Power & Interdependence PDF
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Power and Interdependence This page intentionally left blank Power and Interdependence Fourth Edition Robert O. Keohane Princeton University Joseph S. Nye Harvard University Longman Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City São Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo For our parents, with gratitude, And our children, with hope. Senior Acquisitions Editor: Vikram Mukhija Editorial Assistant: Beverly Fong Senior Marketing Manager: Lindsey Prudhomme Production Project Manager: Clara Bartunek Project Coordination, Text Design, and Electronic Page Makeup: Abinaya Rajendran, Integra Software Services Creative Art Director: Jayne Conte Cover Designer: Karen Noferi Cover Illustration/Photo: Fitz Hugh Lane (1804-1865). “The Constitution in Boston Harbor” iol on canvas, mounted on panel, c1848-1849, Hunter Museum of American Art, Chattanooga, Tenn, Museum purchase. Printer and Binder: STP Courier / Stoughton Cover Printer: STP Courier / Stoughton Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Keohane, Robert O. (Robert Owen) Power and interdependence / Robert O. Keohane, Joseph S. Nye. — 4th ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-205-08291-9 (alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-205-08291-2 (alk. paper) 1. International relations. 2. International economic relations. I. Nye, Joseph S. II. Title. JX1395.K427 2011 327—dc22 2010046139 Copyright © 2012, 2001, 1997 by Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States. To obtain permission to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, 1900 E. Lake Ave., Glenview, IL 60025 or fax to (847) 486-3938 or e-mail [email protected]. For information regarding permissions, call (847) 486-2635. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10—CRS—14 13 12 11 ISBN-13: 978-0-205-08291-9 ISBN-10: 0-205-08291-2 Brief Contents FOREWORD byFareed Zakaria xiii PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION xvi PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION xix PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION xxiii PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION xxvii PART I Understanding Interdependence 1 CHAPTER 1 Interdependence in World Politics 3 CHAPTER 2 Realism and Complex Interdependence 20 CHAPTER 3 Explaining International Regime Change 33 PART II Regime Change in Oceans and Money 53 CHAPTER 4 The Politics of Oceans and Money: Historical Overview 55 CHAPTER 5 Complex Interdependence in Oceans and Money 86 CHAPTER 6 The Politics of Rule-Making in Oceans and Money 112 PART III Regimes and Two Bilateral Relationships 143 CHAPTER 7 United States Relations with Canada and Australia 145 v vi Brief Contents PART IV The United States and Complex Interdependence 191 CHAPTER 8 Coping with Interdependence 193 PART V Globalism and the Information Age 213 CHAPTER 9 Power, Interdependence, and the Information Age 215 CHAPTER 10 Power, Interdependence, and Globalism 228 PART VI Second Thoughts on Theory and Policy (1989) 265 NOTES 301 INDEX 326 Contents FOREWORD byFareed Zakaria xiii PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION xvi PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION xix PREFACE TO THIRD EDITION xxiii PREFACE TO FOURTH EDITION xxvii PART I Understanding Interdependence 1 CHAPTER 1 Interdependence in World Politics 3 THE NEW RHETORIC OF INTERDEPENDENCE 5 INTERDEPENDENCE AS AN ANALYTIC CONCEPT 7 POWER AND INTERDEPENDENCE 9 INTERNATIONAL REGIME CHANGE 16 CHAPTER 2 Realism and Complex Interdependence 19 THE CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPLEX INTERDEPENDENCE 20 Multiple Channels 21 Absence of Hierarchy among Issues 22 Minor Role of Military Force 22 THE POLITICAL PROCESSES OF COMPLEX INTERDEPENDENCE 24 Linkage Strategies 25 Agenda Setting 26 Transnational and Transgovernmental Relations 28 Role of International Organizations 29 CHAPTER 3 Explaining International Regime Change 32 AN ECONOMIC PROCESS EXPLANATION 32 OVERALL POWER STRUCTURE EXPLANATION 35 Eroding Hegemony 35 Limitations of an Overall Structure Explanation 39 vii viii Contents ISSUE STRUCTURE 42 Limitations of Structural Explanations 44 AN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION MODEL 46 COMBINING EXPLANATIONS 49 PART II Regime Change in Oceans and Money 53 CHAPTER 4 The Politics of Oceans and Money: Historical Overview 55 THE INTERNATIONAL MONETARY ISSUE AREA 57 The International Gold Standard before 1914 58 International Monetary Regimes, 1920–76 63 THE OCEANS ISSUE AREA 75 Defining the Issue Area 76 The Classical Free Seas Regime 78 Regime Periods, 1920–75 79 The Changing Agenda of Oceans Politics 83 CONCLUSION 84 CHAPTER 5 Complex Interdependence in Oceans and Money 85 THE CONDITIONS OF COMPLEX INTERDEPENDENCE 85 Role of Force 85 Absence of Hierarchy among Issues 90 Multiple Channels of Contact 93 Money, Oceans, and Complex Interdependence 96 THE POLITICAL PROCESS IN MONEY AND OCEANS 97 Goals of Actors 98 Instruments of State Policy 102 Agenda Formation 103 Linkage of Issues 104 Roles of International Organizations 106 CONCLUSION 107 CHAPTER 6 The Politics of Rule-Making in Oceans and Money 110 ECONOMIC PROCESSES AND REGIME CHANGE 110 OVERALL STRUCTURE AND REGIME CHANGE 112 Erosion of the Oceans Regime 113 International Monetary Regimes 115 Contents ix ISSUE STRUCTURE AND REGIME CHANGE 117 International Monetary Issue Area 119 Oceans Politics 122 INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION AND REGIME CHANGE 125 Oceans Politics 126 The International Monetary Area 129 LIMITS OF SYSTEMIC EXPLANATIONS: DOMESTIC POLITICS AND LEADERSHIP 131 CONCLUSION 135 PART III Regimes and Two Bilateral Relationships 141 CHAPTER 7 United States Relations with Canada and Australia 143 CANADIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS AND COMPLEX INTERDEPENDENCE 144 AUSTRALIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS AND COMPLEX INTERDEPENDENCE 149 IDENTIFYING ISSUES AND OUTCOMES: CANADA–UNITED STATES 155 IDENTIFYING ISSUES AND OUTCOMES: AUSTRALIA–UNITED STATES 166 COMPARING THE POLITICS OF AGENDA FORMATION 171 ACCOUNTING FOR DIFFERENCES IN OUTCOMES 173 REGIME CHANGE: ALTERNATIVE EXPLANATIONS 179 PART IV The United States and Complex Interdependence 187 CHAPTER 8 Coping with Interdependence 189 EXPLANATORY MODELS AND CONDITIONS OF WORLD POLITICS 189 POWER IN COMPLEX INTERDEPENDENCE 192 TRENDS TOWARD COMPLEX INTERDEPENDENCE 193 LEADERSHIP IN COMPLEX INTERDEPENDENCE 196 MULTIPLE LEADERSHIP AND POLICY COORDINATION 198 BUILDING THE LEGITIMACY OF INTERNATIONAL REGIMES 200 INTERNATIONAL AND DOMESTIC ORGANIZATION 201 CONCLUSION 207
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