ofimpulsivewaveproblems 201
S.Mansour-Rezaei&B.Ataie-Ashtiani
Viscosityeffectonconsolidationofporoelasticsoilduetogroundwatertabledepression 207
T.L.Tsai
Developofafullynonlinearandhighlydispersivewaterwaveequationset;analysis
ofwaveinteractingwithvaryingbathymetry 213
A.Najafi-Jilani&B.Ataie-Ashtiani
AnMPM-FDMcoupledsimulationmethodforanalyzingpartially-saturatedsoilresponses 219
Y.Higo,S.Kimoto,F.Oka,Y.Morinaka,Y.Goto&Z.Chen
ApplicationofSPHmethodforlargedeformationanalysesofgeomaterials 227
H.Nonoyama,A.Yashima,K.Sawada&S.Moriguchi
VI
© 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK
Effectsofinitialsoilfabricandmodeofshearingonquasi-steadystatelineformonotonic
undrainedbehavior 235
S.Yimsiri&K.Soga
Studyoftheinteractionsbetweenriversdynamicandslopestabilityforgeohazard
prediction:AcaseinValTrebbia(NorthernItaly) 241
L.Scesi&P.Gattinoni
Numericalsimulationsofsubmarine-landslide-inducedandsea-floor-collapse-induced
tsunamialongcoastlineofSouthChina 247
K.T.Chau
Advancedconstitutivemodelingofgeomaterialsandlaboratoryandfieldtesting
Athermo-elasto-viscoplasticmodelforsoftsedimentaryrock 255
S.Zhang&F.Zhang
Particlecrushinganddeformationbehaviour 263
D.MuirWood,M.Kikumoto&A.Russell
Astudyofthecompressionbehaviourofstructuredclays 269
S.Horpibulsuk,J.Suebsuk,A.Chinkulkijniwat&M.D.Liu
Mechanisticpictureoftimeeffectsingranularmaterials 273
P.V.Lade
RoleofCoulomb’sandMohr-Coulomb’sfailurecriteriainshearband 279
T.Tokue&S.Shigemura
Collapseofsoils:Experimentalandnumericalinvestigations 285
A.Daouadji,M.Jrad,A.Lejeune&F.Darve
Water-submergenceeffectsongeotechnicalpropertiesofcrushedmudstone 291
M.Aziz,I.Towhata,S.Yamada&M.U.Qureshi
MitigatingembankmentfailureduetoheavyrainfallusingL-shapedgeosyntheticdrain(LGD) 299
S.Shibuya,M.Saito,N.Torii&K.Hara
Shearstrengthbehaviorofunsaturatedcompactedsandysoils 307
Md.A.Alim&M.Nishigaki
ModelingthebehaviorofartificiallystructuredclaysbytheModifiedStructuredCamClaymodel 313
J.Suebsuk,S.Horpibulsuk,A.Chinkulkijniwat&M.D.Liu
Behaviorofsandsinconstantdeviatoricstressloading 319
A.Azizi,R.Imam,A.Soroush&R.Zandian
Instabilityandfailureinsoilssubjectedtointernalerosion 325
P.-Y.Hicher&C.S.Chang
Shearfailurebehaviorofcompactedbentonite 331
T.Kodaka&Y.Teramoto
Stress-strainandwaterretentioncharacteristicsofmicro-porousceramicparticles
madewithburningsludge 339
K.Kawai,A.Iizuka,S.Kanazawa,A.Fukuda,S.Tachibana&S.Ohno
Rateeffectonresidualstatestrengthofclayrelatedwithfastlandslide 347
M.Suzuki,T.Yamamoto&Y.Kai
Constitutivemodelanditsapplicationofflowdeformationinducedbyliquefiedsand 353
Y.M.Chen,H.L.Liu,G.J.Shao&X.B.Sha
EvaluationofshearstraininsandundertriaxialcompressionusingCTdata 361
Y.Watanabe,J.Otani,N.Lenoir&T.Nakai
VII
© 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK
Elastoplasticmodelingofgeomaterialsconsideringtheinfluenceofdensityandbonding 367
T.Nakai,H.Kyokawa,M.Kikumoto,H.M.Shahin&F.Zhang
Cyclicstrengthofsandwithvariouskindsoffines 375
M.Hyodo,UkGieKim&T.Kaneko
Rheologicalstudyofnanometriccolloidalsilicausedforgrouting 383
A.Guefrech,N.Saiyouri&P.Y.Hicher
Directobservationofpatchyfluiddistribution:Laboratorystudy 389
M.Lebedev,B.Gurevich,B.Clennell,M.Pervukhina,V.Shulakova&T.Müller
VisualizationofleakagebehaviorthroughaholeingeomembraneusingX-rayCTscanner 395
T.Mukunoki,K.Nagata,M.Shigetoku&J.Otani
Thermo-hydro-mechanicalinstabilities
Aseepage-deformationcoupledanalysismethodforunsaturatedriverembankments 401
R.Kato,S.Sunami,F.Oka,S.Kimoto&T.Kodaka
Coupledthermo-mechanicalanalysisforslopebehaviorduringfreezingandthawing 409
T.Ishikawa,S.Miura,S.Akagawa,M.Sato&S.Kawamura
Semi3Dsimulationofgroundwateradvectionanddiffusionforalluviallayer
inpartofKyotobasin 417
T.Kitaoka,H.Kusumi&I.Kusaka
Afiniteelementstudyoflocalizedanddiffusedeformationsinsandbased
onadensity-stress-fabricdependentelastoplasticmodel 423
R.G.Wan&M.Pinheiro
Thermo-poromechanicalanalysisofcatastrophiclandslides 429
I.Vardoulakis&E.Veveakis
Finiteelementpredictionoftheeffectsoffaultingontunnels 437
A.Cividini
Monitoringandnon-destructiveinvestigationmethods
DevelopmentofnewtechnologyforflooddisastermitigationinBangladesh 445
M.Z.Hossain
Definingandmonitoringoflandslideboundariesusingfiberopticsystems 451
M.Iten,A.Schmid,D.Hauswirth&A.M.Puzrin
Dynamicinteractionbetweenpileandreinforcedsoilstructure–PiledGeo-wall– 457
T.Hara,S.Tsuji,A.Yashima,K.Sawada&N.Tatta
Upgradeofexistingstone-guardfencewithusinghigh-energyabsorptionnet 465
S.Tsuji,T.Hara,A.Yashima,K.Sawada&M.Yoshida
Damagedetectionandhealthmonitoringofburiedconcretepipelines 473
A.S.Bradshaw,G.daSilva,M.T.McCue,J.Kim,S.S.Nadukuru,J.Lynch,R.L.Michalowski,
M.Pour-Ghaz,J.Weiss&R.A.Green
Inclinodeformometer:Anoveldeviceformeasuringearthpressureincreepinglandslides 479
M.V.Schwager,A.M.Schmid&A.M.Puzrin
MonitoringofmodelslopefailuretestsusingAmplitudeDomainReflectometry
andTensiometermethods 485
S.Shimobe&N.Ujihira
PredictiononvolumeoflandslideinShih-MenreservoirwatershedinTaiwanfrom
fieldinvestigationandhistoricalterrainmigrationinformation 491
B.-H.Ku,C.-T.Cheng,S.-Y.Chi,C.-Y.Hsiao&B.-S.Lin
VIII
© 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK
Extremerainfallforslopestabilityevaluation 499
N.Gofar,M.L.Lee&A.Kasim
Evaluationofexistingpredictionmethods,performance-baseddesignmethods,
riskanalysisandthemanagementofmitigationprograms
Riskassessmentforhydraulicdesignassociatedwiththeuncertaintyofrainfall 507
C.-M.Wang&C.-L.Shieh
Geotechnicalriskassessmentofhighlyweatheredslopesusingseismicrefractiontechnique 513
M.U.Qureshi,I.Towhata,S.Yamada,M.Aziz&S.Aoyama
Bridgingsatellitemonitoringandcharacterizationofsubsurfaceflow:Withacase
ofHoronobeundergroundresearchlaboratory 519
Q.Li,K.Ito,Y.Tomishima&Y.Seki
Validationofanumericalmodelforthefault-rupturepropagationthroughsanddeposit 525
M.Rokonuzzaman,T.Sakai&A.ElNahas
Aresearchonthequantitativeevaluationofslopestabilityduringrainfall 533
K.Sako,R.Kitamura,T.Satomi,&R.Fukagawa
PredictiononlandslidesinducedbyheavyrainfallsandtyphoonsforShih-Menwatershed
inTaiwanusingSHALSTABprogram 539
B.-S.Lin,C.-K.Hsu,W.-Y.Leung,C.-W.Kao,C.-T.Cheng,J.-C.Lian&B.-S.Lin
Riskevaluationandreliability-baseddesignofearth-filldams 547
S.Nishimura,A.Murakami&K.Fujisawa
Studyonroadslopedisasterpreventionintegratedmanagementsystem 553
N.Sekiguchi,H.Ohtsu&T.Yasuda
Anempiricalstudyonsafetymanagementforriverleveesystems 559
K.Fukunari,M.Miyamoto&K.Yoshikawa
Caserecordsofgeohazardsandmitigationprojects
CharacterizationofUemachi-faultinOsakaagainstdisplacementinduceddisaster 569
Y.Iwasaki
LiquefactionpotentialassessmentatLaemChabangport,Thailand 577
P.Pongvithayapanu
NaturaldamsbuiltbyslidingfailureofslopeduringtheIwate-MiyagiNairikuEarthquakein2008 583
K.Tokida
SiteinvestigationonTokilandslideanditscountermeasureonMarch,2007 591
M.Iwata,A.Yashima,K.Sawada,Y.Murata&T.Suzuki

DynamicsofgeohazardserosiveprocessesatthePrikaspiyregion 599
A.Z.Zhusupbekov&A.Bogomolov
Predictionoflandslideafewmonthsinadvanceofitsoccurrencewithchemicalsensors
forgroundwatercompositionobservation 603
H.Sakai
IX
© 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK
PredictionandSimulationMethodsforGeohazardMitigation–Oka,Murakami&Kimoto(eds)
©2009Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,ISBN978-0-415-80482-0
Preface
Themitigationofgeohazardsisanimportantproblemingeotechnicalengineering.Heavyrains,typhoonsand
earthquakesarethemaincausesofgeohazards.Duetochangesinclimateandextremeweather,geohazardsare
foundallovertheworld.TheKansaibranchoftheJapaneseGeotechnicalSociety(JGS)establishedatechnical
committeeontheMitigationofGeohazardsinRiverBasinsin2006,andithasbeendoingsiteinvestigationson
thegeohazardsbroughtaboutbyheavyrainsandtyphoons.Ontheotherhand,TechnicalCommittee34(TC34)
oftheISSMGEonPredictionandSimulationMethodsinGeomechanicshasbeenworkingonpredictionand
simulationmethodsforgeomechanics.Inparticular,TC34focusesonanalyzingunstablebehavioroftheground,
suchasstrainlocalization,whichisaprecursorofthefailureoftheground,liquefaction,landslides,seepage
failure,etc.TC34ofISSMGEonPredictionMethodsinLargeStrainGeomechanicswasestablishedin2001
after the Istanbul Conference. Since then, TC34 had been successfully managed by Chairperson Professor
VardoulakisofAthens,GreeceunderthesupportofJGS,andaportionoftheirgoalshasbeenachievedthrough
thepromotionofexchangesamongacademicandpracticingmembers.Afterthe16thISSMGEinOsaka,TC34
wasreestablishedasPredictionandSimulationMethodsinGeomechanics.
MembersoftheKansaibranchofJGSandTC34ofISSMGEdecidedtoorganizeaninternationalsymposium
onPredictionandSimulationMethodsforGeohazardMitigation.Thesymposiumprovidesaforumfordiscussing
newpredictionandsimulationmethodsforgeohazardsandforexchangingideasandinformationontopicsof
mutualinterest.Thissymposiumwillmarkthe60thanniversaryofJGSandthe50thanniversaryoftheKansai
branchofJGS.ThesymposiumissponsoredbytheJGS,theKansaibranchoftheJGS,TC34ofISSMGE,TC34’s
supportingcommitteesofJGSandtheCommemorativeOrganizationfortheJapanWorldExposition(’70)
Thethemesofpredictionandsimulationmethodsforgeohazardmitigationinclude:
1. Mechanismsofgeohazards,namely,heavyrains,floods,typhoons,earthquakes,landslides,slopeandsnow
slides,tsunamis,landsubsidence,coastalerosion,etc.
2. Numericalandanalyticalsimulationmethodsforgeohazards,includingconventionalandadvancedmethods,
FDM,FEM,ExtendedFEM,DEM,SPHandMPM.
3. Advancedconstitutivemodelingofgeomaterialsandnumericalimplementationsandconstitutiveparameter
determinationusinglaboratoryandfieldtestresults.
4. Thermo-hydro-mechanicalinstabilities,namely,largedeformations,strainlocalization,progressivefailure,
liquefaction,groundwaterflowanalysis,therapidflowofcomplexgeofluidssuchasmudflow,etc.
5. Monitoring and non-destructive investigative methods for geostructures during/after floods, earthquakes,
heavyrains,etc.anddesignmethods.
6. Evaluationofexistingpredictionmethods,performance-baseddesignmethodsaidedbyadvancednumerical
modeling,riskanalysis,andthemanagementofmitigationprograms.
7. Caserecordsofgeohazardsandmitigationprojects.

A total of 89 papers on the above topics have been contributed from 18 countries. The members of the
OrganizingCommitteeandtheInternationalAdvisoryCommitteereviewed116papers.Theeditorsbelievethat
allofthepapers,presentations,anddiscussionsduringthesymposiumwillopenthedoortonewareasofresearch
andengineeringforthemitigationofgeohazards.Wewishtoexpressoursincerethankstotheauthorsofthe
contributedpapersfortheirresourcefulpapersandtothemembersoftheInternationalAdvisoryCommittee
andtheOrganizingCommitteefortheirvaluablesupportandreviewofthemanuscripts.Acknowledgementsare
alsogiventotheJapaneseGeotechnicalSociety,theKansaibranchoftheJapaneseGeotechnicalSociety,and
ISSMGE.
Editors
FusaoOka,KyotoUniversity
AkiraMurakami,OkayamaUniversity
SayuriKimoto,KyotoUniversity
XI
© 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK
PredictionandSimulationMethodsforGeohazardMitigation–Oka,Murakami&Kimoto(eds)
©2009Taylor&FrancisGroup,London,ISBN978-0-415-80482-0
Organisation
Organizingcommittee
F.Oka,Chair,KyotoUniversity,Japan
K.Tokida,ViceChair,OsakaUniversity,Japan
A.Murakami,ViceChair,OkayamaUniversity,Japan
H.Kusumi,ViceChair,KansaiUniversity,Japan
N.Nakanishi,FukkenCo.,Ltd.,Japan
T.Katayama,TheGeneralEnvironmentalTechnosCo.,Ltd.,Japan
N.Torii,KobeUniversity,Japan
K.Hayashi,ForestEngineering,Inc.,Japan
S.Fukushima,FudoTetraCorporation,Japan
T.Yoden,NEWJECInc.,Japan
T.Emura,KansaiInt.Airport,Co.,Ltd.,Japan
M.Kimura,KyotoUniversity,Japan
K.Kishida,KyotoUniversity,Japan
A.Kobayashi,KyotoUniversity,Japan
T.Katsumi,KyotoUniversity,Japan
S.Kimoto,KyotoUniversity,Japan
T.Konda,Geo-reserchInstitute,Japan
H.Saito,JRWestJapanConsultantsCo.,Japan
H.Yoshidu,MinistryofLand,InfrastructureandTransport,Japan
T.Nakai,TODACorporation,Japan
K.Lee,CTIEngineeringCo.,Ltd.,Japan
T.Kodaka,MeijoUniversity,Japan
A.Iizuka,KobeUniversity,Japan
Y.Kohgo,TokyoUniversityofAgricultureandTechnology,Japan
S.Shibuya,KobeUniversity,Japan
S.Sunami,NikkenSekkeiCivilEngineeringLtd.,Japan
T.Noda,NagoyaUniversity,Japan
F.Zhang,NagoyaInstituteofTech.,Japan
R.Uzuoka,TohokuUniversity,Japan
K.Maeda,NagoyaInstituteofTech.,Japan
Internationaladvisorycommittee
I.G.Vardoulakis,TechnicalUniversityofAthens,Greece
F.Darve,Grenoble,L3S,France
D.MuirWood,BristolUniversity,UK
K.T.Chau,HongKongPolytechnicUniversity,HongKong
P.vandenBerg,DelftGeotechnics,TheNetherlands
R.Nova,PolitecnicodiMilano,Italy
P.V.Lade,TheCatholicUniversityofAmerica,USA
M.MunizdeFarias,FederalUniversityofViçosa,Brazil
R.Wan,UniversityofCalgary,Canada
M.Pastor,CentrodeEstudiosdeTecnicasAplicadas,Spain
A.Cividini,PolitecnicodiMilano,Italy
A.Gens,UniversitatPolitecnicadeCatalunya,Spain
S.-R.Lee,KAIST,Korea
XIII
© 2009 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK